Error of GWAS: variance inflation factor for covariate 'age' is too high (VIF_TOO_HIGH)

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Nixon So

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Sep 21, 2025, 6:45:54 PM (7 days ago) Sep 21
to plink2-users
Dear All, 

I just encountered an error message when I tried to run GWAS with covariates: 
age PC_1 PC_2 PC_3 PC_4 PC_5 PC_6 PC_7 PC_8 PC_9 PC_10 PC_11 PC_12 PC_13 PC_14 PC_15 PC_16 PC_17 PC_18 PC_19 PC_20 Sex age_squared sex_age_squared

Error: Cannot proceed with --glm regression on phenotype 'IGF_1_Instance_0',
since variance inflation factor for covariate 'age' is too high (VIF_TOO_HIGH).
You may want to remove redundant covariates and try again.


As I saw there are papers doing the same sets of covariates in GWAS. I am not sure how to fix this problem.

Many Thanks. Have a nice day.

Yours sincerely,

Nixon So


Chris Chang

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Sep 22, 2025, 7:12:59 PM (6 days ago) Sep 22
to Nixon So, plink2-users
0. Always post full .log file(s) when asking for troubleshooting help.
1. See the documentation surrounding the --vif flag.

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