In this case you can just directly refer to the sample value of the time series returned by your expression (since it's already percentage you want), something like this:
description: "Filesystem at {{$labels.mountpoint}} on {{$labels.instance}} is only {{$value}}% free."
Btw. you might want to look at node_filesystem_avail_bytes rather than node_filesystem_free_bytes, as free bytes also includes space reserved for the root user, but you may run into problems with other users' disk usage before that reserved space runs full.