sarve'tra sukhina.h santu
Nabanarayan Bandyopadhyay
Dear scholars, Kindly enlighten us about the source of the following oft-quoted shloka: sarve''tra sukhina.h santu sarve santu niraamayaa.h / sarve bhadraa.ni pashyantu maa kashcid du.hkham aapnuyaat (/du.hkhabhaag bhavet) // Nabanarayan Bandyopadhyay Professor and Director School of Vedic Studies Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata 700 050 |
Ashok Aklujkar
Aklujkar, Ashok.2005. "Good sayings fall on critical ears: reflections on subhaa.sitas (part 2)." In Encyclopedia of Indian Wisdom: Professor Satya Vrat Shastri Felicitation Volume, pp. 839-848. (ed) Sharma, Ram Karan. New Delhi: Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan.
The following verse, for example, might have been written to imprint on student minds that sarve is a nominative plural, not a locative singular. (Note that I am not asserting that such indeed was the case, for who can conclusively establish that such and such thing did not exist before a certain time? -- the usual epistemological problem of proving abhaava)
Surendra Mohan Mishra
The origin of the verse is so far not traced.the first quarter has a variant as 'sarve bhavantu sukhinah'.This may be a floating verse of old times,I found this in use by the Buddhists and Jainas also.If this is there before Kalidasa then he must have taken a cue from this in his following Bharatavaakya :
sarvastaratu durgaaNi sarvo bhadraaNi pashyatu /
sarvah kaamaan avaapnotu sarvah sarvatra nandatu //
However someone may tell us where this verse is first located in our literature.
Regards,
SM
--
अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)
--
*****
Surendramohan Mishra
Dept of Sanskrit,Pali & Prakrit
Faculty of Indic Studies,Kurukshetra University
KURUKSHETRA-136 119,Haryana,INDIA
Tel : (Off.)01744 238410(extn.)2504
(Mob.)098960 86579;(Res.)01744-238567
Blogs : http://surendrashastram.blogspot.com
http://surendra-shaastram.blogspot.com
Jagannatha S
सर्वेपि सुखिनः सन्तु सर्वे सन्तु निरामयाः।सर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु मा
कश्चिद् दुःखभाग् भवेत् इति श्लोकः रामायणपारायणसमाप्त्यनन्तरम् अवश्यं
पाठ्यानां ध्यानश्लोकानाम् अन्यतमः।।रामायणपारायणसंप्रदायस्य
प्राचीनत्वात् अयं श्लोकोपि प्राचीन एवेति प्रतिभाति।एष श्लोको बहुषु
रामायणसंस्करणेषु मुद्रित उपलभ्यते। भवद्भिः दर्शितात् पाठाद् भिन्नः
पाठोत्र वर्तत इति तु विषयान्तरम्।
एस्.जगन्नाथः
On 6 June, 08:29, Surendra Mohan Mishra
<dr.surendramohanmishra....@gmail.com> wrote:
> Prof. Aklujkar's conjecture may not be feasible as 'sarve' in the verse is
> clearly in nominative plural.To be in locative singular the word may have to
> denote Shiva or VishNu.
> The origin of the verse is so far not traced.the first quarter has a variant
> as 'sarve bhavantu sukhinah'.This may be a floating verse of old times,I
> found this in use by the Buddhists and Jainas also.If this is there before
> Kalidasa then he must have taken a cue from this in his following
> Bharatavaakya :
> sarvastaratu durgaaNi sarvo bhadraaNi pashyatu /
> sarvah kaamaan avaapnotu sarvah sarvatra nandatu //
> However someone may tell us where this verse is first located in our
> literature.
> Regards,
> SM
>
> 2010/6/5 Ashok Aklujkar <ashok.akluj...@ubc.ca>
>
>
>
>
>
> > We have to bear in mind the possibility that several "subhaa.sitas" were
> > written relatively recently by modern Sanskritists, some of them for
> > illustrating grammar in books meant for teaching Sanskrit; see:
>
> > Aklujkar, Ashok. 2005. "Good sayings fall on critical ears: reflections on
> > subhaa.sitas (part 1)." In *Avani;srii.h, Professor Avanindra Kumar
> > Felicitation Volume*, pp. 178-186. (eds) Chaturvedi, Mithilesh et al.
> > Delhi: Vidyanilayam.
>
> > Aklujkar, Ashok.2005. "Good sayings fall on critical ears: reflections on
> > subhaa.sitas (part 2)." In *Encyclopedia of Indian Wisdom: Professor Satya
> > Vrat Shastri Felicitation Volume*, pp. 839-848. (ed) Sharma, Ram Karan.
> > New Delhi: Bharatiya Vidya Prakashan.
>
> > The following verse, for example, might have been written to imprint on
> > student minds that sarve is a nominative plural, not a locative singular.
> > (Note that I am not asserting that such indeed was the case, for who can
> > conclusively establish that such and such thing did not exist before a
> > certain time? -- the usual epistemological problem of proving abhaava)
>
> > On 2010-05-29, at 9:56 AM, Nabanarayan Bandyopadhyay wrote:
>
> > Kindly enlighten us about the source of the following oft-quoted shloka:
>
> > sarve''tra sukhina.h santu sarve santu niraamayaa.h /
>
> > *sarve bhadraa.ni pashyantu maa kashcid du.hkham aapnuyaat (/du.hkhabhaag
> > bhavet) *//
>
> > --
> > अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
> > ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
> > तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
> > निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)
>
> --
> *****
> Surendramohan Mishra
> Dept of Sanskrit,Pali & Prakrit
> Faculty of Indic Studies,Kurukshetra University
> KURUKSHETRA-136 119,Haryana,INDIA
> Tel : (Off.)01744 238410(extn.)2504
> (Mob.)098960 86579;(Res.)01744-238567
> Blogs :http://surendrashastram.blogspot.com
> http://surendra-shaastram.blogspot.com- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -
Ashok Aklujkar
I enjoy your contributions, especially the ones in Skt.
On 2010-06-05, at 8:29 PM, Surendra Mohan Mishra wrote:
> Prof. Aklujkar's conjecture may not be feasible as 'sarve' in the verse is clearly in nominative plural.
That sarve is a nom. pl. in the verse is in fact what I have said. The verse's *purpose* might have been to ensure that beginners in Skt do not make the mistake of taking sarve as a loc. sg. But other purposes are also possible. Having similarly structured paadas is a feature found also in old Epic and Puraa.nic verses.
> I found this [verse] in use by the Buddhists and Jainas also. If this is there before Kalidasa then he must have taken a cue from this in his following Bharatavaakya :
> sarvastaratu durgaaNi sarvo bhadraaNi pashyatu /
> sarvah kaamaan avaapnotu sarvah sarvatra nandatu //
> However someone may tell us where this verse is first located in our literature.
The remark gives the impression that you have seen the verse in some old Buddhist or Jaina work. If that is the case, pl give the details of the work as far as you can remember or confirm them.
In which work attributed to Kaalidaasa the verse you quote is found as a bharata-vaakya?
When you use the phrase "our literature," do you mean to exclude Buddhist and Jaina literature?
The other post of this morning, the one by Dr. Jagannatha, takes our search a little further by locating the verse in the dhyaana-;slokas to be recited after completing a Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na. The questions that arise then are: (a) What is the oldest confirmation of the existence of the custom of Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na. (b) How far back in time do the dhyaana-;slokas go? (c) Which is the earliest version of the dhyaana-;slokas that has the particular verse we are tracing?
There are many verses in Skt which have noble thoughts of the type we find in sarve 'tra sukhina.h santu / sarve bhavantu sukhina.h ... In fact, this is one of the many reasons why I value Skt so much. However, our present search is not for parallels, but for a verse that is identical with or almost entirely the same as the sarve 'tra ... verse and is found in a reasonably old, pre-modern work.
;subham astu.
a.a.
Surendra Mohan Mishra
Thanks for your kind compliments and the further query.
1)As per your observation it could be so construed to suit this mode of language teaching.The pity is that we have somewhat if not fully lost touch with the idiomatic use of Sanskrit as a lingua franca.This use of the word 'sarva' in the nom. pl. connected with'santu' or 'bhavantu' points to the fact for a child learner that its not a case of use in loc. and that 'sarvaadiini' would be the correct word in loc.(sarvaadiini sarvanaamaani).
2)The verse 'sarvas taratu..' etc. is the last bharatavaakya in the Vikramorvashiiyam at 5.25.
3) Add. to Dr Jagannatha's point that the verse is a part of the chantings at the end of traditional RAmAyaNapATha,
I remember that in VishNuyaaga(smaarta),daily and at the end,among the host of shlokas chanted as invocation,this verse is very prominent.In that context this verse is followed by 'svasti prajaabhyah paripaalayantu' etc.
4)As per the origin of RAmAyana pArAyaNa,if the UttarakaanDa is to be believed then the tradition should be as old as the epic.
5)In Jaina and Buddhist traditions,this verse is chanted in much similar a way as with the Hindus.But an exact ref. of the first occurence of it has to be looked at.
6)By 'our literature' I mean Sanskrit lit. which is too profound to be fathomed and too great in expansion of ideas to exclude any religion or culture from it's scope.Not that other literature have not contributed significantly,but here alone one could see justification for what Bhartrihari said : prajNaa vivekam labhate bhinnair aagamadarshanaih.
saprashraya-bahumaanam,
सुरेन्द्रमोहनमिश्र:
--
अथ चेत्त्वमिमं धर्म्यं संग्रामं न करिष्यसि।
ततः स्वधर्मं कीर्तिं च हित्वा पापमवाप्स्यसि।।
तस्मादुत्तिष्ठ कौन्तेय युद्धाय कृतनिश्चयः।
निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः।। (भ.गी.)
Ashok Aklujkar
On 2010-06-06, at 4:16 AM, Surendra Mohan Mishra wrote:
> 1)...'sarvaadiini' would be the correct word in loc.(sarvaadiini sarvanaamaani).
Did you intend to write, 'sarvasmin would be the correct word ...'?
> 2)The verse 'sarvas taratu..' etc. is the last bharatavaakya in the Vikramorvashiiyam at 5.25.
One can be certain that this is not Kaalidaasa's composition. It is probably a manuscript copyist's composition or citation that got attached to the main text in *some* Vikramorvashiiya mss. The critical edn by H.D. Velankar (New Delhi: Sahitya Akdemi, 1961) does not include it in the main text. Reva Prasad Dwivedi's edn in his Kaalidaasa-granthaavali, based on a large number of mss, puts it in rectangular parentheses indicating its doubtful standing. I have not come across any other play that genuinely contains more than one bharata-vaakya verse. Besides these objective reasons, the following reasons are also quite weighty in the present case, although they are somewhat subjective in nature: Despite its noble thought, the verse sarve 'tra sukhina.h is quite pedestrian in its wording. There is not even a small element of camatk.rti in it. It is unlikely that Kaalidaasa wrote it. It is even more unlikely that he would place it after the distinctive paraspara-virodhinyor eka-sa.m;sraya-durlabham / sa.mgata.m ;srii-sarasvatyor bhuutaye 'stu sadaa sataam //
The progress we have so far made in the present discussion, therefore, is that the verse sarve 'tra sukhina.h ... follows the pattern of older verses -- that it has a noble tradition (including the more specific svasti prajaabhyah paripaalayantaam verse) behind it, but we still do not know when it itself was composed.
> 4)As per the origin of RAmAyana pArAyaNa,if the UttarakaanDa is to be believed then the tradition should be as old as the epic.
The Uttara-kaa.n.da was probably in place (probably in a shorter form) by A;sva-gho.sa's time (not later than 1st century A.D.). However, this does not necessarily mean that the tradition of Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na is that old or that the present text recited at the end of a Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na is about 2,000 years old. We need separate evidence (which may not be there) to establish the antiquity of the latter two.
I would expect the verses recited at the end of a Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na session to be connected with the phala-;sruti verses found at the end of Raamaaya.na/Uttara-kaa.n.daa mss. In the Baroda critical edn of the Raamaaya.na (vol VII, pp. 532-547), many such verses are given. Our sarve 'tra sukhina.h does not figure in them. More importantly, the phala-;sruti passages show considerable variation, indicating that they did not have a common origin and were regional developments (probably/mostly late in origin). The same is likely to be the case of verses concluding a Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na.
It may be helpful if Dr. Jagannatha would give the full text of the Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na. concluding verses he knows and Dr. Surendra Mohan Mishra gives the full text of the VishNuyaaga(smaarta) verses.
a.a.
Rajendran C
Thank you for your very sober arguments
Rajendran
Professor of Sanskrit University of Calicut
Calicut University P.O
Kerala 673 635 Phone: 0494-2401144
Residential address:28/1097,Rajadhani Kumaran Nair Road,
Chevayur, Calicut Kerala 673 017 Phone: 0495-2354 624
From: Ashok Aklujkar <ashok.a...@ubc.ca>
To: bvpar...@googlegroups.com
Sent: Sun, June 6, 2010 10:55:17 PM
Subject: Re: {भारतीयविद्वत्परिषत्} sarve'tra sukhina.h santu
Jagannatha S
सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः सर्व इति श्लोक एष नान्यतमः।।
क्षन्तव्योनवधानात् कृतप्रमादः कृपालुकृतिभिरहम्।
आशीर्गर्भैर्ध्यानश्लोकैर्भ्रान्तिर्ममाभवत् सहसा।।
इति विनयावनतो जगन्नाथः
On 7 June, 08:57, Rajendran C <craje...@yahoo.com> wrote:
> Dear Professor Aklujkar,
> Thank you for your very sober arguments
> Rajendran
>
> Dr.C.Rajendranwww.crajendran.com
> Professor of Sanskrit University of Calicut
> Calicut University P.O
> Kerala 673 635 Phone: 0494-2401144
> Residential address:28/1097,Rajadhani Kumaran Nair Road,
> Chevayur, Calicut Kerala 673 017 Phone: 0495-2354 624
>
> ________________________________
> From: Ashok Aklujkar <ashok.akluj...@ubc.ca>
Ashok Aklujkar
"Despite its noble thought, the verse sarvas taratu durgaa.ni is quite pedestrian in its wording."
a.a.
Surendra Mohan Mishra
From: Surendra Mohan Mishra <dr.surendramo...@gmail.com>
Date: 2010/6/7
Subject: Fwd: {भारतीयविद्वत्परिषत्} sarve'tra sukhina.h santu
To: भारतीयविद्वत्परिषत् <bvpar...@googlegroups.com>
> 1)...'sarvaadiini' would be the correct word in loc.(sarvaadiini sarvanaamaani).
Did you intend to write, 'sarvasmin would be the correct word ...'?
> 2)The verse 'sarvas taratu..' etc. is the last bharatavaakya in the Vikramorvashiiyam at 5.25.
Its a fact that in the other two dramatic compositions Kalidasa composes only a single verse as the Bharatavaakya,but here he appears to have placed two.One may not know if it formed part of the post-colophon of some scribe that somehow gained access into the main text.But this conjecture also has to be proved through a fresh look at the mss transmission.}
The progress we have so far made in the present discussion, therefore, is that the verse sarve 'tra sukhina.h ... follows the pattern of older verses -- that it has a noble tradition (including the more specific svasti prajaabhyah paripaalayantaam verse) behind it, but we still do not know when it itself was composed.
> 4)As per the origin of RAmAyana pArAyaNa,if the UttarakaanDa is to be believed then the tradition should be as old as the epic.
I would expect the verses recited at the end of a Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na session to be connected with the phala-;sruti verses found at the end of Raamaaya.na/Uttara-kaa.n.daa mss. In the Baroda critical edn of the Raamaaya.na (vol VII, pp. 532-547), many such verses are given. Our sarve 'tra sukhina.h does not figure in them. More importantly, the phala-;sruti passages show considerable variation, indicating that they did not have a common origin and were regional developments (probably/mostly late in origin). The same is likely to be the case of verses concluding a Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na.
It may be helpful if Dr. Jagannatha would give the full text of the Raamaaya.na-paaraaya.na. concluding verses he knows and Dr. Surendra Mohan Mishra gives the full text of the VishNuyaaga(smaarta) verses.
sarve bhavantu sukhinah sarve santu niraamayaah /
svasti prajaabhyah paripaalayantaam nyaayena maargena mahiim mahiishaah /
gobraahmanebhyah shubham astu nityam lokaah samastaah sukhino bhavantu //
kaale varsahtu parjanyah prithivii shasyashaalinii /
desho'yam kshobharahito braahmanaah santu nirbhayaah //
aputraah putrinah santu putrinah santu pautrinah /
adhanaah sadhanaah santu jiivantu sharadaam shatam //
caturbhish ca caturbhish ca dvaabhyaam pancabhir eva ca /
huuyate ca punar dvaabhyaam tasmai yajnaatmane namah // }
regards,
s m mishra
hn bhat
---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Surendra Mohan Mishra <dr.surendramo...@gmail.com>
Date: 2010/6/7
Subject: Fwd: {भारतीयविद्वत्परिषत्} sarve'tra sukhina.h santu
To: भारतीयविद्वत्परिषत् <bvpar...@googlegroups.com>
On 2010-06-06, at 4:16 AM, Surendra Mohan Mishra wrote:
> 1)...'sarvaadiini' would be the correct word in loc.(sarvaadiini sarvanaamaani).
lso
--
Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R.
EFEO,
PONDICHERRY
Surendra Mohan Mishra
But in Br.Up.the verse 'sarve bhavantu' etc. could only be an interpolation in the printed text wherein as you said you located this.
Regards,
S M Mishra
