logic programming - find synonyms of a given word
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SideStep
Apr 9, 2021, 2:31:54 PM4/9/21
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Task is to write a program that can decide whether two words are synonyms or not.
I have pairs of synonymous words, E.g.:
[big large]
[large huge]
[small little]
We can derive the synonymous relationship indirectly: if big is a
synonym for large and large is a synonym for huge then big is a synonym
for huge.
Being synonyms doesn’t depend on order, e.g. if big is a synonym for large then large is a synonym for big.
The program has to answer whether given two words are synonyms or not.
This seems to me as a good candidate for logic programming, e.g. with clojure.core.logic.
a. How to state the input pairs of synonyms as logical statements/constraints?
b. How to perform a query to find all synonyms of a given word?
Or perhaps I am yack shaving? What would be a simpler way to solve this?
This question is also on stackowerflow, if you want to get some points:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67002758/logic-programming-find-synonyms-of-a-given-word
Blake Watson
Apr 10, 2021, 2:04:41 AM4/10/21
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In practice I would probably just build a map, word : #setofsynonyms and whenever a synonym was added [a b], I would add b to a's set and a to b's set.
Or, even more likely, a vector, because "a" is probably a homonym (if we're talking English) and if "a" is "bank", I need one set of synonyms for "places to put your money" and another set for "the side of a river" and another set for "to hit [an object] off a wall or other barrier". Unless you have some other annotation besides the word so that you can distinguish "bank[1]" from "bank[2]" and "bank[3]".
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Nesvarbu Nereikia
Apr 10, 2021, 6:12:23 AM4/10/21
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Thanks Blake, the map of sets was my first intuition too. But I don't think we can derive that big is a synonym of huge from such an index. If you look at the example input.
In practice I would probably just build a map, word : #setofsynonyms and whenever a synonym was added [a b], I would add b to a's set and a to b's set.Or, even more likely, a vector, because "a" is probably a homonym (if we're talking English) and if "a" is "bank", I need one set of synonyms for "places to put your money" and another set for "the side of a river" and another set for "to hit [an object] off a wall or other barrier". Unless you have some other annotation besides the word so that you can distinguish "bank[1]" from "bank[2]" and "bank[3]".
On Fri, Apr 9, 2021 at 7:32 AM SideStep <nesvarb...@gmail.com> wrote:
Task is to write a program that can decide whether two words are synonyms or not.--I have pairs of synonymous words, E.g.:
[big large] [large huge] [small little]We can derive the synonymous relationship indirectly: if big is a synonym for large and large is a synonym for huge then big is a synonym for huge.
Being synonyms doesn’t depend on order, e.g. if big is a synonym for large then large is a synonym for big.The program has to answer whether given two words are synonyms or not.
This seems to me as a good candidate for logic programming, e.g. with clojure.core.logic.
a. How to state the input pairs of synonyms as logical statements/constraints?
b. How to perform a query to find all synonyms of a given word?Or perhaps I am yack shaving? What would be a simpler way to solve this?
This question is also on stackowerflow, if you want to get some points:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67002758/logic-programming-find-synonyms-of-a-given-word
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SideStep
Apr 10, 2021, 11:14:25 AM4/10/21
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P.S. What you suggest can be used as adjacency graph, and synonyms can be found through good old Breath First Search on it to find a presence/absence of path between two words.
Blake Watson
Apr 10, 2021, 7:11:13 PM4/10/21
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||. But I don't think we can derive that big is a synonym of huge from such an index.
Well, you can if you invert it:
0. Have an arbitrary "meaning" counter set to 0.
1. The first pair are new, so you increment your meaning counter and create set #1 containing the first pair.
2. When subsequent pairs come up, you check your sets for existence of either word.
3. If either exists, put them in the set, else do what you did in #1.
4. If both exist, merge the sets they're in.
[big large]
[large huge]
[small little]
You end up with: #{big large huge} and #{small little} Now, if you have:
[big large]
[large huge]
[humongous enormous]
[humongous huge]
You get #{big large huge} and #{humongous enormous}, and this becomes
#{big large huge humongous enormous}. (And now I can't stop thinking "Big McLargeHuge!")
You have to check each set for the presence of a word, of course, and at some point you might want to optimize for that, but it gets you all the words that are synonyms. Including:
[with alongside]
[against versus]
[with against]
Where you have a set that contains #{with alongside against verus}. Because, as often happens in English, a word has two meanings that are not only different but antonyms. ("The whisky is agreeable but the meat has gone bad!")
I have actually used schemes like this in contexts where the synonyms are exclusive, but it does assume that "big = large = huge", i.e. that there's no distinction between a direct connection and an inferred one.
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