Text extraction uses a ToUnicode map to map the char code into its unicode characters, and the ToUnicode map is optional in a PDF.
In this particular PDF, ToUnicode map is not available, so PDFium treats the char codes as unicodes and extracts "VFKDDO", which maps to "0056 0046 004B 0044 0044 004F".
If you test extracting text by using Acrobat or mac's Preview, you will notice you can only extract unknown/control characters.
If you test extracting the text by using Okular, it extracts the charcode directly without converting to its mapping unicode.