TL;DR - You probably don't need Nginx and you definitely don't need Passenger.
Node is different from Ruby in that it doesn't really need an HTTP proxy to sit in front of it (LinkedIn famously removed their front-end proxies a few years ago). When you run peerjs, it's starting an http server already. You can just hit the port it's listening to. Peerjs probably says what port it's listening to when it starts up. You can just use that for dev.
In production, this may vary a bit. If you're running in amazon, then an ELB/ALB will sit in front of your service and will direct traffic to this service:port. If not, you may want nginx for SSL termination or to split traffic on a path, but this is just a straight proxy_pass, not Passenger. Here's an excerpt from the nginx docs on setting up a simple proxy.
HTH,
Mikkel