This is a useful discussion.I looked up Sam geometry for myself. The bikes that fit me have top tube lengths of 56 to 59 cm, and they come in seat tube lengths from 52 to 64 cm -- that last one a Cannondale ST600 in 25", great riding bike, that gives me basically zero standover clearance. I ride it with a Nitto Noodle and a 60 mm long Technomic stem.
The 57 cm Sam has an "effective "top-tube length of 60 cm.
The 54 cm has 58 cm, right in the middle of my accustomed range.
My Bruce Gordon/Taiwan BLT has just about the same geometry as my Cannondale T400 in 23" size -- 58.4 cm top tube, and those bikes fit really well.
The BLT is the one with the 52 cm (c-to-c) seat tube. I talked to the man himself whne I bought it, because that seemed so small, and he convinced me (*).
So for me, 6 foot nothing and 89 cm PBH, I'd get the 54 Sam since I want the drop bar, never mind the Rivendell sizing charts.
They can say "works great with drops or upright bars," and not really be wrong," but it's hardly the same bike then.
I took this picture on my winter beater to illustrate the point. There's 10-15 cm difference in the hand positions between the drop bar (VO Randonneur) and the Nitto Northrads bar, which has fairly mild width and backsweep. With an Albatross or Bosco, I might want the 60 cm Sam with the 61.5 top tube and the 87.9 cm standover.
cheers -mathias
(*) Bruce Gordon was nice to me!
Wasn't there a T shirt with that slogan?
We lost an icon when he died.