Marah oregana is a native member of the cucumber family (though not in the same genus as as our culinary cucumber) called 'Indian cucumber' or 'Indian manroot'. They over-winter on an underground root system and send up fleshy, deciduous vines every spring. By this time of year the vegetative parts are already beginning to wilt. All parts of the plant are toxic to humans but Indigenous people had some medicinal uses, mostly for the tubers. I've never seen the deer or rabbits munching on them, although they're in the trees they both use for shade shelters. They don't seem to get any rodent damage either, but I once found a seed wedged into a vole hole entrance - it may have just rolled into it. It does seem that some type of insect eats into the soft, viny stems and can cause the upper reaches to die off.
In our yard they're climbing up into some pines and a spruce and can get up to height of 10 feet or so. The first of these photos was taken on Mar 3 2026 and shows how early they sprouted this year. The next two were taken May 7, 2024 when in full flower with some seed pods beginning to develop. The last, with maturing seeds, were from June 25, 2024. Sorry I don't have a better image of the flower. It's monoecious with a white, five petalled united corolla that forms a short tube around either stamens or stigmas.
I've never seen the deer or rabbits eat them; although they're in the trees they both use for shade shelters. It does seem that some insect eats into the vining stems and can cause the upper reaches to die off. Despite their imposing appearance the spines on the gourd actually stay fairly soft and, as they dry, the flesh withers and leaves behind a skeletal web similar to it's relative, the loofa.