few test
#i already have an instance name instance-1 in us-central1-a zone
#default config so i don't have to set --zone evry time
#gcloud config set compute/region us-central1
gcloud config set compute/zone us-central1-a
#create disk my-ro-disk
gcloud compute disks create my-ro-disk --size 10GB
#attach disk my-ro-disk in read write mode
gcloud compute instances attach-disk instance-1 --disk my-ro-disk --device-name ro-disk
#SSH to instance-1
gcloud compute ssh instance-1
# /!\ Prepare and FORMAT!!! disk for the first time, all data will be lost!
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo mkfs.ext4 -F /dev/disk/by-id/google-ro-disk
#Mount disk && create some content
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo mkdir /mnt/ro-disk
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo mount /dev/disk/by-id/google-ro-disk /mnt/ro-disk/
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo chmod 777 /mnt/ro-disk
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ echo "Hello" > /mnt/ro-disk/hello.txt
#Unmount disk
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo umount /dev/disk/by-id/google-ro-disk
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ exit
#Switch mode from rw to ro
gcloud compute instances detach-disk instance-1 --disk my-ro-disk
gcloud compute instances attach-disk instance-1 --disk my-ro-disk --device-name ro-disk --mode ro
#create new instance : instance-2
gcloud compute instances create instance-2 --machine-type f1-micro --image debian-8
#Attach disk in ro mode
gcloud compute instances attach-disk instance-2 --disk my-ro-disk --device-name ro-disk --mode ro
#SSH to instance-1 then Mount disk && check content
gcloud compute ssh instance-1
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo mount /dev/disk/by-id/google-ro-disk /mnt/ro-disk/
mount: /dev/sdb is write-protected, mounting read-only
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ cat /mnt/ro-disk/hello.txt
Hello
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ exit
#SSH to instance-2 then Mount disk && check content
gcloud compute ssh instance-2
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo mkdir /mnt/ro-disk
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo mount /dev/disk/by-id/google-ro-disk /mnt/ro-disk/
mount: /dev/sdb is write-protected, mounting read-only
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ sudo chmod 777 /mnt/ro-disk
chmod: changing permissions of ‘/mnt/ro-disk’: Read-only file system
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ cat /mnt/ro-disk/hello.txt
Hello
kammoun.o@instance-1:~$ exit