Respected Sir,
Greetings for the day!
In any research continuum discussions(in the quantitative studies and under the umbrella of Positivism), there are following steps adhered very seriously:
a. Observations are usually called the "NOUMENA" or pure sensory experiences leading to the formation of "layers of observation" .
b. Patterns identified as "PHENOMENA" or "Schemata"
c. Dichotomies like "deductive and inductive", "subject and object", "mind and brain", etc.
d. At the pattern levels, concepts are formed
e. The total summation of concepts leads to the theoretical development, building and using them
f. Various concepts help in the making of the theories
g. Models are formed via theories
These are discussed in the books authored by Saunders et al, Dr. Arindam Bhattacharya, and others. I keep highlighting these above-mentioned points in my workshops. There are a number of papers published on these points also. For example
2.
: Pielsticker, F. (2021). Concept Formation Processes regarding Height and Base in Triangles. International Electronic Journal of
Mathematics Education
The scholars and faculties who attended some of my workshops may read the given paper by Neeraj Sir. There is "hot iron" in front of you. why not hit it with the hammer and identify the errors or anomalies through Popperian "Theory of Falsification" or Kuhnian "Paradigm Shift". Also kindly observe whether the author has focused on abstract or concrete concepts in his paper.
Thanks and regards,
Ramani Swarna