Hi Bernhard,
I’m not sure exactly what you’re asking here. GSEA internally calculates a metric by which the gene expression is differentially ranked between two phenotypes, by default this uses the signal to noise ratio, a metric which incorporates information about the magnitude of the mean change between the phenotypes and the standard deviation of the change. The options for ranking metrics built into GSEA are described in the relevant section of our user guide: https://www.gsea-msigdb.org/gsea/doc/GSEAUserGuideTEXT.htm#_Metrics_for_Ranking
GSEA is not concerned with the significance of any individual gene’s change per-se, rather, it uses all information about all the genes’ changes “significant” or not, to determine if a gene set as a whole is significantly perturbed.
-Anthony
Anthony S. Castanza, PhD
Curator, Molecular Signatures Database
Mesirov Lab, Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
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