ENFER FONDU
Art Neuendorffer
______ *NEUENDORFFER*
________ {anagrams}
______ *NEUDORF ENFER*
______ *FONDEUR ENFER*
______ *FOUNDER ENFER*
______ *REFONDU ENFER* (sealed Hell)
----------------------------------------------------------------
http://glaciers.climat.free.fr/Mer_de_glace/La_Mer_de_glace.html
.
<<July 22, 1816: at a hotel near the Mer du Glace glacier in what
was then Savoy but is now a part of France, the poets Byron &
Shelley registered for a night's stay. Byron listed his age as 100.
Shelley signed in Greek that he was by profession an atheist,
a philanthropist, and a democrat, and in the slot marked destination
he wrote *L'ENFER* , French for HELL. Poet-laureate Robert Southey
came along later and read the blasphemous registry entries, and,
after correcting Shelley's Greek, went home & used these details
as more fuel for the gossip mill against the odd entourage
living in Switzerland on the banks of Lake Geneva. Byron
would pay him back mercilessly in The Vision of Judgment. >>
.
Lord Byron's dog: BOATSWAIN, buried in the Newstead Abbey garden.
---------------------------------------------------
______ *NEUENDORFFER*
______ *UFFERN REDONE*
______ *UFFERN ENREDO*
..............................................
_ *UFFERN* : Hell (Welsh)
_ *ENREDO* : plot, story (Portuguese)
-------------------------------------------------------------
Adolf *NEUENDORFF* , first (1885) conductor of the BOSTON Pops,
. wrote an opera called _Don Quixote_ in 1882.
. http://www.bso.org/pops/about/history.htm
------------------------------------------------------
______ *NEUENDORFF*
________ {anagrams}
______ *FOUND ENFER*
______ *ENFER FONDU*
______ *ENFER FUNDO*
.
*FUNDO* : cast, melt, defeat, put to flight,
scatter, pour out, pour forth, to pour, establish (Latin)
.
______ *UFFERN DONE*
.
----------------------------------------------------------
http://cgi.ebay.com/ws/eBayISAPI.dll?ViewItem&item=7404602434&ssPageName=ADME:B:EF:US:2
--------------------------------------------------
______ *RAT CHARMER'S SONG*
______ *MONARCH'S GARTERS*
.............................................
______ *THE RAT CHARMER*
______ *MARCHER HATTER*
.............................................
<<A German version of the *RAT CHARMER'S* tale seems
to have survived in a 1602/1603 inscription found
in Hamelin in the Rattenfängerhaus>>
(Pied Piper's, or Ratcatcher's house):
.
Anno 1284 am dage Johannis et Pauli war der 26. junii
Dorch einen piper mit allerlei farve bekledet
gewesen CXXX kinder verledet binnen Hamelen gebo[re]n
to calvarie bi den koppen verloren
.
which has been roughly translated into English as:
.
In the year of 1284,
on John's and Paul's day was the 26th of June
By a piper, dressed in all kinds of colours,
130 children born in Hamelin were seduced
and lost at the place of execution near the Koppen.>>
.........................................................
*Richard VERstEgan* , English publisher & antiquarian
(c. 1548 - c. 1636); A Restitution of Decayed Intelligence, 1605
.
<<There came into the town of Hamel an old kind of companion, who, for
the fantastical coat which he wore being wrought with sundry colours,
was called the Pied Piper. This fellow, forsooth, offered the townsmen,
for a certain sum of money, to rid the town of all the rats that were
in it (for at that time the burghers were with that vermin greatly
annoyed). The accord, in fine, being made, the Pied Piper, with a
shrill pipe, went thorow all the streets, and forthwith the rats
came all running out of the houses in great numbers after him;
all which he led into the river of Weaser, and therein drowned them.
This done, and no one rat more perceived to be left in the town, he
afterward came to demand his reward according to his bar-gain; but
being told that the bargain was not made with him in good earnest,
to wit, with an opinion that lie could be able to do such a feat,
they cared not what they accorded unto, when they imagined
it could never be deserved, and so never be demanded; but,
nevertheless, seeing he had done such an unlikely thing indeed,
they were content to give him a good reward; and so offered him
far less than lie looked for. He, therewith discontented,
said he would have his full recompense according to his bargain;
but they utterly denied to give it him.
He threatened them with revenge; they bade him do his worst,
whereupon he betakes him again to his pipe, and going thorow the
streets as before, was followed by a number of boys out of one
of the gates of the city, and coming to a little hill,
there opened in the side thereof a wide hole, into the which
himself and all the children did enter; and being entered,
the hill did close up again, and became as before. A boy,
that, being lame, came somewhat lagging behind the rest, seeing this
that happened, returned presently back, and told what he had seen;
forthwith began great lamentation among the parents for their children,
and the men were sent out with all diligence, both by land and by
water, to inquire if aught could be heard of them; but with all
the inquiry they could possibly use, nothing more than is aforesaid
could of thembe understood. And this great wonder happened
on the 22d day of July, in the year of our Lord 1376.>>
----------------------------------------------------------------
<<July 22: [R]at [C]atcher's Day [Rattenfänger] because in 1376
. the Pied Piper got rid of all the rats in Hamelin.>>
.
. July 22, 1376
______ +222
__ --------------
. July 22, 1598 _The Merchant of Venice_ registered
---------------------------------------------------------------
Death of the lord chamberlain Harry Carey: July 22, 1596
The Merchant of Venice registered: July 22, 1598
............................................................
July 22, 1607 (Greg.) "Edward Shakesbye the sonne of Edward"
baptized at St. LEONARD'S [during MARS/Sun conjunction]
.
<<In London [Shakespeare's younger brother Edmund] sired a [bastard]
son who was baptized at St. LEONARD'S parish in July 1607 and buried
a month later, at [St. GILES] Cripplegate, as 'Edward sonne of Edward
Shackspeere Player base borne'.>> - Shakespeare, a life_ by Honan
----------------------------------------------------------------
. Saint MAR(y) MA(gd)ALE(ne) : July 22 Feastday
. http://users.erols.com/saintpat/ss/0722.htm#mary
. 1st century; feast of her translation: May 4.
.............................................................
EMMA LA(z)AR(us) grew up in New York city & Newport, Rhode Island
. Emma was born on July 22, 1849, to Christianized Jews.
.
Her SONNET "The New Colossus" ("Give us your tired, your poor...")
. is engraved on a plaque at the Statue of Liberty.
------------------------------------------------------------------
<<On July 22, 1793, Mackenzie reached salt water at Bella Coola and
wrote his famous inscription, using grease and vermilion powder
which he has brought to trade to the Indians for use as face paint.
.
Captain George Vancouver in his great white ship had visited
the place and named it only two months before.>>
.
http://www.nelson.com/nelson/school/discovery/images/evenimag/1760181...
.
<<I now mixed up some vermilion in melted grease, and
inscribed in large characters on the South-East face of
the rock on which we had slept last night, this brief memorial -
.
"Alexander Mackenzie, from Canada, by land, the twenty-second
. of July, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-three.">>
----------------------------------------------------------
http://www.go.ednet.ns.ca/~larry/planets/occltlst.htm
.
. Occultation: Mercury Uranus July 21, 1793
.
+1793/07/21 05.38 0°00'00"88 MER - URA 3.10" 1.83" 24E
.
http://www.go.ednet.ns.ca/~larry/planets/1793occl.gif
------------------------------------------------------------------
Philip Neri was born in Florence, Italy, b. July 22, 1515;
. (Rat Catcher's Day)
.
. died in Rome, May 26, 1595;
canonized by Pope Gregory XV. Feastday May 26 (1622)
.
<<Of all the saints, Philip Neri was one of the happiest and most
original. Nature had endowed him with a rich and cheerful temperament
and he always saw the best side of things. He loved music and poetry
and was a skilled amateur psychologist. On one occasion, when a woman
confessed to him her love of gossip and spreading slander and scandal
and asked him how she could cure herself of the habit, he replied: "Go
to the nearest market-place, buy a chicken just killed, and pluck its
feathers all the way as you come back to me." Greatly astonished, she
did what he asked, and returned to him with the plucked chicken. "Now
go back," he said, "and bring me all the feathers you have scattered."
"But I cannot," she replied, "that is impossible. I cast the feathers
carelessly and the wind carried them away. How can I recover them?"
He answered: "You cannot. And that is exactly like your words of
scandal. They have been carried about in every direction.
You cannot recall them. Go and slander no more.">>
------------------------------------------------------------------
. Abraham de Moivre, HUGUENOT!
.
<<Many of the ideas of Leibniz & the Bernoulli brothers were given
wide circulation in 1696 in the first calculus textbook, Analyse des
infiniment petits pour l'intelligence des lignes courbes by G. F. A. de
l'Hôpital. "I have made free use of their discoveries, so that I frankly
return to them whatever they please to claim as their own." L'Hôpital's
book is best known for its rule about indeterminate forms of the type
0/0. After l'Hôpital's death John Bernoulli stated that much of the
content of the book, and in particular this rule, was his own property.
This minor mystery was cleared up in 1955 by the publication of the
correspondence between the two men. John Bernoulli was willing to tutor
l'Hôpital and in return for a yearly allowance agreed to sell him some
of his own discoveries. The rule for 0/0 is contained in a letter from
Bernoulli of July 22, 1694.>> -- _Calculus Gems_ by George Simmons
---------------------------------------------------------------------
July 22, 1099 Godfrey of Bouillon crowned King of Jerusalem
July 22, 1793 Alexander Mackenzie reaches Pacific
July 22, 1823, William Bartram buried in unmarked grave.
July 22, 1832 Napoleon II dies
July 22, 1932 John Meade Falkner dies
July 22, 1916 JAMES WHIT-COMB RILEY dies
-------------------------------------------------------
http://www.wilsonsalmanac.com/book/jul22.html
-------------------------------------------------------
1376* The Pied Piper came to Hamelin (Hameln), a town in Lower Saxony,
Germany, and led the children out of town. (Read the legend here.)
.
The story of the Pied Piper (Rattenfänger) of Hamelin was popularised
in German by the Brothers Grimm and in English by the poet Robert
Browning (1812 - 1889) in his narrative poem of that name.
.
It comes from an old German legend translated into English in 1605
by *Richard VERstEgan* , English publisher & antiquarian (c. 1548
- c. 1636), who gave this as the date in A Restitution of Decayed
Intelligence. (A 14th-Century account gives the date as June 26, 1284.)
The oldest remaining source is a note in Latin prose, made one
and a half centuries later (1430 - 1450) as an addition
to a 14th-Century manuscript from Lüneburg.
.
The stranger, dressed in pied, or multicoloured, clothing, offered to
rid the town of Hamelin of its plague of rats, for an agreed price.
He played his pipe and the rats followed his beguiling tune down to
the Weser River, all drowning. The burghers of Hamelin refused to pay
the piper, so in revenge he began piping his charming song and the
town's children, entranced, followed him to a mountain cave,
which as if by magic sealed itself shut.
-------------------------------------------------------
The historical record
.
There are historical records of a stained glass window in the church of
Hamelin that dates from before 1300, depicting the children's exodus.
Unfortunately, the picture has been missing since the window was
replaced around 1660. A rhyme appeared with this window, reporting that
a piper dressed in many colours led 130 children away from Hamelin.
.
We do know that something remarkable happened in medieval Hamelin that
changed the town forever. Somehow, 130 of the town's children were
taken away, and the grief imprinted itself on the village's soul,
enough for the town church to have a stained-glass window installed
that showed many children being led away by a person unknown.
.
One Decan Lude of Hamelin was reported around 1384 to have in his
possession a chorus book containing a Latin verse giving an
eyewitness account of the event. The verse was reportedly
written by his grandmother, but, unfortunately, the chorus book
is believed to have been lost since the late 17th century.
.
Pied Piper theories
.
Many people have proposed explanations for the famous legend. Perhaps
the most likely is that the Bishop Bruno of Olmütz (now Olomouc) went
on a Crusade recruitment drive - perhaps a Children's Crusade - in
his diocese. Many family names in Olomouc bear a strikingly similarity
to those in Hamelin, so a pilgrimage or military campaign
might be the basis of the legend.
.
It has also been suggested that Hamelin's children, or some of them,
were victims of an accident, perhaps either drowning in the
Weser or being buried in a landslide ...
---------------------------------------------------------------
Güyük Khan (c. 1206 - 1248), Mongol leader,
demanding the homage of Pope Innocent IV, July 22, 1246
.
The wild man, Homo ferus, does not fit into any definitive category in
eighteenth-century thought: for some he is a separate genus of mankind
or a monster; for others he is a model of uncorrupted nature, an
archetypal primitive. Just as the illustrators of the Encyclopédie
gave delirious dimensions to ordinary objects, Enlightenment writers
turned children found in the wild into the basis of zoological
taxonomies, tales of sin and redemption, schemas of primitive
society, or proof of human degradation.
.
Julia Douthwaite, Homo ferus: Between Monster and Model;
Peter the Wild Boy first appeared on July 22, 1724
.
William Spooner, born on July 22, 1844;
announcing a hymn in New College Chapel, 1879
.
Let us drink to the queer old Dean.
William Spooner; attrib.
.
Sir, you have tasted two whole worms, you have hissed all of
my mystery lectures and have been caught fighting a liar
in the quad; you will leave by the next town drain.
William Spooner; attrib.
.
... half-warmed fish.
William Spooner; attrib.
.
You will find as you grow older that the weight of rages
will press harder and harder on the employer.
William Spooner; attrib.
.
I remember your name perfectly, but I just can't think of your face.
William Spooner; attrib.
.
I think best in wire.
Alexander Calder, American sculptor, born on July 22, 1899
-----------------------------------------------------
English traditional expression, alluding to rain on this day
(St Mary Magdalene's Day). Mid-July rain is common in England.
.
... you must come yourself at the head of all your kings and prove to
Us your fealty and allegiance, And if you disregard the command of
God & disobey Our instructions, We shall look up on you as Our enemy.
Whoever recognizes and submits to the Son of Gods and Lord of the
World, refuses submission will be wiped out.
--------------------------------------------------
Feast day of St Mary Magdalene (Magdalen)
.
(African lily, Agapanthus umbellatus,
is today's plant, dedicated to this saint.)
.
Mary Magdalene is mentioned in Luke 8:3 as one of the women
who "ministered to Christ of their substance". Luke tells
that out of Mary were cast seven demons, an exorcism.
.
Early tradition identified as Mary Magdalene
the unidentified woman who was a sinner in Luke 7:36-50:
.
" 37 And, behold, a woman in the city, which was a sinner,
when she knew that Jesus sat at meat in the Pharisee's house,
brought an alabaster box of ointment,
.
38 And stood at his feet behind him weeping, and began to wash
his feet with tears, and did wipe them with the hairs of her head,
and kissed his feet, and anointed them with the ointment."
.
The Gospel of Mary (a Gnostic gospel, a found in the Akhmim Codex,
a text acquired by Dr Carl Reinhardt in Cairo in 1896
- see also the Nag Hammadi Library found in 1948)
says the two Marys - virgin and harlot are one and the same.
Nonetheless, the Christian Church generally rejects this,
and even the idea that Mary was "the woman who was a sinner",
or that she was unchaste, is rejected by most Protestants.
............................................
Mary Magdalene and France
.
A medieval legend connected with her name represents her as ending her
days in France. It is said that, after the crucifixion of Jesus, she,
in company with the Virgin Mary and Mary Salome, being persecuted by
the Jews, set sail on the Mediterranean in a leaky boat, & after a
miraculous deliverance, landed in the south of Gaul. There, the party
separated, the Magdalen retired to St Baume near Marseille, to spend
the remainder of her days in penitence and prayer; and in that
retreat, "in the odour of sanctity" (Robert Chambers), she died.
.
Saint Louis, King of France, was present at Vezelai when the supposed
body of this Biblical saint was placed in a shrine.
.
However, after this, Provence disputed the possession of Mary
Magdalene's relics. Their tradition was that St Maximin, Bishop of
Aix, had buried her at La Baume. Charlews, Prince of Salerno,
commenced a search for the body and was happy to find it.
A delicious odour spread through the chapel; from the tongue
grew fennel, which divided into several bits. Or, so it is said.
.
Mary Magdalene is a Roman Catholic saint whose relics at Saint-Maximin
were the occasion for such throngs of pilgrims that the great Basilica
was erected from the mid-13th Century, one of the finest Gothic (see
illustration) churches in the south of France. Though her bones were
scattered at the French Revolution, her head remains in her shrine in
a cave at La Sainte-Baume, although another holds that she died in
Ephesus and was buried in Constantinople.
.
The Magdalene became a symbol of repentance for the vanities of
the world, and Mary Magdalene was the patron of Magdalene College,
Cambridge (pronounced "maudlin" as in weepy penitents).
Unfortunately her name was also used for the infamous
Magdalen Asylums in Ireland where supposedly
fallen women were treated as slaves.
----------------------------------------------------
Easter egg tradition
.
One fairly modern, quite extra-biblical tradition concerning Mary
Magdalene says that she was a woman of some wealth and social status.
Following Jesus Christ's death and resurrection, she used her position
to gain an invitation to a banquet given by Emperor Tiberius Caesar.
When she met him, she held a plain egg in her hand and exclaimed
"Christ is risen!" Caesar laughed, and said that Christ rising from
the dead was as likely as the egg in her hand turning red while she
held it. Before he finished speaking, the egg in her hand turned a
bright red, and she continued proclaiming the Gospel to
the entire imperial house.
.
Today, many Eastern Orthodox Christians end the Easter service by
sharing bright red eggs and proclaiming to each other, "Christ is
risen!" The eggs represent new life, and Christ bursting forth
from the tomb. This began one tradition of colouring Easter eggs.
--------------------------------------------------
Wife of Jesus?
.
Some modern writers, notably the authors of the 1982 Holy Blood, Holy
Grail*, and Dan Brown's The Da Vinci Code*, hold that Mary Magdalene
was
in fact the wife of Jesus, a fact which was omitted by Pauline
Christian
revisionists and editors of the Gospels. These writers cite
extra-biblical and Gnostic writings to support their argument. While
sources like the Gospel of Philip depict Mary Magdalene as being closer
to Jesus than any other disciple, there is no ancient document which
claims she was his wife.
.
Her patronage includes the contemplative life, contemplatives,
converts,
druggists, glove makers, hairdressers, penitent sinners, penitent
women,
people ridiculed for their piety, perfumers, pharmacists, reformed
prostitutes, sexual temptation, tanners and women.
.
In England, the roses of summer are said to fade about now.
---------------------------------------
Feast day of St Alberic Crescitelli
Feast day of St Augustine Fangi
Feast day of St Dabius or Davius, of Ireland
Feast day of St John Lloyd
Feast day of St Joseph of Palestine, called Count Joseph
Feast day of St Meneve, Abbot of Menat
Feast day of St Plato
Feast day of St Praxides
Feast day of St Vandrille (Wandrille; Wandregisilus),
---------------------------------------
Pi Approximation Day
---------------------------------------
1478 Philip I, (Philip the Handsome; d. September 25, 1506).
King of Spain, son of the Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I,
husband of Joanna the Mad (1479 - 1555), queen of Castile
.
1519 Pope Innocent IX (d. 1591)
.
1784 Friedrich Bessel, mathematician
.
1822 Gregor Mendel (d. 1884), Austrian monk & pioneer of genetics
.
1844 William Archibald Spooner (d. August 29, 1930), Anglican
clergyman, Warden (1903-24) of New College, Oxford, & legendary
accidental creator of the spoonerism, a twisted figure of speech.
Only the "Kinquering Congs" spoonerism is said to really be one
of his. The others have been invented (see at head of this page).
.
According to the February 1995 edition of Reader's Digest,
Spooner was an albino, small, with a pink face, poor eyesight,
and a head too large for his body. His reputation was that
of a genial, kindly, hospitable man.
.
Spooner seems to have been something of an absent-minded professor.
He once invited a faculty member to tea
"to welcome our new archaeology Fellow."
.
"But, sir," the man replied, "I am our new archaeology Fellow."
.
"Never mind," Spooner said, "Come all the same."
.
Goonerisms Spalore! Who was Dr Spooner of "spoonerism" fame?
. The 'Brief History of The College'
.
1849 Emma Lazarus, poet
.
1882 Edward Hopper (d. 1967), painter
.
1887 Gustav Ludwig Hertz, quantum physicist,
recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics 1925 (d. 1975)
.
1888 Selman Waksman, Russian-born microbiologist, winner of
the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, whose work
led to the discovery of actinomycin and streptomycin
.
1890 Rose Kennedy (d. 1995), mother of President John F Kennedy
.
1893 James Whale (d. 1957), film director
.
1894 Oskar Maria Graf (d. 1967), writer
.
1898 Stephen Vincent Benét (d. 1943), American poet & short story
writer
.
1898 Alexander Calder (d. 1976), American sculptor
.
"Born on July 22, 1899, in Lawnton, Pennsylvania, Calder
revolutionized
sculpture with his unique wire structures and mobiles - objects
hanging
from wires in midair. Before Calder, no one had created this type of
art. The child of a well-known painter and sculptor, he started his
career as a mechanical engineer and worked in that field for several
years. In 1923, he began taking drawing lessons and eventually became
a commercial artist covering prize fights and the circus for the
National Police Gazette. In 1926 he moved to Paris, and in
the winter of 1931-32, Calder made his first mobile."
.
1908 Amy Vanderbilt, American author on etiquette
.
1922 Dan Rowan, best known for hosting the 1960s hit comedy
TV show, Laugh-In, where he played straight man to Dick Martin
.
1923 Bob Dole, former US Senator from Kansas.
.
1924 Margaret Whiting, singer
.
1932 Oscar De la Renta, fashion designer
.
1939 Terence Stamp, actor (Oscar: Billy Budd)
.
1940 Alex Trebek, game show host
.
1947 Albert Brooks, comedian
.
1947 Danny Glover, actor
.
1947 Don Henley, drummer, Texas-born founder of Eagles.
.
1955 William Dafoe, American actor
-------------------------------------------
1099 Godfrey of Bouillon was elected first Defender
of the Holy Sepulchre of the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
.
1246 Güyük Khan (c. 1206 - 1248), Mongol leader, demanded the
homage of the Roman Catholic Pope (Innocent IV); Khan's letter
of demand was delivered in November of that year.
.
1298 Battle of Falkirk - Edward I (Longshanks) of England
and his longbowmen defeated William Wallace and
his Scottish schiltrons outside the town.
.
1587 Colony of Roanoke: A second group of English settlers arrived on
Roanoke Island off North Carolina to re-establish the deserted colony.
.
1645 Death of Gaspar de Guzman, Count of Olivares, Duke of San Lucar.
.
1676 Death of Pope Clement X.
.
1724 Weird stuff from Hamelin again. A naked, animal-like boy of about
twelve was captured in the woods near Hamelin, Germany. He was sent to
Hertfordshire, England and lived till about 72 years of age. He was
always known as Peter the Wild Boy (or, Wild Peter) and wore a brass
collar inscribed to that effect.
.
1793 Alexander Mackenzie reached the Pacific Ocean, becoming the first
Euro-American to complete a transcontinental crossing north of Mexico.
.
1796 Surveyors of the Connecticut Land Company named an area in Ohio
'Cleveland' after Gen. Moses Cleaveland, the superintendent of the
surveying party.
.
1812 Peninsular War: British forces led by Arthur Wellesley (later
Duke of Wellington) defeated French troops near Salamanca in Spain.
.
1832 Death of Napoleon II of France.
.
1861 The First Battle of Bull Run, the first major engagement in the
American Civil War, in which the Union forces under General Irvin
McDowell were defeated.
.
1864 American Civil War: Battle of Atlanta - Outside Atlanta,
Georgia,
Confederate General John Bell Hood led an unsuccessful attack on Union
troops under General William T Sherman on Bald Hill.
.
1870 Death of Josef Strauss, Austrian composer.
.
1883 Australian utopian labor leader William Lane "married Annie
Mary Errington Macguire at Algonac, Michigan; they were to have
eight daughters and three sons." Source
.
1916 Death of James Whitcomb Riley, probable source
of the expression 'the life of Riley'.
.
James Whitcomb Riley, American poet, was born in 1849 in Greenfield,
Indiana. He wrote poems about lazy summer days and idleness. He was
popular in his day and even appeared with Mark Twain at Carnegie Hall.
He was the creator of the character little Orphan Annie. He was elected
to the Academy of Arts and Letters and received the gold Medal for
Poetry in 1912.
.
1933 Wiley Post became first person to fly solo around the world,
travelling 15,596 miles in 7 days, 18 hours and 45 minutes,
bettering his own record of two years before.
His historic round-the-world solo flight slashed 21 hours off
the previous record of eight days, 15 hours and 51 minutes.
.
1934 USA: Outside Chicago, Illinois's Biograph Theatre, 'Public
Enemy No. 1', John Dillinger, was mortally wounded by FBI agents.
.
1937 New Deal: The United States Senate voted down President
Franklin D Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to
the Supreme Court of the United States.
.
1942 Holocaust: The systematic deportation of Jews
from the Warsaw Ghetto began.
.
1946 King David Hotel bombing: Zionist terrorist group Irgun bombed
the King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British civil
and military administration, killing 91 people, 17 of them Jewish.
.
1962 Mariner program: The Mariner 1 spacecraft flew erratically
several minutes after launch and had to be destroyed.
.
1968 Bones found at Lake Mungo in NSW, Australia were found to be
those of an aborigine who lived and died in the area at least 25,000
years ago. The discovery pushed back the known date of human
occupation of this continent.
.
1969 Juan Carlos of Spain was named as Francisco Franco's heir
as head of State and future King of Spain. The 31-year-old
prince was grandson of King Alfonso XIII.
.
1969 Apollo 11 lifted off from the Moon.
-------------------------------------------
Art Neuendorffer