There is Sensor Observation Services(SOS) standard defined by Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) 1,2. As sensors are gathering weather/AQ data, SOS gives set of web interface to define sensor metadata(sensor capability, parameters monitored, time interval, units etc), data query (standard API form), add or remove sensors in the network which can be used to share the data in web. Other than this, its metadata specification enhances the interoperability of data much needed for using the data for societal/scientific requirement such as taking decision using the data. Moreover SOS is a part of OGC’s sensor web enablement specification, the standard directed for ‘internet of things’ and intended to play much larger role in spatial data infrastructure. We can compare the service as similar to web mapping service and other geospatial data standards which enables extended usage of volunteered geographical information systems and its product such as Open Street map.
SOS implementation in Python and JAVA are available in FOSS mode.