New and Improved Zobovor wrote:
> We don't really know which price points these figures include
> (it would take a lot more Mini Autobots to hit those sales
> figures than, say, Omega Supremes) but it's still a fair estimate.
That's exactly right about the minibots skewing the numbers. I came to that conclusion after trying to figure out how many of each assortment were ordered in 1984. They had move much greater amounts of the cases with dozens of toys relative to the cases with only 6 (like Optimus and Megatron) in order to get in the 10 million units range.
I know it's crazy and probably wrong but I came up with very rough estimates of how many of each robot were made. This is what I did.
First I took the numbers from a 1984 Hasbro worksheet that I believe tells me the wholesale costs and units per case for each assortment available that year (at least initially-Jetfire and Shockwave are of course missing). Then I multiplied unit price by case quantity to see how much one case of each assortment cost. Those numbers look like this:
5700 Autobot Minicar Assortment
24 per case * $1.99 per unit = $47.76 for 1 case of minicars
5730 Decepticon Cassette Two-Pack Asst.
24 per case * $3.99 per unit = $95.76 for 1 case of cassettes
5750 Autobot Car Assortment
12 per case * $6.99 per unit = $83.88 for 1 case of deluxe cars
5780 Decepticon Plane Assortment
12 per case * $8.49 per unit = $101.88 for 1 case of planes
5790 Decepticon Communicator
6 per case * $10.99 per unit = $65.94 for 1 case of Soundwaves
5793 Decepticon Leader (Gun)
6 per case * $15.99 per unit = $65.94 for 1 case of Megatrons
5796 Autobot Commander (Tractor Trailer)
6 per case * $15.99 per unit = $65.94 for 1 case of Optimus Primes
Next what I do is add all these up to get an idea of what an order for one case of each assortment would cost. Just imagine a store decided they wanted one case of everything. ASSUMING this is what every store did, this gives me an imaginary median order where the distribution of all cases is equal. So in my scenario, for every minicar case ordered there's a case of Optimus Primes and a case of Soundwaves, etc, etc. Every assortment is ordered in equal numbers. (This is definitely not what happened in real life as some smaller stores may not have ordered anything more expensive than the Autobot cars while others ordered tons of Megatrons.) I'm trying to get an average distribution here and this is the first step.
(24 minicars * $1.99) + (24 cassettes * $3.99) + (12 Autobot deluxes * $6.99) + (12 Decepticon planes * $8.49) + (6 Soundwaves * $10.99) + (6 Megatrons * $15.99) + (6 Optimus Primes * $15.99) = $587.1
So say it costs $587 to order one case of every assortment. Lets call this arrangement of one case of everything a 'cube' just for the sake of identification.
Now remember that Hasbro took 100 million in orders right out the gate at Toyfair 1984. This list minus Jetfire and Shockwave is what I believe to be the initial sheet retailers had to order from. Then a supplemental order sheet came down the line sometime after Hasbro got the non-Takara companies on board. I'll address this later. So ASSUMING the first hundred million in orders were from this sheet, if I take 100 million and divide it by the price of a cube, I get a number that tells me how many instances there were of each case getting ordered when the first 100 million dollars of orders were placed at wholesale:
100,000,000 / 587 = 170357.751278
So in my even distribution of case assortments scenario, each case got ordered about 170,358 times at Toyfair 1984. What I can then do for the first 100 million dollars is figure out how many units were sold by multiplying the number of cubes by the number of figures in each case:
5700 Autobot Minicar Assortment
170,358 * 24 per case = 2,576,592 minicars
5730 Decepticon Cassette Two-Pack Asst.
170,358 * 24 per case = 2,576,592 cassette 2 packs
5750 Autobot Car Assortment
170,358 * 12 per case = 1,288,296 cars
5780 Decepticon Plane Assortment
170,358 * 12 per case = 1,288,296 jets
5790 Decepticon Communicator
170,358 * 6 per case = 644,148 Soundwave & Buzzsaws
5793 Decepticon Leader (Gun)
170,358 * 6 per case = 644,148 Megatrons
5796 Autobot Commander (Tractor Trailer)
170,358 * 6 per case = 644,148 Optimus Primes
Adding up all of these, the total units in my even distribution of assortments scenario for 100 million dollars is 9,662,220. So I get about nine and a half million units from 100 million dollars in wholesale orders. To check this, remember the Hasbro exec in that one article said 75 to 80 million in wholesale orders equaled 10 million units. So I am admittedly off here to the tune of 20 million dollars. I could probably trade ten thousand Primes and Megatrons and get a couple hundred thousand minicars to balance it out. Smoothing out this function and playing with its curve to do such balancing would be a neat project but that's beyond what I'm trying to tackle here.
Anyway this is just part of the story. We still have 15 million more dollars of orders between then and when they stopped taking orders in 1984. The price of a cube changes now ASSUMING that Shockwave and Jetfire were available in that last 15 million dollars worth of orders. So now we rebuild the cube but add two more assortments:
5700 Autobot Minicar Assortment
24 per case * $1.99 per unit = $47.76
5730 Decepticon Cassette Two-Pack Asst.
24 per case * $3.99 per unit = $95.76
5750 Autobot Car Assortment
12 per case * $6.99 per unit = $83.88
5780 Decepticon Plane Assortment
12 per case * $8.49 per unit = $101.88
5790 Decepticon Communicator
6 per case * $10.99 per unit = $65.94
5793 Decepticon Leader (Gun)
6 per case * $15.99 per unit = $65.94
5796 Autobot Commander (Tractor Trailer)
6 per case * $15.99 per unit = $65.94
5797 Autobot Air Guardian (Super Jet)
6 per case * $21.99 per unit = $131.94
5799 Decepticon Laser Gun
6 per case * $17.99 per unit = $107.94
(24 minicars * $1.99) + (24 cassettes * $3.99) + (12 Autobot deluxes * $6.99) + (12 Decepticon planes * $8.49) + (6 Soundwaves * $10.99) + (6 Megatrons * $15.99) + (6 Optimus Primes * $15.99) + (6 Jetfires * 21.99) + (6 Shockwaves * 17.99) = $826.98
Now the cost of the JetWave cube is divided into the last 15 million dollars so we can ultimately estimate how many units were sold in the last orders:
15,000,000 / 827 = 18137.8476421
Roughly 18,138 of each case now gets broken down into figure numbers:
5700 Autobot Minicar Assortment
18,138 * 24 per case = 435,312 more minicars
5730 Decepticon Cassette Two-Pack Asst.
18,138 * 24 per case = 435,312 more cassette 2 packs
5750 Autobot Car Assortment
18,138 * 12 per case = 217,656 more cars
5780 Decepticon Plane Assortment
18,138 * 12 per case = 217,656 more jets
5790 Decepticon Communicator
18,138 * 6 per case = 108,828 more Soundwave & Buzzsaws
5793 Decepticon Leader (Gun)
18,138 * 6 per case = 108,828 more Megatrons
5796 Autobot Commander (Tractor Trailer)
18,138 * 6 per case = 108,828 more Optimus Primes
5797 Autobot Air Guardian (Super Jet)
18,138 * 6 per case = 108,828 Jetfires
5799 Decepticon Laser Gun
18,138 * 6 per case = 108,828 Shockwaves
Adding all that up you get an additional 1,850,076 units to add to the 9,662,220 units from the first 100 million dollars worth of orders.
The bottom line then is my estimate comes out to 11,512,296 total units sold in 1984. [Remember one unit equals one UPC so that impacts the number of Decepticon cassettes.]
Breaking that final total down by assortment, totals for each assortment look like:
5700 Autobot Minicar Assortment
2,576,592 + 435,312 = 3,011,904 total minicars
5730 Decepticon Cassette Two-Pack Asst.
2,576,592 + 435,312 = 3,011,904 total cassette 2 packs
5750 Autobot Car Assortment
1,288,296 + 217,656 = 1,505,952 total cars
5780 Decepticon Plane Assortment
1,288,296 + 217,656 = 1,505,952 total jets
5790 Decepticon Communicator
644,148 + 108,828 = 752,976 total Soundwaves & Buzzsaws
5793 Decepticon Leader (Gun)
644,148 + 108,828 = 752,976 total Megatrons
5796 Autobot Commander (Tractor Trailer)
644,148 + 108,828 = 752,976 total Optimus Primes
5797 Autobot Air Guardian (Super Jet)
108,828 total Jetfires
5799 Decepticon Laser Gun
108,828 total Shockwaves
Knowing that these numbers are somewhat off we can guess the truth is there were more minicars and less large figures than I'm estimating. But to think I'm low on minicars is pretty wild. 3,011,904 sounds absolutely insane.
> No wonder toys from 1984-85 are still so plentiful on eBay after all this
> time. There are probably still millions of them out there!
All these numbers are just too huge to grasp. But check out this excerpt from a Wall Street Journal article I ran across detailing Hasbro's plans for their GI Joe aircraft carrier, It kind of puts these numbers in perspective:
It's Business as Usual at Toy Fair; Familiar Themes and a Harder Sell --- Violence for Boys, Love for Girls
By Steve Weiner and Bob Davis. Wall Street Journal. New York, N.Y.: Feb 7, 1985. pg. 1
..."Hasbro Bradley's GI Joe action toy line includes a cast of heavily armed soldiers, each with a distinct, violent personality sketched on the back of its package. This year the company is launching a 7 1/2-foot GI Joe aircraft carrier -- a toy behemoth, Pentagon -- priced at about $100. The toy can carry up to 100 Joes, at $3 each, and several Skystriker jets, at $19 apiece. A fleet of 100,000 aircraft carriers is planned..."
100,000 Flaggs sounds like a lot, but I maybe ever saw a half dozen on the shelves when I was a kid across all the different stores I ever went to. I saw a lot more Optimus Primes than Flaggs. So I guess there would have to have been upwards of a million Optimuses out there at some point.
It's also fun to figure how many Bumblejumpers may have existed and how foolish it is to even try. I remember estimates from Lee's Action Figure News or maybe Tomart's back in the 90s that said Bumblejumper was packed in a ratio of 1 to every 100 Cliffjumpers. Well if there were 3,011,904 Cliffjumpers then there's at least 3,000 of them out there. That's a huge number to be a packaging error. But my numbers are off from the beginning so it's probably not even safe to journey into those arguments based on my conclusions.
> Was Hasbro shipping internationally back then? I wonder if their
> sales figures are for the USA only, or if they're worldwide.
> The article snippets don't seem to specify.
I'm sure they had presences in other countries but outside of the US there was very little Transformer distribution in 1984. Most everyone else kicked off the line in 1985. Plus other countries had their own toyfairs and their own regional Hasbros they ordered through with factories in their own backyards. By '85 Ceji was making TFs in France, IGA was in Mexico, etc, etc. I think the numbers as presented in these articles really only applied to the US market.
> Jetfire shows up much later in both the comics and the cartoon. Weird
> that Shockwave would be part of the earliest stories but Jetfire was not.
Hasbro probably got wise really fast to how Macross and its derivatives were being licensed out in model kits and cartoons in the US and they knew what they could and couldn't get away with across various media. But it didn't stop them completely. It's kind of fuzzy to me and I wish I knew when exactly all the Jetfire related merchandising hit outside of the comic. Jetfire the straight up Valkyrie made it onto kites, bed tents, the action card, and I'm sure lots of other ancillary stuff. I don't know enough about why the comics and show seemed to have a gag order on the guy.