For me, and I suspect many others, the most common use case would be to export bibliographic records from an ILS, transform them in some way (in my case, usually a cleanup by removing certain fields, or rewriting URLs because an e-resource vendor finally implemented HTTPS or changed their domain name), then load them back into the same ILS.
I also do a lot of cleanup of regular loads of vendor records before loading them at all. Many of them have predictable quality problems that a cataloguer used to fix by following a long set of manual steps in MARCEdit. Replacing this tedious work with python scripts saves a lot of time and also takes away human error while following the big list of steps.