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The Scout Report
March 18, 2016
Volume 22, Number 11
-----
A Publication of Internet Scout
Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison
=======
As educators, researchers, librarians, and students, many of our readers
are continually on the lookout for the best ways to share and build upon
curriculum components and other educational materials. Central to this
inquiry are the nuanced, and often complicated, legal protections,
doctrines, and practices that support Intellectual Property (IP) rights. In
this special edition of the Scout Report we've collected and annotated
fifteen high-quality resources that may help shine some light in this area.
From determining a document's reusability to explaining Creative Commons,
we hope this collection of resources will be both informative and thought
provoking.
If you know of other great resources fitting this special edition theme,
please let us know on our Facebook page
(https://www.facebook.com/InternetScout ), by Tweeting @IntScout, or by
emailing us at sc...@scout.wisc.edu.
===== U.S. Copyright ===
1. Teaching Copyright
2. Library of Congress: Timeline of Copyright Milestones
3. Common Sense Media: Copyright and Fair Use Animation
4. Copyright in Education Flowchart
5. Fair Use Evaluator
6. The United States Copyright Office
7. NYPL: Public Domain Collections
===== Intellectual Property and Licensing ===
8. WIPO: What is Intellectual Property?
9. Intellectual Property Law: Why Should I Care?
10. Ten Simple Rules to Protect Your Intellectual Property
11. Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus (PDF)
12. Creative Commons
13. Foter Blog: How To Attribute Creative Commons Photos
14. YouTube: A Shared Culture
15. Finding Public Domain & Creative Commons Media
Copyright and subscription information appear at the end of the Scout
Report. For more information on all services of Internet Scout, please
visit our Website: https://scout.wisc.edu
If you'd like to know how the Internet Scout team selects resources for
inclusion in the Scout Report, visit our Selection Criteria page at:
https://scout.wisc.edu/scout-report/selection-criteria
The Scout Report on the Web:
Current issue: https://scout.wisc.edu/report/current
This issue:
https://scout.wisc.edu/report/2016/0318
Feedback is always welcome: sc...@scout.wisc.edu
===== U.S. Copyright ===
1. Teaching Copyright
https://www.teachingcopyright.org/
When California passed a law in 2006 requiring schools that accept
technology funding to educate their students about copyright, plagiarism,
and Internet safety, many states considered following suit. However, to
date there are few online curricula that help educators to present
copyright law in a way that is both balanced and thought provoking. Enter
Teaching Copyright, which boasts five lessons that seek to teach students
the basics of copyright while encouraging their creativity and curiosity.
Lessons cover such topics as copyright and the rewards of innovation, the
intricacies of fair use, free speech, public domain, and a review of what
students already know. The last lesson takes students through an
entertaining and educational mock trial that helps them master the
principles of fair use. [CNH]
2. Library of Congress: Timeline of Copyright Milestones
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/copyrightmystery/text/files/
Prior to the Statute of Anne, which was passed in England on April 10,
1710, the rights of authors and publishers to control the copying and
distribution of their work went largely unacknowledged. However, after that
landmark law, a number of nations instituted copyright laws similar to the
ones we know today, including laws passed in the post-Revolutionary War
United States. On this page from the Library of Congress, readers will find
an excellent timeline of copyright milestones, from the age of scribes
prior to the invention of the printing press in the 15th century to the age
of the Internet. Along the way they may enjoy perusing entries about the
Universal Copyright Convention, held in Geneva, Switzerland in 1952, the
amending copyright laws in 1980 to include computer programs, and the 1998
law that extended copyright protection to the life of an author plus 70
years after the author's death. Indeed, this excellent compilation helps
take "the mystery out of copyright," and offers a comprehensive look at
copyright law through the ages. [CNH]
3. Common Sense Media: Copyright and Fair Use Animation
https://www.commonsensemedia.org/videos/copyright-and-fair-use-animation
This three-minute video about copyright and fair use, which was produced by
Common Sense Media and intended for use by secondary teachers, provides an
excellent overview of basic concepts related to copyright law. For example,
the video offers five tips for using copyrighted Internet content,
including: check who owns it, get permission to use it, give credit to the
creator, buy it (if necessary), and use it responsibly. The video also
explains that content can be used fairly when the intention is related to
schoolwork and education, news reporting, criticizing or commenting, and
comedy or parody, but that the work must not be for profit and only small
bits of it can be presented. In addition to the short animation, the site
provides a helpful lesson plan called "Copyrights and Wrongs," as well as a
Video Discussion Guide to help students engage with the material. [CNH]
4. Copyright in Education Flowchart
https://exbibliolibris.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/copyright-flowchart.jpg
"Can I use material I found online for teaching or school work?" This
illuminating infographic answers the question in a step-by-step guide,
identifying what material can - and cannot - be used for teaching or school
purposes. For example, the flowchart suggests that readers who need media
to present their research or to assist with teaching might first consider
creating their own media. If they can't do that, they might search for
Public Domain materials. If they can't find what they're looking for in the
public domain, they might search for Creative Commons. If that doesn't
work, they can then think about whether they might claim Fair Use. The
infographic also includes a section on licensing one's own media, a section
on how to think about whether it might be feasible to claim fair use, and
instructions for how to ethically and legally claim fair use in certain
circumstances. [CNH]
5. Fair Use Evaluator
http://librarycopyright.net/resources/fairuse/
In the United States, use of copyrighted material is considered fair when
it is done for a limited and transformative purpose. Knowing what is
determined fair use and what isn't, however, is not always as easy as it
sounds. The Fair Use Evaluator, which was created by the American Library
Association's Office for Information Technology Policy, helps readers
through the process of deciding what is and isn't fair use under the U.S.
Copyright Code. To use the evaluator, select "Make a Fair Use Evaluation."
The program will then take readers through five steps, including Getting
Started, The Fair Use Evaluator, Provide Additional Information, Get a Hard
or Electronic Copy, and How to Use Your Analysis. In addition, on the
homepage readers may also select Learn More About Fair Use, for basic
information about fair use guidelines. As an interactive tool, the
Evaluator is a helpful resource for anyone unsure about fairness of use.
[CNH]
6. The United States Copyright Office
http://copyright.gov
The United States Copyright Office website virtually teems with information
about the multifarious intricacies and real world practicalities of
copyright law. Here readers may Register a Copyright, Record a Document,
Search Records, and Learn About Statutory Licensing. They may also engage
in various Tutorials that are designed to help users navigate the site,
such as an excellent Copyright Search Tutorial, which may be viewed in
PowerPoint, Webpage, PDF, and OpenDocument formats. Beginners to the wide
world of Copyright may benefit from the answers found in the Frequently
Asked Questions section, where they can find explanations of such
quandaries as "What is Copyright?" and "When is my work protected?" Finally
the Law and Policy page includes a range of services, including sections
dedicate to Copyright Law, Regulations, and Policy Reports, among many
others. Interested readers may also find the Fair Use Index especially
useful as it allows users to search jurisdictions and categories for
particular cases and judicial decisions. [CNH]
7. NYPL: Public Domain Collections
http://www.nypl.org/research/collections/digital-collections/public-domain
According to Copyright.gov, "A work of authorship is in the 'public domain'
if it is no longer under copyright protection or if it failed to meet the
requirements for copyright protection." Works in the public domain may be
used free of charge for any purpose. Amazingly, the New York Public Library
has recently placed more than 180,000 of the items in their Digital
Collections in the public domain. Readers may like to explore several tools
and projects designed to inspire use of the public domain resources. These
include Visualize the Public Domain, where readers may scout the public
domain resources by century, genre, collection, or color; Discover the
Collections, where experts post blog entries inviting users to use the
collections in interesting ways; and a series of Public Domain Remixes, in
which NYPL staff have used public domain materials to create groundbreaking
games and projects. In addition, readers may use the excellent search
function to explore the digital collections and discover for themselves
what might be useful. [CNH]
===== Intellectual Property and Licensing ===
8. WIPO: What is Intellectual Property?
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
As this excellent site from the World Intellectual Property Organization
(WIPO) so succinctly explains, intellectual property (IP) refers to
creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works;
designs; and symbols, names, and images used in commerce. Types of IP
include Copyright, Patents, Trademarks, Industrial Designs, and
Geographical Indications. As a whole, the WIPO website is broadly
informative and readers will find a number of excellent Publications. For
example, the freely downloadable PDF "What is IP?" contains an introduction
and pithy chapters on the subjects of patents, trademarks, industrial
design, and geographical indications, as well as a chapter dedicated to
copyright and related rights. For a more comprehensive treatment, readers
will also find the freely downloadable "WIPO Intellectual Property
Handbook." [CNH]
9. Intellectual Property Law: Why Should I Care?
https://unitproj.library.ucla.edu/col/bruinsuccess/01/01.cfm
This entertaining site from the UCLA Library helps readers understand the
elaborate case law of intellectual property through illustrations, quizzes,
and colorful text boxes. After perusing the homepage, readers may like to
explore the various sections of the site. The first, Intellectual Property,
includes 15 subsections that explain the basics of copyright, fair use,
patents, trademarks, and other related topics before offering a quiz to
help readers maximize their learning. Need a File, Share a File delves into
copyright as related to the ever more common practice of file sharing,
while Citing and Documenting Sources provides an excellent primer on how to
avoid plagiarism and how to properly cite various types of media. For
readers working in a college context, this sterling resource from UCLA
libraries can provide students and professors with everything they need to
know about intellectual property in academia. [CNH]
10. Ten Simple Rules to Protect Your Intellectual Property
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3493459/
Scientists of all kinds will benefit from reading this excellent article
from the open access journal, PLoS: Computational Biology. The authors,
each of whom is well established in his field, offer ten simple rules that
might help researchers protect their intellectual property. These include
tips such as: Get Professional Help, Know Your (Intellectual Property)
Rights, Think about Why You Want IP, Be Realistic about What You Can, and
Cannot, Protect, Keep Your Idea Secret until You Have Filed a Patent
Application, and others. Each rule is accompanied by several explanatory
paragraphs that elucidate and clarify the points, making for an
exceptionally useful list of advice for scientists that would like to
protect their innovative work and develop it for the next phase of inquiry
and results.[CNH]
11. Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus (PDF)
http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/IP_Report_March_2012.pdf
This 76-page report prepared by the Economics and Statistics Administration
and the United States Patent and Trademark Office makes the case that, far
from being secondary to the task, trademarks and other intellectual
property (IP) rights provide the very bedrock by which the United States
expands its economy and makes its place in the world. Key findings of the
report include the fact that the U.S. economy as a whole relies on some
form of IP, because nearly every industry either produces or uses
intellectual property. The report also identifies 75 industries that are
particularly IP-intensive, and these industries accounted for approximately
27 million jobs and almost 19 percent of employment in the year 2010. The
report also includes distinct sections dedicated to patents, trademarks,
copyrights, and employment, each of which are fact filled and educational
in their own right. [CNH]
12. Creative Commons
http://creativecommons.org
Creative Commons is a nonprofit that offers free legal tools to creative
people who would like to share their work under specified conditions. On
the site, readers may like to start by searching the commons, which they
can do using the convenient search feature. A search turns up results from
the OpenClipArt library, Google, Wikimedia Commons, SoundCloud, and other
sources - all of it pre-approved for legal use. The site also features a
number of compelling features for users who would like to license their own
content. For example, under Licenses, users will find categories such as
About the Licenses, Choose a License, and Things to know before licensing
to understand available licensing options for particular products. On the
other hand, readers who would like to use the work of others may also read
about Best practices for attribution and Getting permission. Finally, the
Creative Commons blog is a regularly updated source of information about
licensing, public domain work, and the various artists and others that use
Creative Commons to license their work. [CNH]
13. Foter Blog: How To Attribute Creative Commons Photos
http://foter.com/blog/how-to-attribute-creative-commons-photos/
With more than 227 million images available for legal use on its site,
Creative Commons is a phenomenal resource for bloggers, educators, web
designers, and many others working in digital images. However, according to
the researchers at Foter Blog, more than 90 percent of Creative Commons
photos are not attributed at all. Of those that are attributed, less than
10 percent are attributed properly. This surprisingly clear infographic
provides concise directions for how, exactly, to attribute Creative Commons
content. First, the infographic explains what a Creative Commons license is
and what it allows users to do. Then it explains the different conditions
(Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works, and Share Alike) and
what they mean. Finally, the graphic offers some statistics on the most
popular licenses and categories before reviewing how users should attribute
photos, using a simple four-step process that includes citing the author,
the title of the work, the license type, and the copyright notices. For
readers who would like to understand how to properly attribute Creative
Commons content, this infographic is a must see. [CNH]
14. YouTube: A Shared Culture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQqZU8G7bAo
This snappy and succinct 3-minute video offers readers a concise
explanation of what Creative Commons is, what it does, and how artists,
corporations, musicians, bloggers, and anyone else might make use of it.
Put simply, according the video, Creative Commons is like a public park:
anyone can use a public park, as long as they follow certain guidelines.
Likewise, anyone can use the materials on the Creative Commons website, as
long as they correctly attribute the work, based on the Creative Commons
licensing system. In addition, artists and others who would like to share
their work may choose exactly how they would like it to be used. For
example, can it be used for commercial purposes, or not? Or, can people use
it to make derivative work? Or, do the users need to share alike? Creative
Commons seeks to build a global community of shared ideas, and this video
explains the process. [CNH]
15. Finding Public Domain & Creative Commons Media
http://guides.library.harvard.edu/Finding_Images
Subject matter experts at the Harvard Law School Library have compiled over
130 Research Guides to assist students and other library patrons with
their research initiatives. Ranging in topic from Animal Law to Mergers &
Acquisitions to Visualization Tools, there are numerous resources to be
explored. One particular guide of note is the Public Domain and Creative
Commons Media Finder. This handy reference was crafted by Research
Librarian Meg Kribble and will help interested readers locate and correctly
attribute public domain and Creative Commons media for personal and
academic use. To start, the guide breaks down the difference between the
public domain and Creative Commons. Then, the guide links to a helpful
three-minute video that explains the Creative Commons process and offers an
infographic detailing the various types of Creative Commons licenses.
Perhaps most helpful, are the annotated listings of public domain and
Creative Commons Web resources. This thorough compilation is sure to make
it easy to find Images, Audio Content, and Video Content for a variety of
projects and presentations. [CBD]
Below are the copyright statements to be included when reproducing
annotations from The Scout Report.
The single phrase below is the copyright notice to be used when
reproducing any portion of this report, in any format:
From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout 1994-2016.
https://www.scout.wisc.edu
The paragraph below is the copyright notice to be used when
reproducing the entire report, in any format:
Copyright (c) 2016 Internet Scout Research Group - https://scout.wisc.edu
The Internet Scout Research Group, located in the Computer Sciences
Department at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, provides Internet
publications and software to the research and education communities
under grants from the National Science Foundation, the Andrew W.
Mellon Foundation, and other philanthropic organizations. Users may make
and
distribute verbatim copies of any of Internet Scout's publications or
web content, provided this paragraph, including the above copyright
notice, is preserved on all copies.
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed
in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily
reflect the views of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, or the
National Science Foundation.
====== ======
== Index for March 18, 2016 ==
====== ======
1. Teaching Copyright
https://www.teachingcopyright.org/
2. Library of Congress: Timeline of Copyright Milestones
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/copyrightmystery/text/files/
3. Common Sense Media: Copyright and Fair Use Animation
https://www.commonsensemedia.org/videos/copyright-and-fair-use-animation
4. Copyright in Education Flowchart
https://exbibliolibris.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/copyright-flowchart.jpg
5. Fair Use Evaluator
http://librarycopyright.net/resources/fairuse/
6. The United States Copyright Office
http://copyright.gov
7. NYPL: Public Domain Collections
http://www.nypl.org/research/collections/digital-collections/public-domain
8. WIPO: What is Intellectual Property?
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
9. Intellectual Property Law: Why Should I Care?
https://unitproj.library.ucla.edu/col/bruinsuccess/01/01.cfm
10. Ten Simple Rules to Protect Your Intellectual Property
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3493459/
11. Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus (PDF)
http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/IP_Report_March_2012.pdf
12. Creative Commons
http://creativecommons.org
13. Foter Blog: How To Attribute Creative Commons Photos
http://foter.com/blog/how-to-attribute-creative-commons-photos/
14. YouTube: A Shared Culture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQqZU8G7bAo
15. Finding Public Domain & Creative Commons Media
http://guides.library.harvard.edu/Finding_Images
====== ====
== Subscription and Contact Information ==
==== ======
To receive the electronic mail version of the Scout Report each week,
subscribe to the scout-report mailing list. This is the only mail you
will receive from this list.
The Scout Report (ISSN 1092-3861) is published every Friday of the year
except the last Friday of December by Internet Scout, located in the
University of Wisconsin-Madison's Department of Computer Sciences.
Funding sources have included the National Science Foundation and the
University of Wisconsin Libraries.
Editor Craig Hase [CNH]
Managing Editor Catherine Dixon [CBD]
Contributing Editor Debra Shapiro [DS]
Director Edward Almasy [EA]
Director Rachael Bower [REB]
Metadata and Information Specialist Kendra A. Bouda [KAB]
Internet Cataloger Molly McBride [MAM]
Software Engineer Corey Halpin [CRH]
Web Developer Yizhe (Charles) Hu [YH]
Technical Specialist Zev Weiss [ZW]
Administrative Assistant Mitchell Mckay [MM]
Outreach/Communications Assistant Zachary Thiede [ZT]
Outreach/Communications Assistant Hannah Mills [HM]
For information on additional contributors, see the Internet Scout staff
page.
https://scout.wisc.edu/staff-bios
==
====
======
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The Scout Report
March 18, 2016
Volume 22, Number 11
-----
A Publication of Internet Scout
Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison
=======
As educators, researchers, librarians, and students, many of our readers
are continually on the lookout for the best ways to share and build upon
curriculum components and other educational materials. Central to this
inquiry are the nuanced, and often complicated, legal protections,
doctrines, and practices that support Intellectual Property (IP) rights. In
this special edition of the Scout Report we've collected and annotated
fifteen high-quality resources that may help shine some light in this area.
From determining a document's reusability to explaining Creative Commons,
we hope this collection of resources will be both informative and thought
provoking.
If you know of other great resources fitting this special edition theme,
please let us know on our Facebook page
(https://www.facebook.com/InternetScout ), by Tweeting @IntScout, or by
emailing us at sc...@scout.wisc.edu.
===== U.S. Copyright ===
1. Teaching Copyright
2. Library of Congress: Timeline of Copyright Milestones
3. Common Sense Media: Copyright and Fair Use Animation
4. Copyright in Education Flowchart
5. Fair Use Evaluator
6. The United States Copyright Office
7. NYPL: Public Domain Collections
===== Intellectual Property and Licensing ===
8. WIPO: What is Intellectual Property?
9. Intellectual Property Law: Why Should I Care?
10. Ten Simple Rules to Protect Your Intellectual Property
11. Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus (PDF)
12. Creative Commons
13. Foter Blog: How To Attribute Creative Commons Photos
14. YouTube: A Shared Culture
15. Finding Public Domain & Creative Commons Media
Copyright and subscription information appear at the end of the Scout
Report. For more information on all services of Internet Scout, please
visit our Website: https://scout.wisc.edu
If you'd like to know how the Internet Scout team selects resources for
inclusion in the Scout Report, visit our Selection Criteria page at:
https://scout.wisc.edu/scout-report/selection-criteria
The Scout Report on the Web:
Current issue: https://scout.wisc.edu/report/current
This issue:
https://scout.wisc.edu/report/2016/0318
Feedback is always welcome: sc...@scout.wisc.edu
===== U.S. Copyright ===
1. Teaching Copyright
https://www.teachingcopyright.org/
When California passed a law in 2006 requiring schools that accept
technology funding to educate their students about copyright, plagiarism,
and Internet safety, many states considered following suit. However, to
date there are few online curricula that help educators to present
copyright law in a way that is both balanced and thought provoking. Enter
Teaching Copyright, which boasts five lessons that seek to teach students
the basics of copyright while encouraging their creativity and curiosity.
Lessons cover such topics as copyright and the rewards of innovation, the
intricacies of fair use, free speech, public domain, and a review of what
students already know. The last lesson takes students through an
entertaining and educational mock trial that helps them master the
principles of fair use. [CNH]
2. Library of Congress: Timeline of Copyright Milestones
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/copyrightmystery/text/files/
Prior to the Statute of Anne, which was passed in England on April 10,
1710, the rights of authors and publishers to control the copying and
distribution of their work went largely unacknowledged. However, after that
landmark law, a number of nations instituted copyright laws similar to the
ones we know today, including laws passed in the post-Revolutionary War
United States. On this page from the Library of Congress, readers will find
an excellent timeline of copyright milestones, from the age of scribes
prior to the invention of the printing press in the 15th century to the age
of the Internet. Along the way they may enjoy perusing entries about the
Universal Copyright Convention, held in Geneva, Switzerland in 1952, the
amending copyright laws in 1980 to include computer programs, and the 1998
law that extended copyright protection to the life of an author plus 70
years after the author's death. Indeed, this excellent compilation helps
take "the mystery out of copyright," and offers a comprehensive look at
copyright law through the ages. [CNH]
3. Common Sense Media: Copyright and Fair Use Animation
https://www.commonsensemedia.org/videos/copyright-and-fair-use-animation
This three-minute video about copyright and fair use, which was produced by
Common Sense Media and intended for use by secondary teachers, provides an
excellent overview of basic concepts related to copyright law. For example,
the video offers five tips for using copyrighted Internet content,
including: check who owns it, get permission to use it, give credit to the
creator, buy it (if necessary), and use it responsibly. The video also
explains that content can be used fairly when the intention is related to
schoolwork and education, news reporting, criticizing or commenting, and
comedy or parody, but that the work must not be for profit and only small
bits of it can be presented. In addition to the short animation, the site
provides a helpful lesson plan called "Copyrights and Wrongs," as well as a
Video Discussion Guide to help students engage with the material. [CNH]
4. Copyright in Education Flowchart
https://exbibliolibris.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/copyright-flowchart.jpg
"Can I use material I found online for teaching or school work?" This
illuminating infographic answers the question in a step-by-step guide,
identifying what material can - and cannot - be used for teaching or school
purposes. For example, the flowchart suggests that readers who need media
to present their research or to assist with teaching might first consider
creating their own media. If they can't do that, they might search for
Public Domain materials. If they can't find what they're looking for in the
public domain, they might search for Creative Commons. If that doesn't
work, they can then think about whether they might claim Fair Use. The
infographic also includes a section on licensing one's own media, a section
on how to think about whether it might be feasible to claim fair use, and
instructions for how to ethically and legally claim fair use in certain
circumstances. [CNH]
5. Fair Use Evaluator
http://librarycopyright.net/resources/fairuse/
In the United States, use of copyrighted material is considered fair when
it is done for a limited and transformative purpose. Knowing what is
determined fair use and what isn't, however, is not always as easy as it
sounds. The Fair Use Evaluator, which was created by the American Library
Association's Office for Information Technology Policy, helps readers
through the process of deciding what is and isn't fair use under the U.S.
Copyright Code. To use the evaluator, select "Make a Fair Use Evaluation."
The program will then take readers through five steps, including Getting
Started, The Fair Use Evaluator, Provide Additional Information, Get a Hard
or Electronic Copy, and How to Use Your Analysis. In addition, on the
homepage readers may also select Learn More About Fair Use, for basic
information about fair use guidelines. As an interactive tool, the
Evaluator is a helpful resource for anyone unsure about fairness of use.
[CNH]
6. The United States Copyright Office
http://copyright.gov
The United States Copyright Office website virtually teems with information
about the multifarious intricacies and real world practicalities of
copyright law. Here readers may Register a Copyright, Record a Document,
Search Records, and Learn About Statutory Licensing. They may also engage
in various Tutorials that are designed to help users navigate the site,
such as an excellent Copyright Search Tutorial, which may be viewed in
PowerPoint, Webpage, PDF, and OpenDocument formats. Beginners to the wide
world of Copyright may benefit from the answers found in the Frequently
Asked Questions section, where they can find explanations of such
quandaries as "What is Copyright?" and "When is my work protected?" Finally
the Law and Policy page includes a range of services, including sections
dedicate to Copyright Law, Regulations, and Policy Reports, among many
others. Interested readers may also find the Fair Use Index especially
useful as it allows users to search jurisdictions and categories for
particular cases and judicial decisions. [CNH]
7. NYPL: Public Domain Collections
http://www.nypl.org/research/collections/digital-collections/public-domain
According to Copyright.gov, "A work of authorship is in the 'public domain'
if it is no longer under copyright protection or if it failed to meet the
requirements for copyright protection." Works in the public domain may be
used free of charge for any purpose. Amazingly, the New York Public Library
has recently placed more than 180,000 of the items in their Digital
Collections in the public domain. Readers may like to explore several tools
and projects designed to inspire use of the public domain resources. These
include Visualize the Public Domain, where readers may scout the public
domain resources by century, genre, collection, or color; Discover the
Collections, where experts post blog entries inviting users to use the
collections in interesting ways; and a series of Public Domain Remixes, in
which NYPL staff have used public domain materials to create groundbreaking
games and projects. In addition, readers may use the excellent search
function to explore the digital collections and discover for themselves
what might be useful. [CNH]
===== Intellectual Property and Licensing ===
8. WIPO: What is Intellectual Property?
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
As this excellent site from the World Intellectual Property Organization
(WIPO) so succinctly explains, intellectual property (IP) refers to
creations of the mind, such as inventions; literary and artistic works;
designs; and symbols, names, and images used in commerce. Types of IP
include Copyright, Patents, Trademarks, Industrial Designs, and
Geographical Indications. As a whole, the WIPO website is broadly
informative and readers will find a number of excellent Publications. For
example, the freely downloadable PDF "What is IP?" contains an introduction
and pithy chapters on the subjects of patents, trademarks, industrial
design, and geographical indications, as well as a chapter dedicated to
copyright and related rights. For a more comprehensive treatment, readers
will also find the freely downloadable "WIPO Intellectual Property
Handbook." [CNH]
9. Intellectual Property Law: Why Should I Care?
https://unitproj.library.ucla.edu/col/bruinsuccess/01/01.cfm
This entertaining site from the UCLA Library helps readers understand the
elaborate case law of intellectual property through illustrations, quizzes,
and colorful text boxes. After perusing the homepage, readers may like to
explore the various sections of the site. The first, Intellectual Property,
includes 15 subsections that explain the basics of copyright, fair use,
patents, trademarks, and other related topics before offering a quiz to
help readers maximize their learning. Need a File, Share a File delves into
copyright as related to the ever more common practice of file sharing,
while Citing and Documenting Sources provides an excellent primer on how to
avoid plagiarism and how to properly cite various types of media. For
readers working in a college context, this sterling resource from UCLA
libraries can provide students and professors with everything they need to
know about intellectual property in academia. [CNH]
10. Ten Simple Rules to Protect Your Intellectual Property
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3493459/
Scientists of all kinds will benefit from reading this excellent article
from the open access journal, PLoS: Computational Biology. The authors,
each of whom is well established in his field, offer ten simple rules that
might help researchers protect their intellectual property. These include
tips such as: Get Professional Help, Know Your (Intellectual Property)
Rights, Think about Why You Want IP, Be Realistic about What You Can, and
Cannot, Protect, Keep Your Idea Secret until You Have Filed a Patent
Application, and others. Each rule is accompanied by several explanatory
paragraphs that elucidate and clarify the points, making for an
exceptionally useful list of advice for scientists that would like to
protect their innovative work and develop it for the next phase of inquiry
and results.[CNH]
11. Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus (PDF)
http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/IP_Report_March_2012.pdf
This 76-page report prepared by the Economics and Statistics Administration
and the United States Patent and Trademark Office makes the case that, far
from being secondary to the task, trademarks and other intellectual
property (IP) rights provide the very bedrock by which the United States
expands its economy and makes its place in the world. Key findings of the
report include the fact that the U.S. economy as a whole relies on some
form of IP, because nearly every industry either produces or uses
intellectual property. The report also identifies 75 industries that are
particularly IP-intensive, and these industries accounted for approximately
27 million jobs and almost 19 percent of employment in the year 2010. The
report also includes distinct sections dedicated to patents, trademarks,
copyrights, and employment, each of which are fact filled and educational
in their own right. [CNH]
12. Creative Commons
http://creativecommons.org
Creative Commons is a nonprofit that offers free legal tools to creative
people who would like to share their work under specified conditions. On
the site, readers may like to start by searching the commons, which they
can do using the convenient search feature. A search turns up results from
the OpenClipArt library, Google, Wikimedia Commons, SoundCloud, and other
sources - all of it pre-approved for legal use. The site also features a
number of compelling features for users who would like to license their own
content. For example, under Licenses, users will find categories such as
About the Licenses, Choose a License, and Things to know before licensing
to understand available licensing options for particular products. On the
other hand, readers who would like to use the work of others may also read
about Best practices for attribution and Getting permission. Finally, the
Creative Commons blog is a regularly updated source of information about
licensing, public domain work, and the various artists and others that use
Creative Commons to license their work. [CNH]
13. Foter Blog: How To Attribute Creative Commons Photos
http://foter.com/blog/how-to-attribute-creative-commons-photos/
With more than 227 million images available for legal use on its site,
Creative Commons is a phenomenal resource for bloggers, educators, web
designers, and many others working in digital images. However, according to
the researchers at Foter Blog, more than 90 percent of Creative Commons
photos are not attributed at all. Of those that are attributed, less than
10 percent are attributed properly. This surprisingly clear infographic
provides concise directions for how, exactly, to attribute Creative Commons
content. First, the infographic explains what a Creative Commons license is
and what it allows users to do. Then it explains the different conditions
(Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Works, and Share Alike) and
what they mean. Finally, the graphic offers some statistics on the most
popular licenses and categories before reviewing how users should attribute
photos, using a simple four-step process that includes citing the author,
the title of the work, the license type, and the copyright notices. For
readers who would like to understand how to properly attribute Creative
Commons content, this infographic is a must see. [CNH]
14. YouTube: A Shared Culture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQqZU8G7bAo
This snappy and succinct 3-minute video offers readers a concise
explanation of what Creative Commons is, what it does, and how artists,
corporations, musicians, bloggers, and anyone else might make use of it.
Put simply, according the video, Creative Commons is like a public park:
anyone can use a public park, as long as they follow certain guidelines.
Likewise, anyone can use the materials on the Creative Commons website, as
long as they correctly attribute the work, based on the Creative Commons
licensing system. In addition, artists and others who would like to share
their work may choose exactly how they would like it to be used. For
example, can it be used for commercial purposes, or not? Or, can people use
it to make derivative work? Or, do the users need to share alike? Creative
Commons seeks to build a global community of shared ideas, and this video
explains the process. [CNH]
15. Finding Public Domain & Creative Commons Media
http://guides.library.harvard.edu/Finding_Images
Subject matter experts at the Harvard Law School Library have compiled over
130 Research Guides to assist students and other library patrons with
their research initiatives. Ranging in topic from Animal Law to Mergers &
Acquisitions to Visualization Tools, there are numerous resources to be
explored. One particular guide of note is the Public Domain and Creative
Commons Media Finder. This handy reference was crafted by Research
Librarian Meg Kribble and will help interested readers locate and correctly
attribute public domain and Creative Commons media for personal and
academic use. To start, the guide breaks down the difference between the
public domain and Creative Commons. Then, the guide links to a helpful
three-minute video that explains the Creative Commons process and offers an
infographic detailing the various types of Creative Commons licenses.
Perhaps most helpful, are the annotated listings of public domain and
Creative Commons Web resources. This thorough compilation is sure to make
it easy to find Images, Audio Content, and Video Content for a variety of
projects and presentations. [CBD]
Below are the copyright statements to be included when reproducing
annotations from The Scout Report.
The single phrase below is the copyright notice to be used when
reproducing any portion of this report, in any format:
From The Scout Report, Copyright Internet Scout 1994-2016.
https://www.scout.wisc.edu
The paragraph below is the copyright notice to be used when
reproducing the entire report, in any format:
Copyright (c) 2016 Internet Scout Research Group - https://scout.wisc.edu
The Internet Scout Research Group, located in the Computer Sciences
Department at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, provides Internet
publications and software to the research and education communities
under grants from the National Science Foundation, the Andrew W.
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and
distribute verbatim copies of any of Internet Scout's publications or
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Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed
in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily
reflect the views of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, or the
National Science Foundation.
====== ======
== Index for March 18, 2016 ==
====== ======
1. Teaching Copyright
https://www.teachingcopyright.org/
2. Library of Congress: Timeline of Copyright Milestones
http://www.loc.gov/teachers/copyrightmystery/text/files/
3. Common Sense Media: Copyright and Fair Use Animation
https://www.commonsensemedia.org/videos/copyright-and-fair-use-animation
4. Copyright in Education Flowchart
https://exbibliolibris.files.wordpress.com/2014/07/copyright-flowchart.jpg
5. Fair Use Evaluator
http://librarycopyright.net/resources/fairuse/
6. The United States Copyright Office
http://copyright.gov
7. NYPL: Public Domain Collections
http://www.nypl.org/research/collections/digital-collections/public-domain
8. WIPO: What is Intellectual Property?
http://www.wipo.int/about-ip/en/
9. Intellectual Property Law: Why Should I Care?
https://unitproj.library.ucla.edu/col/bruinsuccess/01/01.cfm
10. Ten Simple Rules to Protect Your Intellectual Property
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3493459/
11. Intellectual Property and the U.S. Economy: Industries in Focus (PDF)
http://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/news/publications/IP_Report_March_2012.pdf
12. Creative Commons
http://creativecommons.org
13. Foter Blog: How To Attribute Creative Commons Photos
http://foter.com/blog/how-to-attribute-creative-commons-photos/
14. YouTube: A Shared Culture
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQqZU8G7bAo
15. Finding Public Domain & Creative Commons Media
http://guides.library.harvard.edu/Finding_Images
====== ====
== Subscription and Contact Information ==
==== ======
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The Scout Report (ISSN 1092-3861) is published every Friday of the year
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Funding sources have included the National Science Foundation and the
University of Wisconsin Libraries.
Editor Craig Hase [CNH]
Managing Editor Catherine Dixon [CBD]
Contributing Editor Debra Shapiro [DS]
Director Edward Almasy [EA]
Director Rachael Bower [REB]
Metadata and Information Specialist Kendra A. Bouda [KAB]
Internet Cataloger Molly McBride [MAM]
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Web Developer Yizhe (Charles) Hu [YH]
Technical Specialist Zev Weiss [ZW]
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For information on additional contributors, see the Internet Scout staff
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https://scout.wisc.edu/staff-bios
==
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