Tob,
Of course you can use the Prefix filter, however in your case you are changing the prefix. It may depend on the tiddlers you have in the rest of the wiki ie a prefix of "0" and another of "1" will find all tiddlers in the range you ask but may collect others.
An approach to try is to wrap one list in another, to create a value you will use as a prefix.
eg;
<$list filter="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" variable=1sd >
<$list filter="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" variable=2sd >
<$list filter="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" variable=3sd >
<$list filter="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9" variable=4sd >
<<1sd>><<2sd>><<3sd>><<4sd>>
</$list>
</$list>
</$list>
</$list>
This is not a solution but perhaps a path to one.
Regards
Tony