Paulownia tomentosa

[Anil Thakur]

Respected Members,

It is a beautiful deciduous tree which flowers in March/April.

Botanical name: Paulownia tomentosa
Common names: Empress tree, Princess tree, Foxglove tree

Regards,
--
Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur
Associate Professor (Botany)
Govt. P.G. College, Solan (H.P.)
Mob. 94184-50063

[Nidhan Singh]

Indeed a beauty...thanks Anil Ji for sharing...

[Anil Thakur]

Thank you Dr. Nidhan Singh Ji.

[Ushadi Micromini]

nice to see so much pink

soothing

where is this tree?

how tall?

what does the trunk look like?

and if its near where you are hopefully you'll shaow us the leaves and the full canopy of the tree

lovely tree when full

and the fruits are good too.

usha di

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Usha di
===========

[Anil Thakur]

Respected Di

I have clicked it at Shimla. It may be introduced one as it is native
of China. Attaching two more photograpgs showing habit. It is nearly
15m tall.

Regards,

[Ushadi Micromini]

wow Anil

is this one of your talks?

and thanks for showing us the three seasons in this ppt

love it

usha di

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Usha di
===========

[Anil Thakur]

Yes, Di. The last slide is from my State level "International Day for
Biological Diversity" Talk organized by Government of Himachal Pradesh
at The Gaity, The Mall, Shimla in May, 2013.

[Ushadi Micromini]

can on epublish such talks

--

Usha di
===========

[Anil Thakur]

Right Di.

[Prashant Awale]

Excellent collection Anil ji..

Regards

Prashant

[Anil Thakur]

Thank you, Prashant Ji.

[Anil Thakur]

Posting some more photographs of this highly beautiful ornamental tree.

Regards

[Ushadi Micromini]

Dear Anil

what a magnificent growth

judging from the symmetrical (almost) ovoid shape it seems even though its is a tight urabn environment

it may yet become a specimen tree.

unless something seem to have prompted some limb cutting, hope they stop at that. (left side in 2nd pic. )

is this in Simla too?

now wait for a shower of seeds

fun to photograph them

and try and grow them

can you save some for me if its in your neighborhood?

And thank you for giving me a treat today.

love it

usha di 

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Usha di
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[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

Thank you, Di

It is growing in Shimla itself. It is fast growing tree. You have also seen the photographs clicked 4-5 years ago. I clicked these photos today as required by Dr. S.L. Kochhar Sir for his forthcoming book. He is also a renowned botanist known for his Economic Botany book. 

I'll collect seeds in March/April when they are ripe.

Regards.

[Ushadi Micromini]

great

yes i saw that , its right here up in the thread

so can you tell me when his book comes out

economic botany was not an organized science, when during morning walks my dad would tell us about 

the uses and economic importance of all things green that we encountered. 

Back to this Pawlownia: i saw some writings about how fast growing a tree this is

and there are plantations in the west that grow them on acres and acres

do we have something similar in india ?

thanks again

usha di

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Usha di
===========

[Saroj Kumar Kasaju]

It has started plantation in Nepal also and said 

to high revenue yielding but side by side the but

considered not good environmentally .

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju 

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Usha di
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Usha di
===========

[Ushadi Micromini]

Saroj ji

why did they say?

does it take over forests?

displacing native timber?

usha di

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Usha di
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[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Anil ji, for the detailed images. 

--

[Saroj Kumar Kasaju]

Dear Ushadi ,

Some links: 

https://etd.ohiolink.edu/rws_etd/document/get/ohiou992358342/inline

https://kb.osu.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/1811/52047/1/NeelHonorsThesis.pdf

Some horticulture friends told me few years back about 

the bad effects of this plant .

Thank you .

Saroj Kasaju

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Usha di
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[Ushadi Micromini]

Thank you, Saroj ji

i will read it, will be a while

the first one is her A. Christina W. Longbrake 's phd thesis,

and i have found a couple of her other position papers 

such as this one

http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=440

usha di 

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Usha di
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[Saroj Kasaju]

There are many links in google Ushadi.

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[Ushadi Micromini]

i know, it has been one of my favorite trees from the times past 

what i wanted was news like articles in nepal that may have started .

talking of positive and negative aspects of such plantations

usha di

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Usha di
===========

[Saroj Kasaju]

I shall check and let you know

Thank you Ushadi !

Saroj Kasaju

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Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

[J.M. Garg]

On thoroughly checking on net and all our posts, I think Paulownia tomentosa and Paulownia fortunei quite confusing. I could not find the difference between the two on net anywhere except in Flora of China.

Keys in Flora of China are as below:

4 (1)	Capsule oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, 6-10 cm; pericarp woody, 3-6 mm; inflorescences subcylindric; corolla ventral plaits inconspicuous; calyx 2-2.5 cm		4 Paulownia fortunei
+	Capsule ovoid, ovoid-ellipsoid, or ellipsoid, 3-5.5 cm; pericarp not woody, to 3 mm; inflorescences pyramidal or narrowly conical; corolla ventral plaits conspicuous; calyx to 2 cm.		(5)
5 (4)	Capsule viscid-glandular hairy; calyx lobes as long as or longer than tube, not glabrescent		1 Paulownia tomentosa
+	Capsule pubescent when young; calyx lobes shorter than tube, partly glabrescent.		(6)

Pl see the illustration of both as below:

http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3556&flora_id=2

http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2

From flowers it is very difficult to arriva eat the species. Also aspect of calyx is also confusing. I think most important character to separate the two is the fruit.

From fruit shape, I think it should be Paulownia fortunei as in

http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2

https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/paulownia-fortunei/

Fruit shape of Paulownia tomentosa is different as per

http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3556&flora_id=2

http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a888
https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/plants/paulownia-tomentosa

https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/subject.html?sub=2426

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With regards,
J.M.Garg

'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna'

Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia. 

For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group (largest in the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or Efloraofindia website (with a species database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).

The whole world uses my Image Resource of more than a thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as per Creative Commons license attached with each image.

Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of India'.

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

Garg ji, fruit size is also important. In this case, fruits are only 3-4 cm long (not more than 6cm as in case of O. fortunii). I have seen other plants as well but not the fruits in that case.  

Actually, both species were introduced in India by the Forest Research Institute Dehradun. I may be having flowering twigs of other species as well and will report back to you. 

Regards 

[J.M. Garg]

Pl. check if the pericarp was woody.

But proportional shape is clearly of Paulownia fortunei

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

Thank you for this key, Garg ji.

Many clues to the species identification are there in this key. I am going out to do some more research.

Regards 

[J.M. Garg]

Also send original image of fruit.

[J.M. Garg]

Were the flowering images from the same tree ?

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

Garg Ji, all of my photographs at efloraofindia are from the same
location and trees. I have another set of photographs from Solan,
which I perceive to be P. fortunei.

Regards

On 5/19/20, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Were the flowering images from the same tree ?
>
> On Tue, 19 May 2020 at 10:46, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> Also send original image of fruit.
>>
>> On Tue, 19 May 2020 at 10:45, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>>> Pl. check if the pericarp was woody.

>>> But proportional shape is clearly of *Paulownia fortunei *

>>>
>>> On Tue, 19 May 2020 at 10:28, Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur <
>>> aniltha...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>> Garg ji, fruit size is also important. In this case, fruits are only
>>>> 3-4
>>>> cm long (not more than 6cm as in case of O. fortunii). I have seen
>>>> other
>>>> plants as well but not the fruits in that case.
>>>> Actually, both species were introduced in India by the Forest Research
>>>> Institute Dehradun. I may be having flowering twigs of other species as
>>>> well and will report back to you.
>>>> Regards
>>>>
>>>> On Tue, 19 May, 2020, 10:05 AM J.M. Garg, <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
>>>>

>>>>> On thoroughly checking on net and all our posts, I think *Paulownia
>>>>> tomentosa *and *Paulownia fortunei *quite confusing. I could not find

>>>>> the difference between the two on net anywhere except in Flora of
>>>>> China.
>>>>>
>>>>> Keys in Flora of China

>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177>

>>>>> are as below:
>>>>> 4 (1)

>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-1>
>>>>> *Capsule
>>>>> oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, 6-10 cm*; pericarp woody, 3-6 mm;

>>>>> inflorescences subcylindric; corolla ventral plaits inconspicuous;
>>>>> calyx
>>>>> 2-2.5 cm 4 Paulownia fortunei

>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020797>
>>>>> + *Capsule ovoid, ovoid-ellipsoid, or ellipsoid, 3-5.5 cm*; pericarp

>>>>> not woody, to 3 mm; inflorescences pyramidal or narrowly conical;
>>>>> corolla
>>>>> ventral plaits conspicuous; calyx to 2 cm. (5)

>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-5>
>>>>>
>>>>> 5 (4)
>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-4>

>>>>> Capsule
>>>>> viscid-glandular hairy; calyx lobes as long as or longer than tube,
>>>>> not
>>>>> glabrescent 1 Paulownia tomentosa

>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020800>

>>>>> + Capsule pubescent when young; calyx lobes shorter than tube, partly
>>>>> glabrescent. (6)

>>>>> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-6>

>>>>>
>>>>> Pl see the illustration of both as below:
>>>>> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3556&flora_id=2
>>>>> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
>>>>>

>>>>> *From flowers it is very difficult to arriva eat the species. Also

>>>>> aspect of calyx is also confusing. I think most important character to

>>>>> separate the two is the fruit*.
>>>>>
>>>>> *From fruit shape, I think it should be **Paulownia fortunei *as in
>>>>> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
>>>>> https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/paulownia-fortunei/
>>>>>
>>>>> Fruit shape of *Paulownia tomentosa *is different as per

>>>>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>>>>>
>>>>> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

>>>>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>>>>>
>>>>> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian
>>>>> Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

>>>>> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in

>>>>> the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
>>>>> Efloraofindia

>>>>> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

>>>>> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more
>>>>> than
>>>>> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>>>>>
>>>>> The whole world uses my Image Resource

>>>>> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

>>>>> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants
>>>>> etc.
>>>>> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free
>>>>> as
>>>>> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>>>>>
>>>>> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
>>>>> India'.
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>
>>> --
>>> With regards,
>>> J.M.Garg
>>>
>>> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna'

>>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>>>
>>> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

>>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>>>
>>> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian
>>> Flora,
>>> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

>>> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the

>>> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
>>> Efloraofindia

>>> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

>>> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more
>>> than
>>> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>>>
>>> The whole world uses my Image Resource

>>> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

>>> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants
>>> etc.
>>> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free
>>> as
>>> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>>>
>>> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
>>> India'.
>>>
>>
>>
>> --
>> With regards,
>> J.M.Garg
>>
>> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna'

>> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>>
>> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

>> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>>
>> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora,
>> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

>> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the

>> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
>> Efloraofindia

>> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

>> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than
>> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>>
>> The whole world uses my Image Resource

>> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

>> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants
>> etc.
>> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as
>> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>>
>> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
>> India'.
>>
>
>
> --
> With regards,
> J.M.Garg
>
> 'Creating awareness of Indian Flora & Fauna'

> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>
> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>
> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora,
> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the

> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
> Efloraofindia

> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than
> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>
> The whole world uses my Image Resource

> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc.
> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as
> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>
> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
> India'.
>


--

With best Regards,

Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur

[J.M. Garg]

Dimensions given are from Flora of China. So in alien environment size, fruit size can vary a bit. But shape is more important. 

On Tue, 19 May 2020 at 10:28, Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur <aniltha...@gmail.com> wrote:

[J.M. Garg]

Flora of China says Mountain slopes, forests, mountain valleys, wastelands, below 2000 m for Paulownia fortunei (Seemann) Hemsley in F. B. Forbes & Hemsley and Usually cultivated, below 1800 m for Paulownia tomentosa

With regards,
J.M.Garg

Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia. 

For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group (largest in the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or Efloraofindia website (with a species database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).

The whole world uses my Image Resource of more than a thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as per Creative Commons license attached with each image.

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

Garg Ji, this plant has been introduced in H.P. by the forest
department from FRI, Dehradun. My identification was based on
"BOTANICA: The Illustrated A-Z of over 10,000 garden plants and how to
cultivate them" by Turner and Wassan. Attaching clicks of the book for
your reference. Details of my observations on my plant will be given
in next mail. Researching on that after clicking some more
photographs.

Regards






On 5/19/20, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Flora of China says Mountain slopes, forests, mountain valleys, wastelands,

> below 2000 m for *Paulownia fortunei* (Seemann) Hemsley in F. B. Forbes &
> Hemsley
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020797> and
> Usually cultivated, below 1800 m for *Paulownia tomentosa
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=210001437>*

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Anil ji,

There has always been misidentifications and confusions when it comes to introduced species.

Images of buds and flowers above does not prove anything.

I think best to go with the following, where fruit is also depicted:

http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2

https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/paulownia-fortunei/

Than there are cultivars as in

https://paulowniatrees.eu/learn-more/paulownia-species/

With regards,
J.M.Garg

Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia. 

For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group (largest in the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or Efloraofindia website (with a species database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).

The whole world uses my Image Resource of more than a thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as per Creative Commons license attached with each image.

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Anil ji, for the detailed and through analysis.

In the first image, I also see ripe ovate fruits.

I am convinced. 

On Tue, 19 May 2020 at 16:04, Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur <aniltha...@gmail.com> wrote:

Garg ji, I have tried to compared my plant with the description given
in the Flora of China. Kindly find attached a copy of comparision for
further reference. Based on these evidences, it appears that my plant
is Paulownia tomentosa only. I had clicked some plants in the campus
of Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry at Solan a
few years back, which I was presuming as P. fortunei. I'll see them
again in new lighjt. Some more photographs are attached. The number of
flowers per cymes are clearly visible in one of the photographs.
Measurements of leaves and old fruits (they remain on plants for
longer periods) are taken today only. Leaf size can still increase as
they start appearing only in the month of April.

Regards




On 5/19/20, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On thoroughly checking on net and all our posts, I think *Paulownia

> tomentosa *and *Paulownia fortunei *quite confusing. I could not find the

> difference between the two on net anywhere except in Flora of China.
>
> Keys in Flora of China

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177> are as
> below:
> 4 (1)
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-1>
> *Capsule
> oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, 6-10 cm*; pericarp woody, 3-6 mm;

> inflorescences subcylindric; corolla ventral plaits inconspicuous; calyx
> 2-2.5 cm   4 Paulownia fortunei

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020797>
> + *Capsule ovoid, ovoid-ellipsoid, or ellipsoid, 3-5.5 cm*; pericarp not

> woody, to 3 mm; inflorescences pyramidal or narrowly conical; corolla
> ventral plaits conspicuous; calyx to 2 cm.   (5)

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-5>
>
> 5 (4)
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-4>

> Capsule
> viscid-glandular hairy; calyx lobes as long as or longer than tube, not
> glabrescent   1 Paulownia tomentosa

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020800>

> + Capsule pubescent when young; calyx lobes shorter than tube, partly
> glabrescent.   (6)

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-6>

>
> Pl see the illustration of both as below:
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3556&flora_id=2
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
>

> *From flowers it is very difficult to arriva eat the species. Also aspect

> of calyx is also confusing. I think most important character to separate

> the two is the fruit*.
>
> *From fruit shape, I think it should be **Paulownia fortunei *as in
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
> https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/paulownia-fortunei/
>
> Fruit shape of *Paulownia tomentosa *is different as per

> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>
> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>
> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora,
> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the

> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
> Efloraofindia

> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than
> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>
> The whole world uses my Image Resource

> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc.
> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as
> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>
> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
> India'.
>

--
With best Regards,

Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Anil ji, for the superb images as well as all the hard work.

We are all doing this research work day in and day out (and publishing on our site), except for publication in research magazines.

With regards,
J.M.Garg

Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia. 

For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group (largest in the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or Efloraofindia website (with a species database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).

The whole world uses my Image Resource of more than a thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as per Creative Commons license attached with each image.

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

It is your hard work, Garg ji. You are curating each and every species
and devoting lots of time researching all these.
We are contributing only rarely, whenever getting time.
I believe, that there should be nothing inconclusive. So, clicked more
photographs today.
Fruit size and pericarp thickness is quite different in these two
species. More thickness makes P. fortunei fruits woody.

[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Anil ji.

Problem is all the research is not reaching to the laymen as well as the botanists, which we are trying to do.

With regards,
J.M.Garg

Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia. 

For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora, please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group (largest in the world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or Efloraofindia website (with a species database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).

The whole world uses my Image Resource of more than a thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc. (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as per Creative Commons license attached with each image.

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

[Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur]

Canopy architecture is an important character if the plants are
growing undisturbed.

Regards

[J.M. Garg]

---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur <aniltha...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 19 May 2020 at 16:04
Subject: Re: [efloraofindia:306297] Re: Paulownia tomentosa
To: J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com>
Cc: efloraofindia <indian...@googlegroups.com>, Nidhan Singh <nidhans...@gmail.com>, Bimal Sar kar <Bima...@gmail.com>, Saroj Kasaju <kasaj...@gmail.com>

Garg ji, I have tried to compared my plant with the description given
in the Flora of China. Kindly find attached a copy of comparision for
further reference. Based on these evidences, it appears that my plant
is Paulownia tomentosa only. I had clicked some plants in the campus
of Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry at Solan a
few years back, which I was presuming as P. fortunei. I'll see them
again in new lighjt. Some more photographs are attached. The number of
flowers per cymes are clearly visible in one of the photographs.
Measurements of leaves and old fruits (they remain on plants for
longer periods) are taken today only. Leaf size can still increase as
they start appearing only in the month of April.

Regards




On 5/19/20, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On thoroughly checking on net and all our posts, I think *Paulownia

> tomentosa *and *Paulownia fortunei *quite confusing. I could not find the

> difference between the two on net anywhere except in Flora of China.
>
> Keys in Flora of China

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177> are as
> below:
> 4 (1)
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-1>
> *Capsule
> oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, 6-10 cm*; pericarp woody, 3-6 mm;

> inflorescences subcylindric; corolla ventral plaits inconspicuous; calyx
> 2-2.5 cm   4 Paulownia fortunei

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020797>
> + *Capsule ovoid, ovoid-ellipsoid, or ellipsoid, 3-5.5 cm*; pericarp not

> woody, to 3 mm; inflorescences pyramidal or narrowly conical; corolla
> ventral plaits conspicuous; calyx to 2 cm.   (5)

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-5>
>
> 5 (4)
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-4>

> Capsule
> viscid-glandular hairy; calyx lobes as long as or longer than tube, not
> glabrescent   1 Paulownia tomentosa

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020800>

> + Capsule pubescent when young; calyx lobes shorter than tube, partly
> glabrescent.   (6)

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-6>

>
> Pl see the illustration of both as below:
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3556&flora_id=2
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
>

> *From flowers it is very difficult to arriva eat the species. Also aspect

> of calyx is also confusing. I think most important character to separate

> the two is the fruit*.
>
> *From fruit shape, I think it should be **Paulownia fortunei *as in
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
> https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/paulownia-fortunei/
>
> Fruit shape of *Paulownia tomentosa *is different as per

> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>
> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>
> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora,
> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the

> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
> Efloraofindia

> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than
> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>
> The whole world uses my Image Resource

> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc.
> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as
> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>
> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
> India'.
>

--
With best Regards,

Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur

[J.M. Garg]

---------- Forwarded message ---------
From: Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur <aniltha...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 19 May 2020 at 16:04
Subject: Re: [efloraofindia:306297] Re: Paulownia tomentosa
To: J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com>
Cc: efloraofindia <indian...@googlegroups.com>, Nidhan Singh <nidhans...@gmail.com>, Bimal Sar kar <Bima...@gmail.com>, Saroj Kasaju <kasaj...@gmail.com>

Garg ji, I have tried to compared my plant with the description given
in the Flora of China. Kindly find attached a copy of comparision for
further reference. Based on these evidences, it appears that my plant
is Paulownia tomentosa only. I had clicked some plants in the campus
of Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry at Solan a
few years back, which I was presuming as P. fortunei. I'll see them
again in new lighjt. Some more photographs are attached. The number of
flowers per cymes are clearly visible in one of the photographs.
Measurements of leaves and old fruits (they remain on plants for
longer periods) are taken today only. Leaf size can still increase as
they start appearing only in the month of April.

Regards




On 5/19/20, J.M. Garg <jmg...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On thoroughly checking on net and all our posts, I think *Paulownia

> tomentosa *and *Paulownia fortunei *quite confusing. I could not find the

> difference between the two on net anywhere except in Flora of China.
>
> Keys in Flora of China

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177> are as
> below:
> 4 (1)
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-1>
> *Capsule
> oblong to oblong-ellipsoid, 6-10 cm*; pericarp woody, 3-6 mm;

> inflorescences subcylindric; corolla ventral plaits inconspicuous; calyx
> 2-2.5 cm   4 Paulownia fortunei

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020797>
> + *Capsule ovoid, ovoid-ellipsoid, or ellipsoid, 3-5.5 cm*; pericarp not

> woody, to 3 mm; inflorescences pyramidal or narrowly conical; corolla
> ventral plaits conspicuous; calyx to 2 cm.   (5)

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-5>
>
> 5 (4)
> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-4>

> Capsule
> viscid-glandular hairy; calyx lobes as long as or longer than tube, not
> glabrescent   1 Paulownia tomentosa

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200020800>

> + Capsule pubescent when young; calyx lobes shorter than tube, partly
> glabrescent.   (6)

> <http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=124177#KEY-1-6>

>
> Pl see the illustration of both as below:
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3556&flora_id=2
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
>

> *From flowers it is very difficult to arriva eat the species. Also aspect

> of calyx is also confusing. I think most important character to separate

> the two is the fruit*.
>
> *From fruit shape, I think it should be **Paulownia fortunei *as in
> http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=3554&flora_id=2
> https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/paulownia-fortunei/
>
> Fruit shape of *Paulownia tomentosa *is different as per

> <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jmgarg1>

>
> Winner of Wipro-NFS Sparrow Awards 2014 for efloraofindia

> <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/award-for-efloraofindia>.

>
> For identification, learning, discussion & documentation of Indian Flora,
> please visit/ join our Efloraofindia Google e-group

> <https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/indiantreepix> (largest in the

> world- more than 3,000 members & 3,00,000 messages on 23.8.18) or
> Efloraofindia

> website <https://sites.google.com/site/efloraofindia/> (with a species

> database of more than 13,000 species & 3,00,000 images of which more than
> 2,50,000 images are directly displayed on 31.1.20).
>
> The whole world uses my Image Resource

> <http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:J.M.Garg> of more than a

> thousand species & eight thousand images of Birds, Butterflies, Plants etc.
> (arranged alphabetically & place-wise). You can also use them for free as
> per Creative Commons license attached with each image.
>
> Also author of 'A Photoguide to the Birds of Kolkata & Common Birds of
> India'.
>

--
With best Regards,

Dr. Anil Kumar Thakur