MODFLOW & Land Subsidence

[Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh]

Hello everyone,

I hope all are doing well and safe. I would like to do modeling of land subsidence caused by the intense water withdrawal in the aquifer in my study area. I read some papers, who are trying to use the MODFLOW to prepare the knowledge on this topic.

Could anybody please let me have any clear document to describe this issue clearly to me?

I am an expert in remote sensing especially in the field of geo-hazard monitoring using the InSAR and radar images. Unfortunately, I am a basic in the MODFLOW and the related science.

I comprehensively studied the land subsidence in my study area and found that the deformation is all inelastic (irrecoverable) with other spatial and temporal properties of subsidence there.

Sincerely,

Sayyed

[Zhuping Sheng]

Sayyed, 

Assume you have read the USGS report on the SUB module of MODFLOW package. 

https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/2007/06A23/pdf/TM6a23.pdf

The SUB is based on Dr. Helm's work (listed below) or COMPAC as mentioned in the USGS report.

Helm, D.C., 1975, One-dimensional simulation of aquifer system compaction near Pixley, California, 1, constant parameters: Water Resources Research, v. 11, no. 3, p. 465–478. 

Helm, D.C., 1976, One-dimensional simulation of aquifer system compaction near Pixley, California, 2, stress-dependent parameters: Water Resources Research, v. 12, no. 3, p. 375−391. 

Hope it helps. 

  

Dr. Zhuping Sheng, PE, PH, FASCE

zpshe...@gmail.com

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[Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh]

Dear Dr. Sheng,

Thank you so much for your nice information. It was really helpful.

I started reading the USGS documents on the SUB module of the MODFLOW package but if let me, I would like to consult with you and other scientists here. As I assessed the land subsidence for the aquifer in my study area, I found that the center of the major zone of subsidence controls dominantly by the clay layer thickness when the boundary and other parts are still in the control of groundwater level decline. So, in this case (inelastic deformation), do you think that the SUB or SUB-WT modules of MODFLOW can help me to model and predict the subsidence?

Sincerely,

Sayyed

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[Zhuping Sheng]

Hi, Sayyed, 

Will be happy to help. Please share with us more about the magnitude of subsidence and affected area as well as groundwater conditions. It will help us better understand the situation. 

Thanks. 

Zhuping

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[Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh]

Dear Dr. Sheng,

Thank you so much for your attention. Regarding the situation of land subsidence in the study area, you can see the attached figure (vertical displacement), which shows the past and current situation of land subsidence, derived from the Envisat radar dataset from 2003 to 2011, and the Sentinel-1 dataset from 2014 to 2020. You can see the major zone of subsidence, its magnitude, and also its extension to the west.

I also attached the time series of groundwater level (hydrograph) to show the situation of groundwater. In that figure, you can see the Average annual accumulated groundwater level changes (AGLC) in meters  in (a) and average annual accumulated groundwater volume changes (AGVC) in million cubic meters in (b), for the entire aquifer system.

I do really appreciate it if you let me know your comments and suggestion about doing the modeling using the SUB or SUB-WT in this case.

Sincerely,

Sayyed

[Zhuping Sheng]

Could you please send me the time series data of observed subsidence at different locations?  Thank you. 

Zhuping

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[Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh]

Dear Dr. Sheng,

Thank you so much. Yes, sure. You can find them in the attachment. I tried to select five points distributed in the study area and show the times series of points for both Envisat (2003-2011) and Sentinel (2014-2020) datasets.

Sincerely,

Sayyed

[Zhuping Sheng]

Sayyed, 

Thank you.  I think you should be able to simulate LS in the central part of the aquifer assuming you have good lithologic data to characterize the profile. You may also convert the velocity time series to the accumulative LS over time.  You will see patterns of soil consolidation. 

Please pay attention to those observation points at the Center. If I understood your velocity figures correctly, the velocity is still increasing and LS is accelerating at those locations. Good luck.   

Best, 

Zhuping

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[Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh]

Dear Dr. Sheng,

Thank you so much for your help. Excuse me, do you have any other comments on using the SUB or SUB-WT for the modeling in my case?

As you mentioned the observation points at the center of the subsidence zone, I explored that they control dominantly by the clay layer thickness and the slope of the subsidence changes is higher than the slope of changes in groundwater level. In this way, do you think that I will face underestimation in the modeled values for the points in central, or overestimation in the modeled values for the points out of the central?

Sincerely,

Sayyed

[Zhuping Sheng]

Sayyed, 

At this stage, it may be better to compile input data needed for SUB package and have additional analysis of observed LS, which will be used for the model calibration. 

Once you have the conceptual model /initial numerical model configuration, you will have a better sense of the model configuration, inputs and outputs as well as other issues that may appear. We can follow up with more discussions. You may also contact me directly at zpshe...@gmail.com.  

Best, 

Zhuping

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[Scott Elliott Boyce]

If you end up using SUB or SUB-WT, you may want to try running MODFLOW-OWHM. 

It builds off of MODFLOW-2005 and MODFLOW-NWT, so anything that runs on those simulation engines, will run on it. 

It also contains some updates to the SUB and SUB-WT packages that are not present in older versions of MODFLOW.

Homepage: 

https://www.usgs.gov/software/modflow-one-water-hydrologic-flow-model-conjunctive-use-simulation-software-mf-owhm

Report:

Boyce, S.E., Hanson, R.T., Ferguson, I., Schmid, W., Henson, W., Reimann, T., Mehl, S.M., and Earll, M.M., 2020, One-Water Hydrologic Flow Model: A MODFLOW based conjunctive-use simulation software: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods 6–A60, 584 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm6A60

Right now the homepage is only hosting OWHMv2, but will be updated next month with v2.0.1, which will contain a number of bug fixes to NWT and MNW2 (as well as corrections in the report). I will post here a separate thread when it is released.

For help with SUB and SUB-WT (SWT is the package acronym). I would check out the MODFLOW online guide, which was developed by Richard Winston.

This link will take you to the description of the SUB package for MODFLOW-OWHM:

https://ca.water.usgs.gov/modeling-software/one-water-hydrologic-model/users-manual/index.html?sub.htm

Hope that helps out,

Scott

[Zhuping Sheng]

Scott, 

Thank you for sharing.  Glad to learn about those features in the package. 

Zhuping

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[Heiner Bello]

Hi everyone,

I'm doing my master's thesis and I just want to know how to calculate the values of Sskv, and Sske for every unit from a model. I was trying different ways to resolve it, just how the SUB-WT´s manual indicated. I must to aclarate that i'm workin with SUB package, the values from my project are from the texcoco lake in CDMX, México, where every clay formation has too many content of water, but there was permeable units 

Thank you every one

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[Scott Elliott Boyce]

Just to let you know there is a new homepage for MODFLOW-OWHM

The first one that I set will be the general page, but the code and compiled binaries will now be located at:

https://code.usgs.gov/modflow/mf-owhm

Let me know if you ever like to chat. We are doing a lot of work on the California Central Valley and subsidence. 
Also some work with JPL with Grace and Subsidence.

Scott

[Sayyed Mohammad Javad Mirzadeh]

Dear Scott,

I also got the interesting results of inelastic deformation in two aquifers in Central Iran (the paper of the first case was just submitted to JGR-Solid Earth).

I am really interested in modeling subsidence and know about the future of subsidence in these areas but I am not very familiar because of my major.

Could you please let me contact you directly and get your points in my research?

Sincerely,

Sayyed