It is absolutely compatible.
For their large-scale, shared data, even functional languages use mutable data structures. Erlang has ets; Clojure has refs.
Galaxy is meant to be used as the application's central data repository, to be read and written by many threads hosted on many machines, and is therefore – like ets and refs – mutable.
Like Clojure's refs, Galaxy's items are modified within transactions, so it might be a good idea to implement distributed Clojure refs with Galaxy.
Ron