Daniel is on to something regarding matching case. When it comes to case [in]sensitivity, however, the behavior of Jenkins is a bit of a mystery.
When I was using a Linux machine as the Jenkins server, there was no mystery. A mixed case login ID was always treated with case sensitivity.
Now that I have been moved to a Windows based server, the rules seem to have changed.
My Security Realm is set to "Jenkins' own database" and I allow users to sign up.
As an example, I can have a user signup as "JamesYoung".
I can then go to the Matrix-based security under Authorization and add the user "JamesYoung" (note the mixed case).
I can give "JamesYoung" Overall Adminstrator rights.
For a while, "JamesYoung" will have Adminstrator rights and things seem to be going as expected.
At some point, however, "JamesYoung" no longer has Administrator rights.
When I look at the Users list, I see that "JamesYoung" was added as "jamesyoung", even though the user specified mixed case when he signed up.
These are the aspects of Jenkins' behavior that I think are odd:
(1) Jenkins down-cases the User ID's of users who sign up.
(2) Even though Jenkins has down-cased the ID, the ID can be entered into the Matrix-based security in mixed case.
(3) The mixed-case ID that was added to the matrix and granted Administrator rights actually has Administrator rights for a while, then he/she no longer has those rights.