Run, do not walk, to your local fly shop for the most recent Eastern Fly Fishing, which has an informative article on DIY fishing this area by yours truly. Do not buy the magazine, because if I told you to buy it this would be a commercial post. But definitely read it. There was also a good article about the area in the next-most-recent issue, so read both if you can.
As for camping, if you are retired military you might be able to camp at KARS Park 1, right on the Banana River. The only public camping out there is at Jetty Park, right on the beach at Port Canaveral - but it does not have access to the river side. Sebastian Inlet State Park is an hour or so south of Cape Canaveral, but has great fishing on both the ocean and river sides. There are also some private RV campgrounds near Oak Hill, on the Mosquito Lagoon (e.g. Oak Hill Fish Camp). Google Maps can point you to a bunch of others, but the advantage of the Oak Hill area is that it is not as built-up as farther south. That said, you will want the canoe or some other boat up there - the wading is less accessible.
Miles