Indeed.
Is this a bug?
According to git blame, it seems that the comment is from 2009 but "class ProjectiveSpace_ring(UniqueRepresentation" is from 2018. I guess that the comment was not simply deleted when "UniqueRepresentation" was added (there is no relevant doctest after the comment).
I have no more experience than you regarding gluing construction with projective spaces.
According to the above comment, gluing construction may not work because projective space is now "UniqueRepresentation". Clearly this was not a problem in practice up to now, perhaps because there is not much gluing construction in sage. But if you are working with gluing constructions, you may need to refactor ProjectiveSpace_ring.
In my opinion, in gluing several projective spaces, these spaces should at least differ in coordinate variable names even if with the same base ring and dimension, and hence caching should not interfere with gluing construction.
Good luck.
Kwankyu