Yeah Xerox Parc would have been a fun place to work.
Bell Labs was another. My friend worked there.
I worked at IBM Research in the Math Department but they let
me work on rewritable paper based on bacteriorhodopsin.
Rhodopsin is what your eyes use to perceive light. It changes
configuration (and color) based on light frequency. Thus with a
laser one can change color for write/erase of the plastic-based
paper, ideal for reuse. Stuff 5 pages into your laser printer and,
bang, you erase the old and create the new. Ultimate reuse.
Saves a few billion trees.
The fact that I spent time in the biology lab and the laser lab
while working on this fell FAR outside the Math Department remit.
I even got a patent for a slip-sensor for a robot hand. IBM Research
was a great place to work.
I played with Neural Networks following instructions from Rumelhart
and McClelland, trying to recognize drugs from their 3D structure.
Unfortunately it was on an IBM PC so, yeah, that failed badly.
The Math department did leading edge work on Expert Systems and AI,
including products like ECLPS, a Rule-based tool I helped author.
Axiom's computer algebra was considered AI until it worked :-)
I don't know where anyone has the freedom to work on ideas that
don't make money this week or next. Some ideas take a long time
to develop and usually have nothing to do with the day job. IBM
Research was that kind of place.
While research was led by Ralph Gomory this was encouraged.
Apple, Microsoft, etc. need someone with vision to run a world
class lab that loses them money in the short term but changes
the world in the long term in areas unrelated to this week's
"business direction". Vision costs time and money but mostly
it requires someone unique to lead, like Gomory. When was the
last time Apple introduced an idea like a scanning-tunneling
microscope?
Once Gerstner (cookie monster) arrived the labs suffered badly.
Gerstner said "the last thing IBM needs right now is a vision".
It was amusing being laid off while the manager had a plaque on
his desk with "IBM Principles" including "full employment"
which was true all the way back to the depression. I guess the new
Gerstner plaques surrounded that with <sarcasm> tags :-)
Tim