STAR ESSAY: Obi - Trump of Africa by Niyi Akinnaso

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Mobolaji Aluko

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Apr 9, 2023, 4:37:33 PM4/9/23
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STAR ESSAY: Obi -  Trump of Africa

By

Niyi Akinnaso
April 5, 2023


Donald J. Trump and Peter Gregory Obi. The comparisons of aspects of their political behaviour are too close to ignore. They are both supposed billionaires turned politician. They both won elections before, Trump as President of the United States and Obi as Governor of Anambra state, Nigeria. They both lost the election to be President of their respective countries. Trump lost reelection in 2020, while Obi lost in his first attempt in 2023. They both denied the election they lost and encouraged their supporters to protest the results, while they continue to attack electoral officials and to denigrate the winner of the election.
The similarities in the campaigns for their failed presidential bid are worth detailed examination. To varying degrees, they both relied on ethnic and religious bigotry. True, there are no primordial ethic groups in the US as in Nigeria, but there are ethnisised populations in the country. They include Native American Indians (the original, but displaced, owners of the land), Blacks, Hispanics, Asians, and Jews. Some of these populations, especially Blacks, are racialised more than others. Opposed to these “ethnics” are Whites—nationalists and patriots in Trump’s terminology. Against that terminology, Trump’s campaign slogan, Make America Great Again, actually translates to Make America White Again.

As for Obi and his ethnic followers, there are basically two ethnic groups in Nigeria—the Igbo and others. He took his campaign to the Igbo wherever they are located in Nigeria and even in the Diaspora. Majority of Igbo voters responded with their votes for him so much so that no other candidate had meaningful votes in the five Igbo states in the Southeast. He also mopped up Igbo votes elsewhere. IPOB and so-called Unknown Gunmen in the Southeast went into voluntary ceasefire to pave way for Obi’s unrealised victory.

Trump and Obi also both used religion as a campaign weapon. Trump, who rarely goes to church, would visit churches during campaign tours and boast of his popularity with “the evangelicals”. His transactional use of religion could be illustrated by two separate events. On one occasion, during the riots following George Floyd’s police killing, Trump stood by Saint John Episcopal Church beside the White House, with a closed Bible in his right hand, for a photo-op, while protesters were being tear-gassed in front of the White House. His attempt to further demonstrate his religiosity the following day, by posing in front of the statue of Pope John Paul II in Washington, drew even more criticisms. Politicians and even church leaders lambasted him for his transactional use of religion.

Obi’s transactional use of religion is much worse than Trump’s. Just as he targeted Igbo populations across the country, so did he target religious leaders, moving his campaign from church to church. Sunday sermons in many churches, especially in his Southeastern base, became political sermons and tutorials on how to vote “wisely”. In no time, his Labour Party logo of Papa, Mama, and Pikin was quickly reinterpreted in terms of Joseph, Mary, and Jesus. Translation: A vote for Obi is a vote for the Lord. It is no wonder then that Obi told Bishop Oyedepo in a leaked audio conversation between the two that the election “is a religious war”. The Bishop responded, “I believe that, I believe that, I believe that”, and assured Obi that “the result will be favourable”. Obi almost offered a quid pro quo during the conversation: “Like I keep saying, if this works, you people will never regret the support”.

Another shared feature between Trump and Obi is the use of social media by their supporters for disinformation, misinformation, defamation, and even slander. While Trump’s supporters are famous for conspiracy theories, Obi’s are famous for fake news and trolls.


By the time the election was held, it was clear that Trump and Obi had developed into some cultish figure for their followers. Relying on these followers, religious blessings, and inaccurate opinion poll results, both men became sow psychologically invested in the success of their campaigns that they did not even imagine that they could lose.

Yet, both men lost squarely. Trump had 74.2 million popular votes, whereas Biden had 81.2 million. What is more, Trump did not meet the constitutional requirement of 270 electoral college votes to be elected President. Instead, he had only 232 electoral college votes, while Biden had 306.

Obi’s case is even worse. While Trump was the runner-up in the US election, Obi came third with 6.1 million votes in the Nigerian presidential election. Even the person who came second, Atiku Abubakar of the Peoples Democratic Party, with 6.9 votes said publicly that Obi could never have won. Bola Ahmed Tinubu of the All Progressives Congress, had 8.7 million votes. Even more importantly, both Atiku and Obi fell short of the constitutional requirement of winning at least 25 percent of the votes in 24 or more states. Both Atiku (21 states) and Obi (17 states) fell short of the requirement, whereas Tinubu, who won, met the requirement in as many as 30 states.

Trump’s and Obi’s denials of the election could only arm their supporters to spew conspiracy theories and misinformation about the election on social media and on TV as well as engage in disruptive behaviour. While Trump’s supporters went as far as attacking the Capitol, which houses Congress, in order to prevent the certification of Biden’s winning result, Obi’s supporters are protesting all over the place and vowing to disrupt Tinubu’s inauguration as Nigeria’s President on May 29, 2023. Instead of inauguration, they advocate an Interim National Government, which is unknown to law.


What makes the political behaviour of these two men most objectionable is that they both have availed themselves of the constitutional means of seeking redress. Trump filed over 60 lawsuits to challenge one aspect or the other of the 2020 US presidential election and lost all of them. Obi’s petition is already with the Presidential Election Petition Tribunal. If he is so confident of his evidence, why not wait for the verdict?

By continuing to deny the election and inciting his followers, even after filing his petition, Obi appears to be playing Trump. The last man who did that was Jair Bolsonaro, the former President of Brazil, who lost his reelection bid in 2022 to the present President, Luiz Lula da Silva.

Angered by the loss, and incited by Bolsonaro’s speeches, his supporters attacked the Supreme Court, the Congress, and the Presidential Palace. Like many of Trump’s rioters, many of Bolsonaro’s rioters are now languishing in jail. Bolsonaro earned the nickname of Trump of the Tropics. Obi may well be Trump of Africa.

Aluko Commentary

This is all Chimamanda's fault:  for writing that silly hollow letter to Biden asking him to do what?  Now an essay has to be written that Biden fully understands.

Thanks, Prof. Akinnaso!


Bolaji Aluko
--------------------------------

Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 10, 2023, 4:23:13 AM4/10/23
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is this not taking things too far in equating Trump and Obi?

Obi's supporters are pan-ethnic even though  containing a good no of Igbos.

Could Igbos alone have given Labour the Presidential elections in the APC stronghold of Lagos?

APC and PDP are parties many people are tired of. They want something different and Obi and Labour gave it to them.

If any party is rabidly ethnocentric, its is Lagos APC, which used deadly ethnocentrism as its main tool of fighting back after losing that election, a strategy spearheaded by the  vile anti-Igbo utterances of their spokesmen Bayo Ononuga and FFK, which latter I have compiled and sent to this group in response to a challenge from another forumite but which the moderator has refused to post because it foregrounds ethnocentrism without preferring solutions, he claims.

How will dangerous ethnocentrism be combated if evidence of it is not presented as some pretend it was not a central factor of APC in the Lagos guber, and has been in recurrent elections, with even the Oba of Lagos in a previous election threatening to drown Igbos in the lagoon if they did not vote for APC's Ambode?

Make we hear word, as its said in pidgin.

thanks

toyin


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Michael Afolayan

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Apr 10, 2023, 8:12:10 AM4/10/23
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Yep, Oluwatoyin, I also thought it was an extreme comparison. In my mind, the two men are apples and oranges. For those of us who are fairly familiar with the two candidates, they are poles apart in their political actions, persuasions, dispositions and even intelligence.

As to the apparent "rabid" ethnocentrism, the blame goes both ways. You cannot absolve either of the groups. I think it almost became Newton's third law of motion, "action and reaction are always equal and opposite."  It is a well known story: The Yoruba reacted swiftly to the Igbo's gloating over the victory of the LP in Lagos State over Tinubu's APC, claiming it was their overpowering ethnic revolution against the Yoruba that brought it to being. The Yoruba then convinced and mobilized their people overwhelmingly, literally neutralizing the seemingly strong power of the LP. The Igbo, in their own case, then reacted to the Yoruba folk's unmatched reaction that drowned the LP in the gubernatorial polls. It's a simple scenario. In all, it's such a sad narrative. Any action or reaction that brings about the loss of any life is unfortunate. Sadly, lives were lost in the fracas. I hope both sides learned some lessons moving forward!

MOA

Harrow, Kenneth

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Apr 10, 2023, 1:46:44 PM4/10/23
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not all populists are the same. trump is neofascist, which is most visible in his attacks on minority groups—refugees, mexicans, arabs, jews, blacks—and his ultranationalism. is that true of obi? trump was antidemocratic, subverting any democratic institution he could for his own personal aggrandizement and wealth. i could go on. he represented the worst aspects of our country, including rightwing antagonism toward gays and lesbians, trans, toward any progressive cause. he is close to a mussolini in many respects, and on jan 6th mobilized what could have turned into blackshirt fascists, if he had succeeded in his attempted coup
the ugly thing is so many americans on the right still support that. not to mention his invention of the term fake news, and his lies that get swallowed by republicans.
he has destroyed an enormous democratic heritage, flawed though it was.
gramsci asked how this could have happened in italy in the 20s and 30s; it happened here now
all i know about obi is he   mobilized the youth, and contested the election results.
ken

kenneth harrow

professor emeritus

dept of english

michigan state university

517 803-8839

har...@msu.edu


From: 'Michael Afolayan' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
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To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - STAR ESSAY: Obi - Trump of Africa by Niyi Akinnaso
 

Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 10, 2023, 1:49:52 PM4/10/23
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thanks prof Afolayan

please forgive my doubting this-

''the Igbo's gloating over the victory of the LP in Lagos State over Tinubu's APC, claiming it was their overpowering ethnic revolution against the Yoruba that brought it to being. ''

  I would be pleased to see evidence of this even though I have read it reported by two other people.

Why do I doubt it?

It could be true that a good no of LP supporters are Igbo, going by my experience on Facebook. 

It seems also true that a  good no of Yoruba people did not vote APC at the Presidential election.

The open critiques of BAT I witnessed from Yoruba people at the highly Yorubanized OAU campus late last year continues to shock me. 

Its most unlikely that Igbo votes alone defeated APC in the Lagos Presidential or provided the majority of votes that did so. 

The reasons why APC lost that election might not be hard to see, given the high youth demographic of Nigeria, the cosmopolitan nature of Lagos, the EndSars fallout and the disasters of the APC govt.

Most people I spoke to at random in Lagos were not APC. Atiku seems to have been ruled out for them. Imagine APC losing even Bourdillon, where Tinubu lives.

Its also true that anti-Igbo demonization is not new to APC politics, as in the Oba of Lagos threatening to drown Igbos in the lagoon if they did not vote for APC guber candidate Ambode in a previous  election in which all parties necessarily fielded only Yoruba indigenes.

I am not aware that the Oba ever apologised nor was called to order by APC.

Apart from that incident, which I followed, it is also claimed that anti-Igbo demonizations are invoked at every election cycle. APC thugs disrupting voting in Igbo dominated areas was reported through video evidence I saw in 2019.

I am opposed to APC and PDP. I see Obi as a political opportunist like most of the others. The controversially named Obidient movement, however, is a movement coalescing around the idea of an alternative to the old boy politics of APC and PDP, with Obi, ironically a man in his early 60s, and a defector from PDP, as its centre.

I hope they can regroup, using  another name, genuinely youthful  political contenders, eliminate dogmatism and close mindedness to alternative views,  and continue the long struggle to change Nigeria's political and economic eco-system.

The visionary, welfarist and techno-savvy culture that defined the Lekki toll gate arm of the EndSars movement convinced me that those are the kinds of people to be running Nigeria, not the Tinubus, the Buharis, the Atikus or even the Obis.

We need a new generation of politicians.

Watching the stepping down of most APC contenders for Tinubu at the APC primaries was a sad experience for me, encapsulated by former lawmaker Dimeji Bankole giving as his reason for stepping down ''emi no fe dagba'', ''i too want to grow into being an elder,'' complemented by Ekiti state governor Fayemi giving as his own reason that he ''still has much time ahead of him'', all invocations of age and time by vigorous men in their 30--50s referencing Tinubu, an old man of troubled health who has already made a powerful name through a decades long chequered career in politics, these much younger but mature men in their prime  giving way to such an elderly  man who refuses to give way for his political children who are fitter than him but insists he must be king as well as king maker, while other countries reinvent or revivify themselves by changing their leadership demographics in  favour of people who grew up in the relative present rather than in the past.

So, will Fayemi and Bankole expect younger people to step down for them tomorrow?

One argument is that backwardness demonstrated by classical African cultures was due significantly through an excessive focus on tradition and gerontocracy.

thanks

toyin




thanks

toyin







Victor Okafor

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Apr 10, 2023, 1:57:25 PM4/10/23
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Niyi Akinnaso's Unfortunate Caricature of Peter Obi

Hello Friends:

It is self-evident that Niyi Akinnaso's "Obi - Trump of Africa" constitutes a misleading commentary. And I am both surprised and disappointed that Professor Bolaji Aluko accorded respectability that the write-up does not deserve by characterizing it as a "Star Essay." Akinnaso's commentary was unmistakably a piece of propaganda, a caricature of Peter Obi, aimed at deceiving the US population—designed to mis-inform the politically conscious public of the United States of America. It is a factually challenged essay meant to incite the Democrat-led US government against presidential candidate Peter Obi, given the apparent bad blood between Donald Trump and the incumbent Democrat-led presidency of the United States. But being a well-organized bureaucratic entity, the US government has established channels by which it obtains and verifies information about key political actors and the politics of countries of interest to the United States. I doubt that this factually challenged commentary from Niyi Akinnaso would supplant facts and information already available to the US government and its related agencies about the shameful elections that Nigeria conducted both on February 25, 2023, and March 18, 2023. What a mockery of democracy that we saw unfold on those two days of infamy in the political history of Nigeria!

That said, my take on Akinnaso's piece comes from the standpoint of a keen observer and student of Nigeria's political matters. I am not a card-carrying member of any of Nigeria's political parties though I must state clearly that Peter Obi's presidential campaign did win my affectionate attention, for the following reasons: (1) his persona as an experienced and incorruptible public official with a proven record of frugal management of public finances against the backdrop of a Nigerian public space that is undermined by rampant public corruption, (2) his persona as a man who organically and psychologically connected with and inspired hope in a mass of unemployed, under-employed and frustrated Nigerian youth, (3) his persona as a man of worldly understanding, (4) his demonstrated understanding of the root causes of the socioeconomic and political challenges faced by contemporary Nigeria as whole, (5) the force of the pragmatic solutions that he advocated for those challenges, (6) his persona as a person who understands the intricacies of the place of Nigeria within today’s intricate and globalization-oriented international political economy, and (7) his Pan-Nigerian presidential rhetorical strategies. We are tired (are we not?) of tribalism, tribal divisions, and religious politics, all of which have not served a centripetal cause of building a federation from a conglomeration of ethnic groups, as well as various religious communities, which makes up Nigeria's geopolitical territory. Given the level of advanced educational acquisitions and distinctive worldly exposures of most of the subscribers to this Toyin Falola "USA Africa Dialogue Series," it has been my hope and expectation that forum members would generally strive to lead the way, would serve as vanguards, in our generational task to help nudge Nigeria towards what in America, we call "a more perfect union."

Nigeria’s More Perfect Union

Nigeria's more perfect union would be a polity where it would be a norm for ethnicity not to constitute a disability in the public life of a Nigerian, a Nigeria where a Nigerian would not be denied access to equal opportunity to compete in the socioeconomic and political squares within a shared federal space due to his/her ethnic orientation or religious beliefs, a Nigeria where one's state of origin would not be a key determinant of one's life chances, a Nigeria where a person's religious beliefs (including African traditional religious beliefs) would reside in and be confined to the private sphere of life and would not be part of how that person's suitability for public service or private service is determined although understandably the peculiarities and essentialities of purely traditional cultural affairs must be respected across the four corners of the federation. And Nigeria’s more perfect union would be a land where a person’s gender would not constitute a barrier to equal opportunity to compete for life’s chances.

Dependable purveyors and evaluators

If we all see ourselves as academically dependable purveyors and evaluators of ascertainable facts of life, and if we count ourselves among those who, by training, education and life experience, have been imbued with knowledge and skills for deciphering facts from fiction (to the extent humanly possible, given our human frailties, and given the fact that the human mind is not perfect anywhere), it should not be difficult for us to acknowledge that the only key factor that Nigeria's Peter Obi shares in common with America's Donald Trump is that both of both have a wealthy private sector background. Furthermore, both are of the male gender. Other than those two factors, they are as opposites as night and day. All the other variables that Niyi Akinnaso’s essay deployed to create a false comparison between two clearly political, ideological, and human personality opposites are dubious.

Illustratively, in terms of their sociopolitical public policy preferences, while Peter Obi demonstrably espouses an egalitarian package designed to uplift the welfare of the proverbial common man/woman, Donald Trump arguably is center-right in his own socio political public policy preferences, which, overall, tends to be tilted towards the middle class and the well-to-do of society. While Peter Obi is known for his careful choice of words in his public utterances, Donald Trump has demonstrated a penchant for a no-holds barred public rhetoric. 

Second, in terms of the outcomes of the elections that both political figures disputed or continue to dispute, a fundamental difference that some of our forum commentators, as well as Akinnaso, have seemed to ignore is that the two elections that were conducted recently in Nigeria, namely the presidential election of February 25, 2023 and the governorship & state assembly election of March 18, were visibly compromised (perhaps with a few exceptions) and, therefore, lacking in credibility. Nothing of the sort applied to the US presidential election of 2020. We know (don’t we?) that if any of the types of barefaced thuggery, barefaced ballot-box snatching, barefaced data falsification, barefaced vote-buying, barefaced voting intimidation and barefaced voter suppression that generally characterized Nigeria’s elections of February 25 and March 18 had surfaced, anywhere, anytime, during the US presidential election of 2020, the culprits would have been languishing in prison as we speak.

INEC’s Broken Promise

I take it as a given that members of this respected forum do not need a lecture on the ingredients of a credible election. Thus, I would like to believe that you would readily understand that the chief source of the general distrust of the results of the two Nigerian elections of February 25 and March 18 was that INEC reneged on its repeated, law-based promise that election results would be electronically transmitted in real time from polling stations. As you may recall, while speaking in public on October 19, 2022, INEC Chairman, Mahmood Yakubu said as follows: "Most Nigerians are more familiar with the bimodal voter accreditation system (the BIVAS), which doubles as accreditation device as well as the upload of polling unit-level result sheets on election day onto the IREV in real time. This innovation has increased transparency and public confidence in the electoral process. They are also part of the legal requirements for conducting elections in Nigeria." For the remainder and an analysis of that critical but failed INEC promise to Nigerian voters, go to: INEC Insists on Use of BVAS, Electronic Transmission of 2023 Election Results

Had INEC Kept Its Promise

If, in conducting the elections of February 25, 2023 and March 18, 2023, INEC had kept fidelity with that law-based aforementioned promise to have election results electronically transmitted in real time with all of us watching, trust me, I would have been among the first group of persons to leap for joy, clap for Nigeria and extend a warm hand of congratulations to the winners, irrespective of whatever corner of Nigeria they came from! Had that critical promise been kept, and election results transmitted in real time with all of us watching, the politics of Nigeria would have been elevated to an all-time high. Had that critical promise been kept, today, Nigeria would have been added to the club of credible democracies of our modern world. Had that critical promise been kept, I believe that we would not be where we are today whereby a cross section of the Nigerian public, including Nigerians in the Diaspora and non-Nigerian observers alike, does not have faith in the results of those elections. In fact, disbelief, rather than belief, is the dominant tendency. I bet that even the latter-day propagandists, in their heart of hearts, do not believe and cannot believe their own concoctions meant to deceive the gullible members of their international audience! Had that critical promise been kept, a crisis legitimacy, a stigma of illegitimacy, would not be hanging over all the individuals who were pronounced as elected through a process that was visibly and demonstrably tainted. Had that promise been kept, Chimamanda Adichie would not have written an open letter to President Joseph Biden of the United States about the open irregularities that marred Nigeria's place on the map of global political histories of February 25, 2023, and March 18, 2023. Had that promise been kept, I am persuaded to believe that there would have been no need for Niyi Akinnaso to seek to distort the image of Peter Obi through his noncollegiate commentary entitled, entitled "Obi - Trump of Africa," which our otherwise highly respected Bolaji Aluko endorsed as a star essay.

A flawed process cannot engender a respectable outcome

Friends, there is no way that a flawed process can produce a credible and respectable electoral outcome. Respect is earned, not forced. To repeat, respect is earned, not forced! Propaganda cannot sanitize an electoral outcome that was brought about by a globally witnessed electoral malpractice. A house built on a sandy foundation cannot stand! Think of the analogy of a soccer game that is supposed to be played according to mutually-agreed upon rules, specifically that a player can use any part of his/her body, except his/her hands or arms, to score a goal, but on the day of the match, a referee effectively changes this mutually-agreed upon code of conduct by accepting and announcing goals scored by hand. Would either the players (that is, the competitors) or the spectators view or be made to view the outcome as credible, as respectable by a post-match propaganda blitz? This is the sad fate that befell Nigeria's fraud-married elections of February 25 and March 18, 2023, with some probable exceptions. Admittedly, this national failure occurred despite a fact that Nigeria has the potential and tools to conduct credible national, state, and local elections. Plus, all along, the generality of Nigerian voters was inspired to expect credible elections in 2023. Their hopes were cruelly dashed by the handiwork of the same forces that have also kept Nigeria from rising to its potentials since achieving political independence from British colonialism. Yet, a crop of individuals has had the effrontery to deploy an international propaganda blitz that makes me wonder if, in their heart of hearts, they think of the rest of us as a manipulatable flock of sheep.

You see, once you have breached public trust in a process, as INEC massively did during the recent Nigerian elections and as I have demonstrated above, the public (perhaps with the exception of politicians who directly benefited from the corrupted process and their die-hard partisans, including partisan scholars who tend to be quick to scream and condemn racism in the Diaspora but tacitly and unashamedly condone ethnic profiling in Nigeria) is bound to view the outcome with understandable distrust and contempt. Through live and streaming social media videos, did we not see scenes of data falsification at collations centers, did we not see scenes of massive voter suppressions, such as scenes in places like Lagos where thugs, armed with matches and other weapons, were openly chasing voters away, openly snatching and taking away ballot boxes, openly taking over polling stations (even in the presence of law-enforcement) and openly telling arriving voters that they would not be allowed to cast their ballots unless they pledged to vote for only a particular political party during a multiparty election? It strikes as particularly worrisome that anyone on this forum would witness all of these and other video-captured irregularities that severely tainted Nigeria's elections of February 25 and March 18, and yet proceed to act as if none of it happened. Are we being true to ourselves as scholars? What kind of scholars do we project ourselves to be when and if we ignore massive factual shortcomings of a paper and we proceed to accord it a passing grade? 


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Food for Thought
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Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 10, 2023, 1:57:34 PM4/10/23
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correction-

  I would like to see evidence of this even though I have read it reported by two other people.

thanks

toyin

Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 10, 2023, 2:55:04 PM4/10/23
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With reference to what Victor Okafor has outlined about these elections, I wonder if these points can be adequately countered-

''We know (don’t we?) that if any of the types of barefaced thuggery, barefaced ballot-box snatching, barefaced data falsification, barefaced vote-buying, barefaced voting intimidation and barefaced voter suppression that generally characterized Nigeria’s elections of February 25 and March 18 had surfaced, anywhere, anytime, during the US presidential election of 2020, the culprits would have been languishing in prison as we speak.''

''Through live and streaming social media videos, did we not see scenes of data falsification at collations centers, did we not see scenes of massive voter suppressions, such as scenes in places like Lagos where thugs, armed with matches and other weapons, were openly chasing voters away, openly snatching and taking away ballot boxes, openly taking over polling stations (even in the presence of law-enforcement) and openly telling arriving voters that they would not be allowed to cast their ballots unless they pledged to vote for only a particular political party during a multiparty election?''

''INEC’s Broken Promise

I take it as a given that members of this respected forum do not need a lecture on the ingredients of a credible election. Thus, I would like to believe that you would readily understand that the chief source of the general distrust of the results of the two Nigerian elections of February 25 and March 18 was that INEC reneged on its repeated, law-based promise that election results would be electronically transmitted in real time from polling stations''


thanks


toyin


Cornelius Hamelberg

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Apr 10, 2023, 6:55:36 PM4/10/23
to USA Africa Dialogue Series

Fela: Beasts of no Nation 


I applied some breaks to my head when I saw that the next post was from one Kenneth Harrow because Harrow and Trump are names that don’t rhyme - and I  decided that I just don't want to hear any more whining about our dear Trump. All things being equal they’ll soon throw out both Brag and the 34 charges against Trump. Hopefully, Peter Obi will not do anything as foolhardy as inspiring the Obidients to storm The National Assembly of the Federal Republic of Nigeria for any purpose whatsoever. 


I’m responding to this, having read no further than Michael Afolayan's comment, that comparing Mister Obi and Mister Trump is akin to comparing “apples and oranges ". In which case Trump is obviously the apple  - at least I associate Trump with Trump Towers which is situated slap bang in Manhattan , New York City, otherwise known as “The Big Apple”  -  relatively speaking Obi on the other hand more of a small town man  - not even from Lagos  - Nigeria’s bif apple and therefore, relatively speaking,  more parochial in his world view and less cosmopolitan in his orientation, final judgments arrived at by zapping through the pre and post-election newspaper hype about him beginning with Kperogi’s original praise-singing and glorification of Obi  which at the time I thought was natural, Kperogi being married to an Igbo woman and most probably happy  to be enjoying life under her petticoat management / government - in Sierra Leone pidgin/ broken, the popular phrase is “ woman lappa “ - and in  Kperogi’s case the transition from hallelujah to crucify him ( Obi / St. Peter  crucified upside down in Rome)  is also understandable following the trajectory of Obi’s falling star - as the star’s chances diminished, gradually  lost its lustre, got  dimmer and now on the precipice of fading away into oblivion completely what else to expect but that Dr. Kperogi MD ( Psychiatry) would descend into berating the wannabe and diagnosing him as shuffering from the following malady : “ Peter Obi is suffering from delusional disorder !


 O how have the mighty fallen!


Now, nobody has diagnosed Trump as being delusional 


 If from the very beginning Obi had something to show, like this young Ugandan billionaire then it could have made a difference, although billionaires are usually not the kinds of people who become leaders of e.g. the Labour Party ( UK)   


I’m convinced that the day will come when the name  PPP ( Poor People's Party of Nigeria) will gain traction… 


Shortly, comparing Obí with Trump should normally be as difficult as comparing Awka with New York City, or comparing Nigeria with the United States of America.


However, we can safely say that Trump on the campaign trail in Nigeria to become the first democratically elected Oyibo President of that country, thundering his message from Sokoto to Port Harcourt that he’s running because he wants to “ Make Nigeria Great Again”  - that Trump would be a fish out of water  - just as  the new-fangled “Labour Party” flag bearer Obi - no charismatic Obama is he - would be like a fish out of water hoping to become the next Black President of the United States riding on the wave “ I’m running to make America Great Again 

Toyin Falola

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Apr 10, 2023, 6:55:36 PM4/10/23
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Great Victor:

 

For my education:

 

why do you think that the US cares about who wins or loses an election in any African country?

 

And two, why do African scholars opposed to imperialism and Western domination appeal to this very same West to seek support when aggrieved? Can goats take the problems to the court of lions?

I always ask questions to improve my knowledge.

 

Socrates argued for the necessity of probing individual knowledge, and acknowledging what one may not know or understand.

 

 

From: 'Victor Okafor' via USA Africa Dialogue Series <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>


Date: Monday, April 10, 2023 at 12:57 PM
To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>

Moses Ebe Ochonu

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Apr 10, 2023, 9:16:48 PM4/10/23
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They say if you live long enough in this world, you'll see a lot of strange, inexplicable things. This is certainly one of those things I guess. 

We literally have a president-elect who is a confirmed, documented former drug baron; who lied under oath that he attended primary and secondary schools he did not attend; whose name is fake; who forged the Chicago State University certificate he submitted to INEC for the 2023 election; who patently lied about the source of his wealth, attributing the millions of dollars US investigators found in his accounts and tracked as he laundered it for his drug trafficking cartel to savings from his $2000 a month salary at Mobil; who has multiple dates of birth, the latest date of birth putting him only about 9 years older than his eldest daughter. The list of frauds associated with this man goes on.

We have a president-elect who is manifestly unfit for the rigor of the office of president of a country of 200 million people because of physical and cognitive infirmities that cause him to tremble like a leaf in the wind, slur his speech, struggle with comprehension, and speak incoherently.

Have some of our intellectual friends spoken out against this unfolding scandal or the deeply flawed election that threw up this scandalously unfit person? No.

Instead, they're writing silly, shameless, and ludicrous ethnic tomes about a man who, warts and all, was, even by the acknowledgement of his traducers and opponents' supporters, the best of the three main candidates in the 2023 election, even drawing an asinine comparison between said man and Donald Trump. 

This is all to distract us from their support for a candidate and now president-elect who should not be anywhere near the presidency given his acceptable legal, ethical, and moral baggage and his physical and mental challenges. It's all an effort to change the subject from the fact that Nigeria has become and will continue, for at least the next four years, to be a disgrace and a laughing stock in Africa and the world with a former drug trafficker, certificate forger, and fraudulent personality soon to be inaugurated as president of our country.

The world is indeed a strange place. The humans who inhabit it are even stranger. We try in vain to fathom why some people see black and call it white and berate those who call it black. Or why some people cannot or will not draw a proverbial line in the sand on moral, ethical, conscience, faith, or humanitarian grounds, a line that would lead them to take a stand against certain people aspiring to, let alone coming to power.



Michael Afolayan

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Apr 10, 2023, 9:29:16 PM4/10/23
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I don't have the depth of knowledge in politics in Nigeria as you do, Oluwatoyin, and I appreciate your analysis. I will not dabble into those issues you noted. But I must say that my statement you quoted below is just my personal interpretation of the Igbo activities in Lagos fin the wake of the clear victory of the LP over APC. As an unrepentant Obi sympathizer, when I heard all the rhetorics of "Lagos is a no-man's land," I was gravely worried because I knew it could backfire, which it did. I was worried, justifiably because I have lived through the most tempestuous era of "Operation Weti e" of the early 1960s' Western Region, and I know that if and when the Yoruba feel they are dared, it's like counting the tiger's teeth, to borrow TF's memoir caption, and they bite hard. From what I read, mostly on social media, plus some images I saw, and what my folks in Lagos were relaying back, it was as if the Igbo community made the mistake of beating their chests and taking the victory as "Àwa l'a ṣe é" (We are the ones who did it of our own acuity), forgetting to factor other equations you noted, which accounted for the victory. It truly worried me.

On a separate note, honestly, my personal respect for Tinubu did not come until after he lost Lagos and Osun states and yet went ahead to win in the overall polls. It's like a liberal presidential candidate losing New York and California and still winning the presidency. Of course, the comparison may not be tightly tenable but that is the closest I could imagine. It convinced me that his winning was not just out of ethnic sentiment, but through hard work and strategic planning. It's on that score that I congratulate the man.

MOA

===

Toyin Falola

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Apr 10, 2023, 9:31:49 PM4/10/23
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Moses:

Two small questions:

  1. Does the Nigerian political system prevent crooks from aspiring to power?
  2. And is he not the president of millions of people who aspire to be like him?

Victor Okafor

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Apr 10, 2023, 9:44:43 PM4/10/23
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Hi TF, there are times in life when individuals, groups or nations seek external help when there is a sense that internal options have been exhausted or are no longer viable. For instance, do nations not usually seek material assistance from other nations or multi-national institutions when they find themselves in economic strangleholds? Do nations not borrow military hardware, technological knowhow, human resource, humanitarian relief, etc. from fellow nations when and where a need arises?

Yes, we are aware of the historically complex, asymmetrical, and even economically exploitative relations between the global north and the global south, but nations from either geopolitical side of the globe still maneuver their ways through that labyrinth for one type of economic, scientific or technological bailout or the other at given moments in their national journeys or national development strides. For instance, at the United Nations, nations also engage in and do work out coalitions and alliances in pursuit of objectives that are of direct and indirect mutual benefits to them. As you know, during the 2nd World War, the Allied Nations found it necessary to forge an alliance with the Soviet Union in order to checkmate and defeat Hitler’s ravaging Germany. But soon after that  War, that alliance of military convenience soon got replaced by a nuclear arms race and a resulting Cold War that only ended in the late 1980s with the fall of the Berlin War in 1989 and the eventual disintegration of what used to be known as the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) by December, 1991.

In geopolitics, even in interpersonal or group relations, there are no permanent friends or permanent foes; only personal, group or national interests tend to remain permanent.

In a way, it’s rather unfortunate that Nigeria has mishandled its internal affairs in such a manner that citizens’ faith in the ability of its institutions to offer needed redress has demonstrably waned. As you must have noticed, these recent elections really undermined significantly, citizenry faith in the capacity of Nigeria’s internal institutions to rise to the occasion when national imperatives were at stake. When matters came to a head, internal institutions appeared either incapable or unwilling to rise to their statutory and constitutional mandates. Mr. Chibuike Rotimi Amaechi, a chieftain of the ruling APC and Ex-federal Minister under Buhari’s current presidency, succinctly captured the nation’s general mood of disillusionment when during the heat of the March 18, 2023 governorship and state assembly election, openly cried out that the country was suffering from a failure of national governance. 

Toyin Falola

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Apr 10, 2023, 9:53:47 PM4/10/23
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Great Victor
I love your answer, but democracy is peripheral to the interest of the US. It is more of propaganda to advance the agenda of the market (translation: exploitation).

Internal contradictions, rebellions, street fights, and youth insurgency are where the energy for transformation should focus.

Nations worry about their core interests, defined by those matters that they will use their military forces and destructive capacities. The US will not move its army an inch because of democracy in Nigeria.

Trump, rather Mr. Trump, apologies; President Trump described you and your people as living in a shithole.

TF

Victor Okafor

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Apr 10, 2023, 10:38:22 PM4/10/23
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Well, this and other imperatives are behind the quest for a New Nigeria that would/could take its rightful place in the comity of nations. No right-thinking person wants disorder in Nigeria. Yes, ultimately, Nigeria bears ultimate responsibility for keeping her house in order. Yes, there is no big brother that would shoulder that burden for her. This is also why we must go the whole nine yards to hold leaders and internal institutions accountable. But do the persons in charge exhibit a sense of history? Let's keep our fingers crossed.

Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 11, 2023, 3:42:33 AM4/11/23
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why should anyone quote a small minded creature in referring to one's own country as was done in the mail directly below this one?

what is that character's level of understanding of the world?

even i, who have never been to the US, knew that his attempted coup during and after the elections that removed him could not succeed, yet he persisted in his politically suicidal mission.

what kind of universe should we describe him as living in?

thanks

toyin adepoju


Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 11, 2023, 3:42:58 AM4/11/23
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thanks Michael Afolayan.

ive been seeking evidence of igbo complicity in the lagos is no mans land rhetoric and am yet to find it. as to igbo gloating over the lagos victory i shall look out for the evidence. 

keeping in mind my observation of anti-igbo demonization as a recurrent APC strategy, i hope the pan-ethnic movement that coalesced around Obi, a movement reflecting unfinished business from  endsars, the latter being another movement APC and its sympathisers are struggling to discredit, will take stock and move forward.

thanks
toyin

Moses Ochonu

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Apr 11, 2023, 8:25:20 AM4/11/23
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Oga,

For the first question, my simple answer is that there are levels and degrees to crookedness even in a land where most aspirants to political office are crooks. A society must draw a line and decide where the line is.

If 95-99 percent of Nigerian politicians and aspirants to public office are crooks and would-be crooks, are they also former drug barons? Did they serially lie about their identities, lie under oath about their educational attainments, submit fraudulent certificates?

You’d observe that nowhere in my post did I bring up Tinubu’s corruption. That’s deliberate. In a country where the overwhelming majority of politicians is corrupt, where financial crookedness is the heart of politics, it seems to me that corruption ceases to be a disqualifying factor. In that context, it would even be unfair to judge Tinubu by his legendary financial crookedness and financial capture of Lagos. After all, look at Atiku, another corrupt politician with a U.S. corruption dishonorable mention, who also ran.

But which other politician in Nigeria is a confirmed drug baron in addition to being corrupt and dared to run for president? Only Tinubu. Which other politician forged certificates and lied about their educational qualification and still aspired to the presidency? Only Tinubu.

Which other politician lied under oath serially about their age and still ran for president—successfully? Only Tinubu.

There are levels to crookedness, and some crooks and frauds stand alone and are in a special category even in a country in which, as you said, crooks thrive in politics and thrive in it precisely because they’re crooks.

I’m not a moral or ethical absolutist. I’m quite pragmatic. 

The corruption matter is a wash, given its ubiquity among our politicians and its centrality to our politics.

That being the case, should we not at least say a person who wants to be president cannot have essentially pleaded guilty to drug trafficking and forfeited assets deemed proceeds of international heroin trafficking and money laundering?

Can we not at insist that a person aspiring to lead us have genuine educational qualification regardless of the level of that qualification?

Can we not even insist that we know the person’s actual name and age instead of made up ones?

Tinubu has shattered the glass ceiling of crookedness and politics in Nigeria. He has erased all previous lines of decency, written and unwritten, pretended and real, in our politics.

Donald Trump did the same in America. He was a norm buster, but at least Trump has no documented history of criminal drug forfeiture and didn’t engage in identity fraud and make fraudulent educational claims under oath. 

But, as I said, and as a segue to your second question, every society must decide the limit of crookedness, character deficit, and legal/ethical baggage it can tolerate  in people running for the highest office. Nigeria has made a decision and so we interested spectators wait to see the consequences of this one.

To answer the second question directly, in fairness to Nigerians, the vast majority of Nigerians rejected him, voted against him, and millions warned about the disgrace his presidency would bring to the country, so I am not sure it’s fair to say most or even many Nigerians aspire to be like him. 

Most people who supported him in fact did so even while rejecting his personal character, conduct, drug past, and corrupt ownership of Lagos. Many if not most of these people supported him on ethnic and religious grounds, in spite of, not because of his baggage, not because they want to be like him.

But I give it to you that perhaps when it comes to corruption, a.k.a getting rich from public resources, perhaps many if not most Nigerians don’t mind doing so and maybe secretly yearn for an opportunity to do so. Which is why corruption doesn’t make my cut anymore when it comes to analysis of disqualifying traits for public office. Most politicians are corrupt, even in the US where I live. I’ve made peace with it as a perverse national aspirational reality in Nigeria.

Sent from my iPhone

Moses Ochonu

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Apr 11, 2023, 8:25:34 AM4/11/23
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CORRECTION: “given his UNacceptable legal, ethical, and moral baggage and his physical and mental challenges.”

Sent from my iPhone

Toyin Falola

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Apr 11, 2023, 8:51:48 AM4/11/23
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Moses:

 

I debate only with a few people, as in Nigerian circles, after three minutes, they take to insults and yelling, which I don’t appreciate. Debates are not strictly about being wrong or right but knowledge sharing. And I don’t engage with “tribalists”, as they can come out with their cutlasses at short notice.

 

I don’t vote, as I reject the assumption that it is anti-democracy not to vote. I have to anticipate the possible outcomes before I make my choice. Of the three candidates, I cannot vote for any unless you tie a rock to my neck and the threat to throw me into the ocean is real. My neighbours in Lagos are all anti-Tinubu for some of the reasons you mentioned.

 

But I disagree that a “best” candidate exists in a political competition. It is a strange concept in a plural society like Nigeria, delineated by identities. Dual societies like Rwanda cannot have the best candidate, and plural societies cannot come up with the best candidate, except accidentally. The best candidate in racist America, except for the singular exception of Obama, is always white, but what do we tell black people?

 

There was no one I did not tell before the election that Obi had a zero chance. A minimum of 12 states in federal Nigeria will not vote for him. Indeed, I gave him a total of 19 states where he could come up with 25 %.

 

I introduced many people to the concept of “wishful thinking,” a theory which applies to many in Nigeria. Rebecca Neumann, Anna Rafferty and Tom Griffiths have elaborated on this theory. It is one of the theories that explain why people become angry when they see outcomes. To summarize this theory, from what I lifted:

 

Wishful thinking is the formation of beliefs based on what might be pleasing to imagine rather than on evidence, rationality, or reality. It is a product of resolving conflicts between belief and desire.

 

 

Let me provoke the Obedients: the future chances of Obi are gone. The South East has to rethink its politics since it has been demonstrated that you don’t need its states to emerge as the country’s president. Maybe Soludo will give it a shot. An Igbo will emerge as a President—no process can stop that. But the person has to be the consensus of politicians at the very center of state capture. The logic that guides the Nigerian state is clear.

 

Good morning to you all.

TF

 

 

From: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Moses Ochonu <meoc...@gmail.com>
Date: Tuesday, April 11, 2023 at 7:25 AM
To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - STAR ESSAY: Obi - Trump of Africa by Niyi Akinnaso

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Moses Ebe Ochonu

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Apr 11, 2023, 9:52:22 AM4/11/23
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Oga,

The truth is that the electoral map did not favor Obi. He just didn't have the spread as I stated in my pre-election analysis, without the northwest and northeast and much of the north-central. His electoral petition rests on the massive evidence trove of rigging and manipulation and on other tangential matters regarding Tinubu's eligibility, etc, not on a claim that he won.

You may be right about Obi's political future, but the man has accomplished what no one thought possible. Thanks to the Obi wave, we now have an LP governor, senator, and more than 30 LP House of Reps members. If he sticks around politically and cultivates support in the Muslim north, emerges a major party candidate, and chooses a popular northern person as running mate he could cause a political upset. But I agree that the elite consensus that determines who becomes president in Nigeria may never favor him and may in fact regard him as too risky. Obi's issue was the Muslim North. With the Muslim-Muslim ticket of Tinubu and Atiku in the race, he could not gain any traction there. There's also the rabid anti-Igbo sentiment in the Muslim north, a sentiment so raw and scary that sometimes it manifests openly in genocidal rhetoric. Obi could have been an angel and his ethnicity still would have worked against him in most of the northern states.

Electoral dynamics change on a dime, so all of this is speculative. If Tinubu surprises everyone and does well for Nigeria, and also takes care of his allies, they will not abandon him. But if he does not do well, further damages the APC brand, and does not take care of his allies, especially in the north, they could look elsewhere. And they may turn to the Southeast and to someone with national name recognition. That may put Obi ahead of Soludo. Anything can happen in politics. Donald Trump and Tinubu became president of their respective countries, so anything is possible.

Emeagwali, Gloria (History)

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Apr 11, 2023, 9:52:51 AM4/11/23
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Moses

I really don’t care about Tinubu’s age.
Lots of folks do a mark-up or mark-down,
in any case. It is not how old you are -
but what you can do, and when you
 can do it.
The drug dealing claim is more 
consequential, granted that he has a 
predecessor in Babangida.
Right? But I agree with you- higher 
standards should be set. Tinubu’s 
achievements in running Lagos,
apparently impressed almost
all but Lagosians, paradoxically.



Professor Gloria Emeagwali
Prof. of History/African Studies, CCSU
africahistory.net; vimeo.com/ gloriaemeagwali
Recipient of the 2014 Distinguished Research
Excellence Award, Univ. of Texas at Austin;
2019 Distinguished Africanist Award
New York African Studies Association


From: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com> on behalf of Moses Ochonu <meoc...@gmail.com>
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To: usaafric...@googlegroups.com <usaafric...@googlegroups.com>
Subject: Re: USA Africa Dialogue Series - STAR ESSAY: Obi - Trump of Africa by Niyi Akinnaso
 

EXTERNAL EMAIL: This email originated from outside of the organization. Do not click any links or open any attachments unless you trust the sender and know the content is safe.

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Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 11, 2023, 11:32:26 AM4/11/23
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Is Babangida a known drug dealer?

How can one get reliable evidence on Tinubu as a drug baron?

Is it a clearly defined case as Moses is putting it?


Thanks
Toyin

Mr. E. B. Jaiyeoba

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Apr 11, 2023, 6:46:12 PM4/11/23
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Dear Prof., Ochonu,

Please, I would like to advise you not to put this write-up online.

Many of the issues you raised about Tinubu are libelous o.

Have you heard of the documentary called 'The Lion of Bourdillon'? It was aired on African Independent Television (AIT) owned by Raymond Dokpesi, a business magnate/politician in Nigeria. All your claims are in that documentary. It became a court case and AIT had to settle out of court and write an apology letter. For example, are you saying Tinubu did not graduate? That had been laid to rest by a confirmation from the University! Obidients had done a lot of research on that and they have been proved wrong. Many of the issues you raised have been trashed online. Please do some online surveys!

Best wishes,



Babatunde JAIYEOBA















E. Babatunde JAIYEOBA PhD
Professor of Architecture
Department of Architecture
Faculty of Environmental Design and Management
Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria






Toyin Falola

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Apr 11, 2023, 6:54:31 PM4/11/23
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Sir:

What will be the remedy if Moses is sued?

Take over his books and his aged computer?

TF

Moses Ebe Ochonu

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Apr 11, 2023, 7:15:40 PM4/11/23
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Dr. Jaiyeoba,

Take your pro-Tinubu blackmail elsewhere please. I'm not known for reckless pronouncements. I choose my words carefully based on documented evidence, not a documentary or internet chatter. I say it again: Tinubu claimed under oath that he attended a particular primary school and Government College Ibadan. He did not. No evidence exists that he did. Even one of his handlers later claimed that he was self-educated through correspondence studies because his parents were poor--that was after his camp had blamed Senator Tokunbo Afikuyomi for filling the false information on an election nomination form on behalf of Tinubu.

Regarding Chicago State, I said clearly that Tinubu submitted a fake Chicago State degree certificate (something you can buy from a degree mill online) to INEC for the 2023 election. Have you not seen copies of the certificate he submitted to INEC, which is a subject of litigation? Have you not seen the conclusive comparison of that certificate to the genuine Chicago State certificate and to the degree mill version? 

So, let me turn your query on you and ask you: have you ever seen a person who graduates from a school but instead of submitting a genuine certificate from said school submits a fake one?

And, predictably, I noticed you did not go anywhere near the drug issue.

Chidi Anthony Opara, FIIM, CDOA

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Apr 12, 2023, 6:01:54 AM4/12/23
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What if Tinubu turns around the fortunes of this country, which is what is needed now?

America and Europe are known to have in the recent past and now installed and backed known terror and drug lords as heads of government in Latin America, Africa and in other places, yet we are comfortable with taking all kinds of grants from them grants and from foundations they sponsor.

By the way, is hiding wealth in a tax heaven and by so doing denying your country of the much needed fund from tax to provide for example, adequate primary health care in a country where people die in thousands from malaria and typhoid a lesser crime than illicit drug peddling and certificate forgery? Why are we not pontificating on that also?

One often gets sick and tired of these rehashed pontifications.

Thank you all for your time.

--CAO.

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Sincerely,

 

Victor O. Okafor, Ph.D.

Professor and Head

Department of Africology and African American Studies

Eastern Michigan University

Tel: 734.487.9594 

Food for Thought

"The limits of tyrants are prescribed by the endurance of those whom they oppress." -- Frederick Douglass

 

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Oluwatoyin Adepoju

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Apr 12, 2023, 10:26:57 AM4/12/23
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Chidi, why not simply speak for yourself rather than for others whose track record of civic engagement you might not be adequately informed about?

toyin

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Sincerely,

 

Victor O. Okafor, Ph.D.

Professor and Head

Department of Africology and African American Studies

Eastern Michigan University

Tel: 734.487.9594 

Food for Thought

"The limits of tyrants are prescribed by the endurance of those whom they oppress." -- Frederick Douglass

 

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Chidi Anthony Opara, FIIM, CDOA

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Apr 12, 2023, 2:07:27 PM4/12/23
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I would have thought that you would try to interrogate the issues I raised, like:

What if Tinubu turns around the fortunes of Nigeria? Which is what is needed now?

Etc.

-CAO


On Wednesday, April 12, 2023, Oluwatoyin Adepoju <ovde...@gmail.com> wrote:
Chidi, why not simply speak for yourself rather than for others whose track record of civic engagement you might not be adequately informed about?

toyin

On Wed, 12 Apr 2023 at 11:01, Chidi Anthony Opara, FIIM, CDOA <chidi...@gmail.com> wrote:
What if Tinubu turns around the fortunes of this country, which is what is needed now?

America and Europe are known to have in the recent past and now installed and backed known terror and drug lords as heads of government in Latin America, Africa and in other places, yet we are comfortable with taking all kinds of grants from them grants and from foundations they sponsor.

By the way, is hiding wealth in a tax heaven and by so doing denying your country of the much needed fund from tax to provide for example, adequate primary health care in a country where people die in thousands from malaria and typhoid a lesser crime than illicit drug peddling and certificate forgery? Why are we not pontificating on that also?

One often gets sick and tired of these rehashed pontifications.

Thank you all for your time.

--CAO.

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Sincerely,

 

Victor O. Okafor, Ph.D.

Professor and Head

Department of Africology and African American Studies

Eastern Michigan University

Tel: 734.487.9594 

Food for Thought

"The limits of tyrants are prescribed by the endurance of those whom they oppress." -- Frederick Douglass

 

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