VIETNAM ARVN - SECTION TWO
This is not a copyrighted article.  You may respond at 
alt.war.vietnam.
I was asked to provide more evidence of my negative opinion of Vietnam's 
ARVN and the RVN leadership in general during the time of the Vietnam 
War.  This is part two of two parts.  This post gives us what happened 
in the latter stages of the war - how the ARVN performed during that 
period is key to this issue.  Note the American Congress failed to 
provide the funding they had promised RVN - which clearly establishes 
at least some culpability on the part of the American Congress when it 
comes to the failures of the ARVN. . . .
Of course there were some exceptions to the overall rule the ARVN was 
a corrupt Army.  Some ARVN units excelled, and some ARVN soldiers were 
special - but regardless of some that demonstrated personal valor and 
efficiency, those few could not overcome the inept ARVN  monster that 
had been created by the failed RVN political system. . . as we see 
evidenced below.
We also see that our Congress was also somewhat culpable in respect to 
ARVN failures. . .
The ARVN failed.  There were many reasons why it did - but to claim it 
was an effective and honorable fighting force is beyond ridiculous, it 
is preposterous considering its performance.  But to its credit, there 
were outside forces that contributed to its failure, as we see below:
http://tinyurl.com/3e7yj    The History Place
Excerpts from the above URL: (All excerpts are quotations).
"August 1974- Richard M. Nixon resigns the presidency as result of 
Watergate. Gerald R. Ford is sworn in as the 38th U.S. President, 
becoming the 6th President coping with Vietnam.
August 1974- The U.S. Congress appropriates only $700 million for 
South Vietnam. This leaves the South Vietnamese Army under-funded and 
results in a decline of military readiness and morale.
(Doug Says: Once again we see our fearless leaders reneging on a 
crucial promise to an ally.  The  Frank Church, George McGovern led 
Congress, and those "useful idiots" (as Vladimir Lenin called them) 
that supported them on those University Campuses  should often see 
millions of the ghosts of SouthEast Asian Children and Women dancing 
around their beds every night.)
September 16, 1974 - President Gerald R. Ford announces a clemency 
program for draft evaders and military deserters. The program runs 
through March 31, 1975, and requires fugitives to take an oath of 
allegiance and also perform up to two years of community service. Out 
of an estimated 124,000 men eligible, about 22,500 take advantage of 
the offer.
(Doug Says:  A shameful day for our country.  Talk about stolen valor. 
What about those men that went in the place of these draft dodgers and 
deserters and never came home?  You reckon Jerry Ford thought about 
them??).
October - The Politburo in North Vietnam decides to launch an invasion 
of South Vietnam in 1975.
November 19, 1974 - William Calley is freed after serving 3 1/2 years 
under house arrest following his conviction for the murder of 22 My 
Lai civilians.
December 13, 1974 - North Vietnam violates the Paris peace treaty and 
tests President Ford's resolve by attacking Phuoc Long Province in 
South Vietnam. President Ford responds with diplomatic protests but no 
military force in compliance with the Congressional ban on all U.S. 
military activity in Southeast Asia.
(Doug Says: Ford, as we are doing with Iran today, used "harsh 
language" to halt the enemy's resolve  - and look what it got him, and 
us.)
December 18, 1974 - North Vietnam's leaders meet in Hanoi to form a 
plan for final victory.
1975
January 8, 1975 - NVA general staff plan for the invasion of South 
Vietnam by 20 divisions is approved by North Vietnam's Politburo. By 
now, the Soviet-supplied North Vietnamese Army is the fifth largest in 
the world. It anticipates a two year struggle for victory. But in 
reality, South Vietnam's forces will collapse in only 55 days.
January 14, 1975 - Testifying before Congress, Secretary of Defense 
James Schlesinger states that the U.S. is not living up to its earlier 
promise to South Vietnam's President Thieu of "severe retaliatory 
action" in the event North Vietnam violated the Paris peace treaty.
(Doug Says: No shit - you think????)  And what did Congress do?  More 
harsh language same as we see about Iran today).
January 21, 1975 - During a press conference, President Ford states 
the U.S. is unwilling to re-enter the war.
(Doug Says: Gosh, do you think our fearless leader's open statement 
that we are not going to support South Vietnam had anything to do with 
the morale of the ARVN, or the resolve of the Communists?  Did Ford 
consider all of the men that had already been wasted in that war? 
Sure he did, sure. ..right.  Politicians are concerned about getting 
or keeping their party in power - GI's are clearly expendable - and 
allies, well, do the words "cannon fodder" mean anything to anyone?)
February 5, 1975 - NVA military leader General Van Tien Dung secretly 
crosses into South Vietnam to take command of the final offensive.
March 10, 1975 - The final offensive begins as 25,000 NVA attack Ban 
Me Thuot located in the Central Highlands.
March 11, 1975 - Ban Me Thuot falls after half of the 4000 South 
Vietnamese soldiers defending it surrender or desert.
(Doug Says: You mean only half of the ARVN ran away or surrendered??? 
That clearly was an ARVN victory, usually ALL of them run away or flip 
sides. . .)
March 13, 1975 - President Thieu decides to abandon the Highlands 
region and two northern provinces to the NVA. This results in a mass 
exodus of civilians and soldiers, clogging roads and bringing general 
chaos. NVA then shell the disorganized retreat which becomes known as 
"the convoy of tears."
(Doug Says: Convoy of cowards when it comes to the ARVN - I thought 
the ARVN oath included the promise to fight to the death?  So much for 
oaths when it comes to the ARVN officers.  The men they led were 
simply abandoned - the Draftee privates that made up most of the ARVN 
could not be expected to fight when their officers have ran away).
March 18, 1975 - Realizing the South Vietnamese Army is nearing 
collapse, NVA leaders meet and decide to accelerate their offensive to 
achieve total victory before May 1.
March 19, 1975 - Quang Tri City falls to NVA.
March 24, 1975 - Tam Ky over-run by NVA.
March 25, 1975 - Hue falls without resistance after a three day siege. 
South Vietnamese troops now break and run from other threatened areas. 
Millions of refugees flee south.
March 26, 1975 - Chu Lai is evacuated.
March 28, 1975 - Da Nang is shelled as 35,000 NVA prepare to attack.
March 30, 1975 - Da Nang falls as 100,000 South Vietnamese soldiers 
surrender after being abandoned by their commanding officers.
March 31, 1975 - NVA begin the 'Ho Chi Minh Campaign,' the final push 
toward Saigon.
April 9, 1975 - NVA close in on Xuan Loc, 38 miles from Saigon. 40,000 
NVA attack the city and for the first time encounter stiff resistance 
from South Vietnamese troops.
April 20, 1975 - U.S. Ambassador Graham Martin meets with President 
Thieu and pressures him to resign given the gravity of the situation 
and the unlikelihood that Thieu could ever negotiate with the 
Communists.
April 21, 1975 - A bitter, tearful President Thieu resigns during a 90 
minute rambling TV speech to the people of South Vietnam. Thieu reads 
from the letter sent by Nixon in 1972 pledging "severe retaliatory 
action" if South Vietnam was threatened. Thieu condemns the Paris 
Peace Accords, Henry Kissinger and the U.S. "The United States has not 
respected its promises. It is inhumane. It is untrustworthy. It is 
irresponsible." He is then ushered into exile in Taiwan, aided by the 
CIA.
(Doug Says: President Thieu said our Congress was "inhumane, 
untrustworthy and irresponsible."    Nothing much has changed has it 
gang?)
April 22, 1975 - Xuan Loc falls to the NVA after a two week battle 
with South Vietnam's 18th Army Division which inflicted over 5000 NVA 
casualties and delayed the 'Ho Chi Minh Campaign' for two weeks.
April 23, 1975 - 100,000 NVA soldiers advance on Saigon which is now 
overflowing with refugees. On this same day, President Ford gives a 
speech at Tulane University stating the conflict in Vietnam is "a war 
that is finished as far as America is concerned."
April 27, 1975 - Saigon is encircled. 30,000 South Vietnamese soldiers 
are inside the city but are leaderless. NVA fire rockets into downtown 
civilian areas as the city erupts into chaos and widespread looting.
(Doug Says: Looting was organized by many ARVN officers, they 
abandoned their men, stole as much as they could so they could get 
out.  Many of them made it to the USA and were provided sanctuary - 
note the ranks of those that are in the USA  - where are the ARVN 
privates?)
April 28, 1975 - 'Neutralist' General Duong Van "Big" Minh becomes the 
new president of South Vietnam and appeals for a cease-fire. His 
appeal is ignored.
April 29, 1975 - NVA shell Tan Son Nhut air base in Saigon, killing 
two U.S. Marines at the compound gate. Conditions then deteriorate as 
South Vietnamese civilians loot the air base. President Ford now 
orders Operation Frequent Wind, the helicopter evacuation of 7000 
Americans and South Vietnamese from Saigon, which begins with the 
radio broadcast of the song "White Christmas" as a pre-arraigned code 
signal.
At Tan Son Nhut, frantic civilians begin swarming the helicopters. The 
evacuation is then shifted to the walled-in American embassy, which is 
secured by U.S. Marines in full combat gear. But the scene there also 
deteriorates, as thousands of civilians attempt to get into the 
compound.
Three U.S. aircraft carriers stand by off the coast of Vietnam to 
handle incoming Americans and South Vietnamese refugees. Many South 
Vietnamese pilots also land on the carriers, flying American-made 
helicopters which are then pushed overboard to make room for more 
arrivals. Filmed footage of the $250,000 choppers being tossed into 
the sea becomes an enduring image of the war's end.
April 30, 1975 - At 8:35 a.m., the last Americans, ten Marines from 
the embassy, depart Saigon, concluding the United States presence in 
Vietnam. North Vietnamese troops pour into Saigon and encounter little 
resistance. By 11 a.m., the red and blue Viet Cong flag flies from the 
presidential palace. President Minh broadcasts a message of 
unconditional surrender. The war is over."
Doug Says:   The communists then systematically started to round up 
and "make disappear" millions of south east Asians.  It is considered 
by many the Communists collectively murdered as many innocent people 
as Adolph Hitler murdered in his concentration camps.  But  where are 
the war crime trials?
What happened to the "bring the war criminals to justice" in regards 
to the fall of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia?  Where are the shouts of 
"war criminals" "Butchers" "pure evil" and "mass murders" - such as we 
heard after that little conflict in Bosnia?  Why is the free world so 
silent on perhaps the largest mass murder of innocent people since 
Adolph Hitler?
Could it be too many press types and college types supported these 
mass murderers and now they would rather just "pretend it did not 
happen?"
Communist Vietnam today has NOT atoned nor paid for its past war 
crimes.  Before Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia are allowed back in a 
civilized world, we need to see some war crime trials.
My opinion of course.
Doug Grant (Tm)