Adding zenith shot

[Carl Ovenschotel]

Peoples,

I have a nice panorama made of 12 shots; 6 shots horizontaly slightly down, 6 shots horizontaly slightly up.

https://i.imgur.com/H3RZtiO.jpg

I have one more shot of the zenith with the same lens. It should fill the hole in the panorama. How can I blend that shot in?

I would like to tell Hugin that the shot is vertical, with the same lens. Eventually correct the azimuth somewhat and then have Hugin blend it in.

Thanks in advance ;)

[johnfi...@gmail.com]

I don't understand your question and/or your intent.

You have a panorama that has been formed into a reasonable single image by some projection.  You want to add an image to fill the hole on top, which I expect means that same projection would no longer be reasonable.  I think no projection would give desirable results.

That is the reason panorama viewing programs exist, rather than always projecting the whole panorama onto a single flat image.

If your intent is to use some panorama viewing program and to use hugin to prepare your panorama for use in that program, I'm sure someone here (not me) can give you some pointers to existing instructions for doing so.  But they probably won't unless you make it clear that is the question you are really asking.

If you instead are asking for the magic projection that makes more than half of a sphere into a not-terribly-distorted flat image, I don't think it exists, especially since you don't want the focus to be on the pole, but the pole would be the center of the flattened half+ sphere.

[Luís Henrique Camargo Quiroz]

   Hi,

   Have you seen https://panospace.wordpress.com/2008/03/18/edit-the-nadir/ and other tutorials at https://wiki.panotools.org/Tutorials#Zenith_and_Nadir_retouching? They may give some clues.

   What I do: I just create control points connecting the nadir with other 'pointing down' images, then I optimize. This is all done in Hugin. If the nadir shot is good, without (noticeable) parallax, the result will be good enough; in a few cases minor retouches will make it be 'magically perfect'. You know, the tripod disappears, and people will wonder how you made that happen...

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Luis Henrique Camargo Quiroz
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[dkloi]

You can manually place the zenith shot. In Expert Mode, under Geometric Optimisation choose Custom Parameters. This will bring enable the Optimizer tab. You can then manually enter the desired yaw, pitch, and roll parameters of the zenith shot.

From your example, I'm not sure your lens is wide enough to cover the zenith. What's the camera, lens, and shot pattern you're using?

[Carl Ovenschotel]

Thanks John, Luís, Dkloi.

The page "Edit the nadir" was the page I was looking for. I can open the panorama.tif and then place a zenith photo anywhere i want.

@Dkloi, the zenith photo covers the hole when I reduce the focal length enough. But it doesnt look nice so I have to redo this panorama.

It's a Nikon D7500, Nikon 18-105 zoom at 18 mm (18×1,5=27 mm), shot pattern is 6 horizontal shots with the horizon very high, 6 horizontal shots with the horizon very low, 1×zenith, 1×nadir.

I have done it before and it worked *just* but this time apparently I've done it not right. To much overlap in the horizontals.

[dkloi]

I have shot using an APS-C camera and 17mm (on a 17-50mm zoom) using a panohead and the pattern I used was (shot in portrait orientation) 10 shots at 0 deg pitch, 10 shots at +/-45 deg pitch, + Zenith and Nadir shots. I could have reduced it to 8 shots at +/-45 deg I think but it was easier to use the same number of shots as the 0 deg pitch row.

It sounds as if you are not taking sufficient shots to cover the entire sphere, particularly the top and bottom of the sphere. You shouldn't artificially increase the field of view of the zenith (by reducing its focal length), but should take more shots to properly cover all directions. If you aren't using a panohead to make sure you are rotating around the lens entrance pupil, I would strongly suggest getting one to avoid parallax problems.

You can mock up a shot pattern by importing a dummy image into Hugin (create an image with the correct aspect ratio and manually input the lens parameters, focal length and projection type) multiple times and manually place them to check the placement to cover the entire sphere (check using the panorama preview). I use dummy images of different colours to make it easier to see the overlap of the shots.