I'm not sure what restrictions using Sugino OX601 cranks imposes on shifters. The issue is usually compatibility between the front derailleur and the STI shifters, since derailleurs have to accommodate the specific cable pulls of the STI shifters (unlike, for instance, the "stepless" actuation of Ergopowers or friction shifters). It's probably more useful to ask if the specific STI shifter you're thinking of will actuate a CX-70 correctly, and the answer is maybe yes. I know that 10-speed "hidden cable" Ultegra STI shifters is a definite yes, but other STI shifters have different cable pulls. Nevertheless, there is a large fudge factor when it comes to adjusting front doubles, as it's essentially a binary system (OK, there's also a half-click), so it's highly likely it'll work.
Anyway, the other thing with a smallish 42-28 combo is getting the front derailleur low enough without having its cage hit the chainstay. Based on my Boulder All-Road (that has similarly large BB drop as your Roadini) that's running a 46-30 crank with a CX-70 front derailleur, I'll say you'll probably be fine, but it'll be close. If you really want to be sure, try the
Gevenalle BURD front derailleur (or
this). It's
designed for smaller chainrings, cost about the same as a CX-70, and works with Shimano road shifters (although not sure which versions).
Finally, with regards to the biggest cog you can use, again, I'm not sure this has much relevance to what front derailleur you're using, within reason. Seeing that you've mentioned 9 and 10 speed, I'm guessing you won't be using the extra-large "dinner plate" 50T large cogs borne of the 1X revolution, and you're probably looking at a 36T low gear at the extreme. With the longish chainstay length that the Roadini has, that shouldn't be a problem at all. You may want to instead ensure your rear derailleur has the max gear rating for that 36T (or whatever you're thinking of), and enough chain wrap capacity for your entire drivetrain setup (shouldn't be too bad with a 14T differential double in the front).
Good luck!