Not sure how useful this is, but seeing that there are some performance-related commits in GitHub lately, I compared the two filters by simply copying each if the two lists below 20,000 times in a tiddler. all[current] is almost double the speed of <currentTiddler>, 1min 15sec vs. 2 min 20 sec on my Core-i7. There is probably some datatype conversion happening with the latter.
<$list filter="[all[current]]"></$list>
<$list filter="[<currentTiddler>]"></$list>
Also,
<$list filter="[all[current]tagging[]]">.</$list> is about 25% faster than <$list filter="[tag<currentTiddler>]">.</$list> , and {{!!title}} is 10 times faster than <<currentTiddler>>! Not sure if the time grows linearly, I used 100,000 copies for the latter comparison.
—R