Thanks! This is very helpful.
If you're asking how the documentation could be improved, well, a discussion of how it actually works (such as yours) would be helpful.
The docs appear to consider core-image in a vacuum -- as if you're dropping it into the body of the page with nothing else. But, of course, I was putting it into another element which was in another element etc. I'd yanked those from other examples (I've been playing with Polymer for only the past couple of days), so I was not-so-blissfully unaware that the CSS Flexbox settings of the parent element would have a significant effect. Took me a while to realize that "layout vertical center-center" on the parent was what was constraining my box to a small portion of the visible area.
Some discussion -- especially when working with background images -- of how the various pieces inter-relate (or at least a link to same) would probably help others.
Thank also for your invitation to post questions. That's great, but, of course, even more desirable would be to improve the documentation to the point where questions were unnecessary. Anything I can do to help, let me know.
It's still quite confusing. If I use a standard img element and set min-height and min-width to 100% I get exactly the behavior I desire. If I use the core-image element and try to use min-sizes, it doesn't appear at all (obviously because in one case it's foregrounded and in the other backgrounded -- but what the benefit of backgrounding the image is is not clear).
Chas.