My understanding (someone else correct me if I'm wrong),
is that within any IDE environment (on a given host), you'll need to use a "deploy" function, in order to test your code on another host.
What I mean is, a vagrant VM is another host (accessible via SSH). So, if you're working locally on an IDE, the source code (locally) needs to be sync'ed to the remote host. And the IDE's that I've seen has a "deploy" function which allows you to do that. However, to execute, i.e. "run" your code, you can only use the console (through the IDE).
So my guess is, you can't develop code locally, and run it remotely (as if it was locally on the IDE).
Hope that help.