Three similar crucifers with appressed fruits

[Gurcharan Singh]

Almost every one of us has seen seeds of Brassica nigra (RAI), the ingrediant of most pickles, but not many must have seen

its plant, and that too in fruiting. The species is distinct from all other species in that slender fruits are parallel to the axis, almost touching (appressed). On my visit to Kashmir after several years I was surprised to see a crucifer with similar appressed fruits but smaller flowers in area of my Ph.D research, with different hairy stems and leaves and most horizontal branches, a plant never seen by me before in Kashmir. This plant reminded me of similar crucifer I had seen in California, identified as Hirschfeldia incana, but on detailed investigation it turned out to be Sisymbrium officinale, first reported in India from Kashmir in 1975, and subsequently from Manali in Himachal Pradesh. I am presenting three species here.

1. Brassica nigra (Black Mustard): Vikas Puri, Delhi, December 18, 2013 (A-D) (flowers 10-12 mm across, petals 8-10 mm long, 3-4 mm broad, clawed, pod 1-2 cm long, torulose, with 2-3 mm long seedless beak, seeds 3-5 in each locule)

2. Sisymbrium officinale (Hedge Mustard): Dachhigam Kashmir, June 4, 2012 (E-H) (flowers 3-4 mm across, petals 4 mm long, 1-2 mmbroad, pod 1-1.5 cm long, seeds 10-11 in each locule)

3. Hirschfeldia incana (Shortpod mustard): California, October 2, 2010 (I-L) (Flowers with petals 5-10 mm long, fruit 7-15 mm long, jointed, seeds 3-5 per locule, terminal segment 3-6 mm long, 1-2 seeded) .........for comparison only

Dr. Gurcharan Singh

Retired  Associate Professor
SGTB Khalsa College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007
Res: 932 Anand Kunj, Vikas Puri, New Delhi-110018.
Mob: 9810359089

https://sing96.wixsite.com/mysite-1

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[J.M. Garg]

Thanks, Singh ji, for the wonderful presentation and details. 

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With regards,
J. M. Garg

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[Saroj Kasaju]

Very informative Dr. Singh.

Thank you.

Saroj Kasaju

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