Well, the browsers you are using are several years out of date, and the OS is 15(!) years old, with end-of-life date in 2020, so you can expect that there may be problems with that situation.
In particular, it looks like those browsers don't implement some important CSS features that MathJax v4 is using. This includes white-space: wrap and the xywh() specification for clip-path style. If you manage the website you are using, you can use
mjx-stretchy-v > mjx-ext {
clip-path: padding-box polygon(-1em 0, calc(100% + 1em) 0, calc(100% + 1em) 100%, -1em 100%) ! important;
white-space: pre ! important;
}
to resolve the particular issue you are seeing. There may be other CSS that is problematic, however.