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A PDF of this Communication is available on my webpage, along with prior Communications and other
resources.
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Fig.
1. James Hansen and
Chad Hanson in
Stanislaus Forest
just west of
Yosemite in June
2021, in an area
“rescued” by the
United States Forest
Service following
the 2013 Sierra
Nevada Rim fire.
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Fix Our Forests Fiasco
30 January 2026
James Hansen
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The Senate is on the
verge of taking up a
bill with the Orwellian
title “Fix Our Forests
Act.” It is designed to
do the opposite, as Dan
Galpern and I describe
in an op-ed published
yesterday in the Boston
Globe, which is copied
below with permission of
the Globe. The bill
would result in swaths
of the public’s national
forests becoming
“categorical exclusion”
zones open to logging
exempt from any
environmental review.
Thus, the bill would
override the purposes
for which national
forests were set up,
including “outdoor
recreation,
range…watershed, and
wildlife and fish
purposes.” This sin is
rationalized under the
pretense that the Act
will reduce wildfire
risk and improve forest
health by “thinning” the
forest. This is
nonsense, as our op-ed
discusses.
Here I draw attention to
the harm their
unconstrained logging
causes for climate.
Nature has the potential
to be a big part of the
climate solution, if we
allow it to work (as
discussed in our
communication[1] in
2021). Fig. 1 is a photo
of an area in which the
Forest Service allowed
logging post-fire,
cutting down the “snags”
(burned or scorched tree
trunks). Logs containing
useful lumber were
hauled off and less
desirable logs, branches
and saplings were ground
up for biofuel. Trees
were planted, but few
are growing. Planters
replanted a few times,
as there are a few trees
of varying ages trying
to get started. It is
hard for trees to get
started in an area
compacted by heavy
machinery and missing
the nutrients that were
hauled off for biofuels.
Fig. 2 shows an area
burned by the same 2013
Sierra Nevada Rim Fire
that was not yet
clearcut. Natural tree
regrowth was thriving
and wildlife was
abundant. The snags
topple within decades
and provide habitat for
small scale forest life,
as well as water holding
capacity and nutrients
for the soil. The area
in Fig. 2 was slated to
be cut like the area in
Fig. 1, but it never
happened. Perhaps the
ruckus that Chad Hanson
raised had an effect.
Now, however, we are
concerned with a much
larger area in our
national forests. For
the sake of drawing down
atmospheric CO2
and the health of our
national forests, the
Fix Our Forests Act
should be rejected.
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Fig.
2. Hansen and
Galpern in June 2021
in an area not then
or yet logged --
regrowing on its
own.
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Boston Globe, Jan. 29, 2026 | OPINION [Reprinted
with permission]
By James
Hansen and Dan
Galpern
A logging bill masquerading as wildfire
protection
Despite
its name, the
Fix Our Forests
Act would
fast-track
logging, weaken
environmental
safeguards, and
do little to
protect
communities from
wildfire or
climate harm.
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Congressional leaders
face pressure from the
logging industry to
bring a deliberately
misnamed “Fix Our
Forests Act” to the
Senate floor. They
should resist. This bill
is a Trojan horse,
pretending to protect
vulnerable communities
from wildfire risk and
improve forest health.
It does neither.
Instead, it heeds the
command of President
Trump’s Executive
Order 14225,
which calls for the
“immediate expansion” of
US timber production
from lands managed by
the US Forest Service
and the Bureau of Land
Management.
America is blessed with
magnificent national
forests that are a
source of lumber and
other resources. An
adequate lumber supply
is important for the US
economy, but most
of
that is
provided by private
holdings. Timber
production is just one
of a
range of multiple
uses for
national forests. Other
uses include “outdoor
recreation, range, …
watershed, and wildlife
and fish purposes.” Any
“yield” from our
national forests must be
pursued in a manner that
maintains “the various
renewable resources … in
perpetuity … without
impairment of the
productivity of the
land.”
For those ends, the
National Environmental
Policy Act and the
Endangered Species Act
require the USFS and the
BLM to safeguard the
public interest,
including that of future
generations, and to
protect rare and
endangered species. But
the bill that the Senate
is considering enables
land managers to skirt
these laws and
fast-track otherwise
questionable projects
under the guise of
wildfire risk reduction
by vastly expanding
allowable “categorical
exclusion” zones
that are exempt from
review.
That would be a mistake.
Mandated environmental
review allows challenges
to wrong-headed
proposals. It also
insulates conscientious
officials from industry
pressure, enabling them
to do the right thing by
considering the wider
ramifications of
forest-disturbing
proposals.
The pretense of the
legislation is that deep
forest logging will
reduce fire intensity,
risk to downwind
communities, and
climate-damaging carbon
emissions. But such
“thinning” does not
always reduce wildfire
intensity. Indeed, considerable
evidence
establishes that the
open conditions created
by such logging may lead
to lower
humidity, higher
wind speed,
higher temperature,
abundant grass fuel, and
increased fire
intensity. Moreover,
thinning may increase
forest-derived carbon
emissions “by
three to five times
relative to fire alone,”
in part because only a
fraction of the carbon
in felled trees ends up
stored as lumber.
Effective community
protection requires
planners and policy
makers alike to
understand “the
critical role of
individual
homeowners and local
government.”
In brief, in
a warming
world
government at every
level needs to help
communities become far
more ignition-resistant.
Updated building codes,
neighborhood assessments
of fire vulnerability, home-hardening
modifications,
defensible
space pruning,
and local government
empowerment are all
needed, but the Fix Our
Forests Act offers none
of this.
As to combatting the
climate crisis, US
forest lands play an
important role by
storing considerable
carbon; moreover, they
retain high
potential, if left
to mature, to
sequester
much more
(as old-growth forests
and mature trees durably
store more carbon).
Recently, the International
Court of Justice
ruled that,
to address global
climate change, every
nation is obliged not
only to constrain
exploitation of their
fossil fuel reserves but
also to preserve their
carbon-rich soils and
forests. Congress owes
it to our children and
grandchildren to pay
close attention here.
Many citizen-based
community groups have
noticed FOFA’s
chicanery. More than 100
groups issued a public
analysis of
the measure’s
extraordinary conveyance
of discretion to the
land agencies, enabling
officials to approve
logging and clear-cuts
even in forests of high
ecological value — and
for a wide assortment of
reasons. A few groups
based in Washington,
D.C., appear to have
been taken
in by FOFA’s
sophistry, but they
should take a closer
look at the relevant
wildland and urban fire
science.
Congressional leaders
should decline to bring
FOFA up for a vote, but
if the measure makes it
to the Senate floor,
senators should read its
content in light of that
relevant science. They
then can rise up to
strike it down.
James Hansen,
formerly director of
the NASA Goddard
Institute for Space
Studies, directs the
Program on Climate
Science, Awareness
and Solutions
at Columbia
University’s Earth
Institute. Dan Galpern
is general counsel to
the Climate
Protection
and
Restoration
Initiative
and long-time legal
adviser to Dr. Hansen
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