Your errors while insalling could probably result from the UEFI
implementation of you Laptop. In the Qubes Documentation under
https://www.qubes-os.org/doc/uefi-troubleshooting/ you find more
information on this.
Installing on a USB Stick is OK for testing but not a complete real
Live System. You normaly can't have a USB-Qube when booting from
USB-Stick, if you have more than one physical USB controller you could
assign all USB controllers to sys-usb exept of the one that you used to
boot. The missing USB qube would only be a problem if BadUSB attacks are
in your threadmodel, otherwise you could just ignore it.
And using it on another machine would result in many problems. It
would likely not boot, because the boot entry is not set (there is a
workaround on this in the uefi-troubleshooting page). And all your AppVMs
with a PCI-Device (e.g. sys-net) attached would likely not boot or boot
in an unexpected behaviour, because the wrong PCI-Device is assigned to
them. This could even result in a crash and reboot, if the wrong
PCI-Device is a GPU.