include/not_include check the return value of the "match <arg>" command
and whether it includes or doesn't include the argument.
A match API call in Augeas' API returns a list of paths that match the
argument you pass, so you're actually checking whether those paths
include or don't include a certain value. It doesn't return the values
of those nodes, which is what you expected.
It's possible the "get <arg>" command would work better with
include/not_include, except that API call will only match a single path
and return one value value - so isn't much help with include.
We could do with something better here in the provider for sure, care to
raise a feature request? Please add me to the watchlist if you do.