Upgrading should be painless but the jump from 3.x to 4.x could have consequences, can't say till you do it :) If you are keen to stay on 3.9.1 you can still add extra fields to your database, the procedure is detailed in the 3.9.1 Customization Guide, a copy of which you have on your 3.9.1 WeeWX install. Have a look in
/usr/share/doc/weewx or
/home/weewx/docs (depending on how you installed WeeWX) on your 3.9.1 WeeWX machine and you will find the 3.9.1 docs.
customizing.htm is the document you want, in particular the
Adding a new type to the database section. The document may be hard to read as it is a HTML file, you may be able to open directly as a file in your browser or if you have a web server running on your WeeWX machine you may be able to copy or link the file to your web server's document path so you can browse the document through your web server.
Gary