I was able to fix the the above issue causing the error "Value 'ie8' in not a valid value for property 'user.agent'" by providing my own version of the ".../com/sencha/gxt/core/Core.gwt.xml"-file (the original is in gxt-4.0.2.jar) in which I commented away the outdated stuff following the " <!-- Restrict the permutation explosion -->" comment.
...
[INFO] Compiling module ch.zh.ksta.zhquest.ZHQuestWebDevelopment
[INFO] [ERROR] Unexpected internal compiler error
[INFO] java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
[INFO] at org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor.<init>(Unknown Source)
[INFO] at org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor.<init>(Unknown Source)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.BytecodeSignatureMaker$CompileDependencyVisitor.<init>(BytecodeSignatureMaker.java:59)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.BytecodeSignatureMaker.visitCompileDependenciesInBytecode(BytecodeSignatureMaker.java:227)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.BytecodeSignatureMaker.getCompileDependencySignature(BytecodeSignatureMaker.java:209)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.CompiledClass.getSignatureHash(CompiledClass.java:166)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.Dependencies$Ref.<init>(Dependencies.java:41)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.Dependencies$Ref.<init>(Dependencies.java:36)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.Dependencies.resolve(Dependencies.java:100)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.CompilationStateBuilder$CompileMoreLater.compile(CompilationStateBuilder.java:349)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.CompilationStateBuilder.doBuildFrom(CompilationStateBuilder.java:532)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.javac.CompilationStateBuilder.buildFrom(CompilationStateBuilder.java:464)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.cfg.ModuleDef.getCompilationState(ModuleDef.java:423)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Precompile.precompile(Precompile.java:210)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Precompile.precompile(Precompile.java:190)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Precompile.precompile(Precompile.java:131)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:192)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:143)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.compile(Compiler.java:132)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler$1.run(Compiler.java:110)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.doRun(CompileTaskRunner.java:55)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.CompileTaskRunner.runWithAppropriateLogger(CompileTaskRunner.java:50)
[INFO] at com.google.gwt.dev.Compiler.main(Compiler.java:113)
WTF?