Rules for giving daana

[venkat veeraraghavan]

Dear Vidvans,

What are the rules to be followed while giving daanam?

What mantras are to be chanted while offering daanam?

We see in the Ramayana and in Mahabharata that the one desirous of daanam approaches the giver or is summoned by the giver.

Is that still the practise today?

Also can daanam be given during Surya grahana kaala?
Are there any special rules for the same?

Thanks.

Regards,

Venkat

[Jagannatha S]

Dana mayukha of Nilakantha deals with daanas.

https://ia802905.us.archive.org/5/items/danamayukhanilakanthabhatta_202003_715_Y/Dana%20Mayukha%20Nilakantha%20Bhatta.pdf  

On Wed, Jun 10, 2020 at 10:35 AM Bhupal <bhupa...@gmail.com> wrote:

Naimittika Daan is like Samkranti Daan, Grahana (Eclipse) Daan, Daan at auspicious occasions like weddings, Vraths etc.

Significance of Daan (Charity)-Its Profile and Fruits

In the ‘Kaumarika Khand’ of the present Skanda Purana, some details of Pandava’s ‘Vanavasa’ (forest life) for twelve years pursuant to the unjust game of chess by Kauravas and Arjun’s ‘Tirtha Yatras’ or visits to Holy Places and Rivers were described. The important Tirthas were Kumaresh Tirtha, Stambhesh Tirtha, Varkareswari Tirtha, Mahakaleswara Tirtha, and Siddheswari Tirtha.

But these Tirthas were infested by crocodiles and used to pull down ‘Tapasvis’ from river beds into water and kill them. Thus nobody dared to enter the Tirthas. Some persons warned Arjuna but he did not heed the advice and was caught by a crocodile which was forcibly drawn out of water and hurt so much that it was almost killed. From the dying crocodile emerged an ‘Apsara’ or a Divine Damsel. Similarly crocodiles from other Tirthas also turned out to be Apsaras and told Arjuna of their experience of a Tapasvi on a river bank attracted them but the Brahmana cursed them to become crocodiles till such time that a mighty warrior entered the waters and dragged the curse-ridden crocodiles forcibly on to the banks of the Rivers. The four Apsaras so redeemed by Arjuna were Sourabhi, Sameyi, Budbuda and Lata and henceforth the Sacred Tirthas were made accessible and active once again.

Thereafter, Arjuna visited the Ashram of Sage Narada and secured blessings, especially since Arjun made the ‘Panchaapsara Tirthas’ accessible once again. In this context, Narada described to Arjun about ‘daan’ (charity), its two ‘hethus’ (varieties), six ‘Adhishtaans’ (Reasons), six ‘Anks’ (Parties), two ‘Parinaams’ (end results or fruits), three bhedas (classifications) and three ‘Vinas Saadhanas’ (negative results).
The two ‘hethus’as normally perceived are about the size of the charity-small or big- as also of the quality. But such ‘hethus’ are not as important as the ‘shraddha’ or dedication and devotion are. Bhagavan Siva would be pleased only by the sincerity and pure heart that is attached to the charity rather than any other aspect.

Again, ‘Dhana Daan’ or the charity of money is more popular than ‘Vastu Daan’ or charity of material, ‘Vastra Daan’or charity of clothes etc. since charity of money would buy back Vastu or Vastra.
Then the six ‘Adhishtaans’ or reasons of Daan are: ‘Dharma Daan’ without strings attached ie.
Daan given to the Virtuous or Dharmatmas;
‘Artha Daan’ keeping in view some purpose or utility;
‘Kaama Daan’ like favours for women, wine or such other benefits in view;
‘Lajja Daan is due to compulsions of Public or Society;
‘Harsha Daan’ is made on receiving good news and out of happiness; and
‘Bhaya daan’ out of compulsion, fear or avoidance of  risks.

The six ‘Anks’ or donor/receiver parties are as follows:
The Positive Donors are ‘Daatas’ by nature; the ‘Dharmatmas’ or the Virtuous; those desirous of donating willingly and happily; the ‘Vyasana rahit’ or devoid of bad habits; ‘Pavitra’ or Symbols of Purity and ‘Anindaneeya’ or the blemishless.
The Negative Donors are ill mannered, indolent, evil minded, persons of bad habits, persons who swear to support the Evil and persons who are sleepy!

Among the Good Receivers of Charity are those of good ‘Kula’ or caste, who has ‘Vidya’ or good Education, good ‘Aachaar’ or family bearing / tradition, earners of rightful way of life or of Satvik Life, of kind heart, ‘Jitendriya’ or of Controlled Emotions and finally of excellent parenthood.
The second category of receivers of donations is of pleasant visage, of sincerity and thankfulness but not of demanding nature, cantankerous or mean. The donors of charity must have the perspective of what kind of material is required or useful to the receiver or otherwise the purpose of charity would be defeated.The two ‘Parinams’or end results/fruits are either gain of ‘Punya’for the ‘Paralok’ or after death or for use in ‘Ihalok’ or the current life to the receiver.

The latter ‘Dannas’ or for the use of Ihalok are of four types viz. Dhruva, Trika, Kamya and Naimittika.
Dhruva is for public use like digging wells, construction of Temples, gardens, Choultries, schools etc.
Trikha is for daily utility like ‘Nithya Daan’, say Vidya Daan. 
Kamya Daan is to fulfill one’s own desires like victory, wealth, might etc.
Naimittika Daan is like Samkranti Daan, Grahana (Eclipse) Daan, Daan at auspicious occasions like weddings, Vraths etc. or
Kriyapeksha Daan like Shraadh, Vratas etc.;
Gunapeksha Daan like Vidyabhyas and so on.

Three ‘Bhedas’or types of Daan are classified; the best types are charity of houses, temples, buildings, Bhumi (farms / fields), cows, Wells, gold and ornaments and the best of course is to give away one’s own life itself as ‘Daan’.
The Secondary Variety of charity relates to Anna (Food grains), Vastra (Clothing), ‘Vahan’ etc.
The tertiary kind of Daan is to donate footwear, umbrellas, utensils, curd, honey, ‘Asan’ or seating, deepa or Light, wood, stones etc.

Now, there are three kinds of ‘Daan Naashak’ reasons viz.
‘Paschattaap’ or regret of having given the Daan;
‘Apaatra Daan’ or charity to the wrong and unserved person or
‘Ashraddha Daan’is to a person on account of laziness.
Paschattapaya Daan indicates as to why the Daan is given at all;
Ashraddha Daan is Rakshasa Daan and Apaatra Daan is as bad as not giving it away.
The worst Daan is ‘Paisacha Daan’ or the charity duly given is returned under duress or due to the bad behaviour of the receiver or the donor.

Incidentally, Apaatra Daan should be avoided to an undeserving Brahmana who is bereft of ‘Vidya’, sells his/her conscience if his Bhumi is accepted; if he accepts a cow to kill it or sell it; if he accepts gold to encash it, a horse that might destroy the receiver’s eyes; Vastra to harm his wife; ghee his manliness; til seeds that might harm his children and so on.

Source: http://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/details/skandapurana11.html

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[venkat veeraraghavan]

Dear Shri Bhupal ji

Thanks for the information.

I'd like to raise a few concerns if I may:

"The gift should be given to one who cannot return the good or to one from whom no such return is expected.It is necessary to be in Kurukshetra or Varanasi or any part of the world that is really sacred when one offers gifts. The time should be during solar or lunar eclips or an eally auspicious occasion."

If one observes Shri Rama's yatra daanam before setting out to the forest, some of the daana was done to friends and wives of preceptors etc.

Although what is suggested is ideal.

  Most sanatanis do not go out of their homes during grahana kaala.  This is as true for the recipients as it is for the givers of daanam.

What is the protocol in such situations?

Is it respectful to invite such people home before grahana kaala and make the daana in one's own home?

Or is it better to go to their place?

 " Brahmanas should be offered Vastra and fed."

While generally feeding people is not a problem, this becomes an issue during grahana kaala when consumption of food is nishedha. Many shishtas fast from a few hours before a grahana to a few hours afterwards.

What is to be done in such a situation?

Kind Regards,

Venkat

On Wed, Jun 10, 2020 at 10:35 AM Bhupal <bhupa...@gmail.com> wrote:

Bhagavad Gita - 17.20
दातव्यमिति यद्दानं दीयतेऽनुपकारिणे।
देशे काले च पात्रे च तद्दानं सात्त्विकं स्मृतम्।।
English Commentary By Swami Sivananda
17.20 दातव्यम् ought to be given? इति thus? यत् that? दानम् gift? दीयते is given? अनुपकारिणे to one who does no service (in return)? देशे in a fit place? काले in time? च and? पात्रे to a worthy person? च and? तत् that? दानम् gift? सात्त्विकम् Sattvic? स्मृतम् is held to be.
Commentary
The gift should be given to one who cannot return the good or to one from whom no such return is expected.It is necessary to be in Kurukshetra or Varanasi or any part of the world that is eally sacred when one offes gifts. The time should be during solar or lunar eclips or an eally auspicious occasion.Worthy A pious person who is a Tapasvin? who is well versed in the scriptures (the Vedas and the,Vedangas)? who is able to protect himself and the donor? etc.At such a time and such a place there shoule be a person worthy to receive the gift? a person who is the very incarnation of purity? the very abode of good conduct. A gift may be freely given to such a highly deserving person. The donor should not boast of his charity.
Source: https://www.gitasupersite.iitk.ac.in/srimad?language=dv&field_chapter_value=17&field_nsutra_value=20&htrskd=1&httyn=1&htshg=1&scsh=1&ecsiva=1&choose=1

श्रद्धया देयम् ।  Give with Faith,
अश्रद्धयाऽदेयम् ।  Give not without Faith;
श्रिया देयम् ।  Give in Plenty,
ह्रिया देयम् ।  Give with Modesty,
भिया देयम् ।  Give with Awe,
संविदा देयम् ।  Give with Sympathy.
Source: तैत्तिरीयोपनिषदि शीक्षावल्लीनामप्रथमोध्याये एकादशोऽनुवाकः - https://sanskritdocuments.org/doc_upanishhat/shikshaavalii.html

Six are the duties assigned to brahmana- study of Vedas, teaching Vedas, performing yagas, guiding others in yagas, giving danam (ceremonial gifts) and receiving danam.
“Svadhyayo yajanam danam tasya karma iti sthitih|
Karmanyadhyapanam chaiva yajanam cha pratigrahah||”
While accepting danam, he should not aspire for accumulation of wealth, but keep the minimum required for running the family. In earlier times he studied all the four Vedas, each in twelve years.
Kshatriya was assigned five duties- study of Vedas, performing yagas, giving danam, protecting the citizens, and punishing the guilty. Vaisya was assigned the duties of study of Vedas, performing yagas, giving danam, protecting cows and engaging in agriculture, trade etc. Sudra was assigned the duties of working in agriculture, carpentry etc.,sculpture, dance and adoring brahmana etc.
Source: http://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/articles/VEDIC%20RELIGION%20(MATHAM).html

Emphasis is laid on Danam to be given to a ‘Sat Patram’, a suitable recipient. ‘Sat Patram’ is defined as one who observes the Sastraic rules of conduct (Aachara), austerities (Tapas), chanting of Veda, listening to Vedanta, Puja of Siva and Vishnu, giving discourses on Puranas and their import etc. If suitable ‘Sat Patram’ is not available, Danam should be mentally carried out to a Sat Patram and given to him later. Danam of bronze vessel filled with milk, fruits, jaggery, ghee and Tambulam, Yagnopavita, and cow with calf is recommended. Brahmanas should be offered Vastra and fed.
Source: https://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/articles/Mahodayam.html

Following are the slokas in praise of Kesava and Sravana Nakshatra, Chandra, Vyatipata and Vishnu, to be chanted while giving Danam:
श्रवणर्क्षे जगन्नाथ जन्मर्क्षे तव केशव ।
यन्मया दत्तमर्थिभ्यः तदक्षयं-इहास्तु मे ॥
नक्षत्राणां-अधिपते देवानां-अमृतप्रद ।
त्राहि मां रोहिणीकान्त कलाशेष नमोस्तु ते ॥
दीननाथ जगन्नाथ कलानाथ कृपाकर ।
त्वत्पादपद्मयुगल-भक्तिरस्वचला मम ॥
व्यतीपात नमस्तेऽस्तु सोमसूर्याग्निसन्निभ ।
यद्दानादि कृतं किञ्चित्-तदक्षयं-इहास्तु ते ॥
अर्थिनां कल्पवृक्षोऽसि वासुदेव जनार्दन ।
मासर्त्वयनकालेश पापं शमय मे हरे ॥
Source: https://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/articles/Mahodayam.html

Aa.Kaa.Maa.Vai
In the months of Aashaadha, Kaarthika, Maagha and Vaisakha, on days when Pournami tithi extends in Sunrise hours, it is very meritorious to bathe in rivers before Sunrise. It is also recommended to give danam on these days.
Source: https://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/books/Balabodha%20Sangraham%20-%202.html by Sri Atma Bodha Tirtha Swamiji

Samamabraahmane daanam dvigunam braahmanabruve, praadheete shatasaahasramanantam veda -paarage/
Paatrasya hi visheshena shraddadhaanatayaiva cha, alpam vaa bahu vaa pretya daanasya phalamashnute/
While charity is offered to any of Varnas then there would be good returns of ‗sukrita phala‘, but once that daana is given to a Brahmana the returns get doubled ; once that daanas are executed to a well read and knowledgeble Brahmana, the fruits get further intensified hundred thousand fold, while the recipient is a Veda Vedanga paaranga, then he demands ‗anantha phala‘! Even if a ‗daana‘were given as per one‘s own ability, then undoubtedly a deserving status is accomplished in the higher worlds.
Source: https://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/books/Essence-Aapastamba-Dharma-Sutras.pdf

On Wednesday, 10 June 2020 08:15:37 UTC+5:30, venkat veeraraghavan wrote:

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[venkat veeraraghavan]

Shri Jagannatha ji,

Thanks for this resource!!!

Kind Regards,

Venkat

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[venkat veeraraghavan]

Thanks Shri Bhupal ji

On Thu, 11 Jun 2020, 9:40 AM Bhupal <bhupa...@gmail.com> wrote:

"Brahmanas should be offered Vastra and fed."

That article refers to Mahodayam punya kaal, not grahanam. Had included it to emphasize on sat-patram and the items generally given as danam.

Grahana Nirnaya - Source: https://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/dharmasindhu/bookview.php?chapnum=5

As long as one could vision Chandra and Surya Grahanaas (Eclipses), one would reckon as the Punya Kaala or the auspicious time. Even if the Grahana were not visible due to the obstruction of clouds or so, even then on the basis of the information available as per the calculation of ‘Shastraas’about the ‘Sparsha’( beginning) and Moksha (end), one should observe the required ‘Snaana-Daanaas’.

Surya Grahana on Sundays and Chandra Grahana on Mondays are called ‘Chudaamani’ and ‘Daanaadi Karyaas’ bestow endless Punya.

One should take bath for ‘Baahyaantara Shuchi’ or external and internal cleanliness as soon as the Grahana Sparsha or the First Touch;

during the course of the Grahana, one should perform Homa-Devarchana-and Shraaddha.

When Grahana is receding, then Daanaas are required to be executed

and at the time of Moksha, one should take bath once again;

the bath at the ‘Sparsha Kaala’ and Moksha Kaala are of distinct waters; the Mukti Snaana is defined as follows:

Sheetamushnodakaat punyamapaarakyam parodakaat, Bhumishthamudhrataa punyam tata prasravanodakam/ Tatopisaara sampunyam tatah punyam Nadi jalam, Tatastirthanadi Gangaa Punyaa punyastombhudhi/

(Cold water bath is more propitious than with hot water; better bathe with one’s own water; fresh water from the depths of Bhumi is better from well water exposed and stored; water from a flowing water is better than in a waterbody; Tirtha water like Ganga is better than that of a from a river; and bathing in Samudra water is by far better than even a river like Ganges!). Grahana Snaana should be with the same clothing as during the Grahana and then only the bath would be stated as Mukti Snaana; that bath need not be by reciting Mantras.

‘Suvasini Strees’ or house wives who have their husbands alive could have neck-deep bath but those women who like to be purer to take head- bath do have the option to do so. Those women who are in the menstrual stage should keep her utensils seperated and should not sqeeze her wet clothes after the bath. Fasting three days before or atleast one day before would bestow ‘Maha Phala’ but those Grihastis with sons and daughters need to take up the fast. But they should perform Deva-Pitru Tarpana.

Persons of all the ‘Chatur Varnaas’ should wet the clothes after an Eclipse as they would be subject to the regulations of ‘jaataadi sutaka’ or ‘Ashuchi’ / impurity of births and deaths as they would have been deemed as having visioned the Rahu Graha: Sarveshaametavarnaanaam sutakam Rahu Darshaney.

During the ‘Grahana Kaala’, Go-Bhu-Hiranyaadi Daanaas would accord far-reaching benefits.

It is stated: Sarvam Gangaa samam toyam, Sarvey Vyaasa samaah Dwijaah, Sarvam Bhumi samam daanam grahaney Chandra Suryayoh/ (On occasions like Lunar or Solar Eclipses, all kinds of waters are like Ganga water; all Brahmanas are like Vyasaacharya; and all kinds of charity are as good as Bhu daana).

Describing the effectiveness of Daana, it is stated:

Samanu -braahmaney daanam dwigunam Braahmanbruvey, Shrotriye shata saahasram paatrey chaanantya mashnutey/( Offering greetings / namaskaaraas to a Brahmana by birth might be misplaced but providing charity to a ‘Dwija’ or twice-born who has the qualification of Samskaaraas like Upanayana or thread marriage and Gayatri Mantra secures better Punya; a Brahmana who has the Samskaaras but devoi d of Vedaadhyayana is called a Brahmanabruva but still charity to him would be worthy of hundred times more; charity to a well read Brahmana ‘Srotriya’ or he who follows the Brahmana Dharmaas in full spirit and practice would fetch Ananta Punya).

Grahana Shraadha should be done with suitable Dakshina and possibly with Ghrita yukta bhojana followed by Mantra Punascharana;

the relevant Mantra states: Chandra Suryoparaagey cha snaatwaa purvamuposhitah, Sparshaadi Moksha paryantam Japenmantram samaahitah, Japaadashaam shato homastathatha homaaccha tappanam, Homaashaktou japamkuryaatdhoma sankhyaa chaturgunam/

(One should discard bhojana well before the Grahana , take bath at the ‘Sparsha’ or touch of the Grahana and its ‘Moksha’ or termination and perform ‘Japa’ althrough the Grahana Kaala. Out of the ‘Japa Sankhya’ (number) so performed, one tenth of the Sankhya should be the homa sankhya and one-tenth of the homa sankhya should be the Tarpana sankhya. In case, one cannot perform Homa and Tarpana, the Japa sankhya may be quadrupled.

In case tarpana is performed then they should first recite the Mula (Root) Mantra and then recite :Amukaam Devataam tyarpayaami and offer palms-full of water and again sprinkle water on one’s head reciting: Amukaam devataamahamabhishinchaami/

before the Tarpana at the rate of one tenth of the tarpana; this would be followed by Brahmana bhojana to the extent of one tenth of the Brahmanas engaged for the bhojana-daana-dakshinas.

Thus the entire process of Japa-Homa-Tarpana- Maarjana-Vipra bhojana comprising the five components is called ‘Punascharana’ following Surya / Chandra Grahana Darshana. The Punascharana Mantra vidhana is as follows :- Before Grahana Sparsha, the Karta takes Snaana and Aasana and recites the Mantra : Amukagotromuka Sharmaaham Raahugrastey Divaakarey Nishaakarey vaa Amuka Devataayaa ; Amuka Mantra siddhi Kaamograasaadi mukti paryanta mamuka Mantrasya Japa Rupam purascharanam karishye/ (The Sankalpa states that I-of the gotra-naama solemnly resolve that the entire period during the Touch and Termination of the Solar/ Lunar Eclipse period will observe Mantra-Japa- Purascharana). The Mantra after Grahana Moksha and performing Snaanaadi nitya karmaas would resolve by reciting : Amuka Mantrasya kritaitadgrahana kaali Kaamukasankhyaaka Japa saangataa siddhyartham taddasaanga homa taddasaanga tarpana taddasaanga maarjana taddasaanga Vipra bhojanaani karishye/ After the Sankalpa, one might perform the seriatum of the Sankalpa failing which the Japaa to the extent of four times of the original Japa sankhya be recited. Those who are unable to perform the Purascharana as above might at least recite Ishta Devata Prayer and Gayatri Japa.

Do’s and Dont’s at the Grahana Kaala:

Sleeping during the time of Eclipse leads to illnesses. Passing urine ends up in poverty and bad luck. Easing the stomach (Stools) leads to the life of ‘krimis’ in the following birth. ‘Maithuna’ lands up as a pig in the next birth. Head bath during the Eclipse period leads a person to leprosy and Bhojana in the time paves way to naraka. Eating the remnants of bhojana cooked before or during the Grahana Kaala is prohibited as would lead to stomach and digestive problems and similarly drinking even water would tell upon the system. However,the carry forward storage of curd, milk, butter, ghee, unused oil and such other uncooked stocks might be consumed after the Grahana but should be duly covered by ‘Dharbha Khandaas’ as would be proteceted by the rays of Sun or Moon in grahana. ‘Garbha Strees’ women during conception ought to protect themselves from the fall of the rays as there had been several evidences of the babies born thereafter sufferng from physical deformities.

Grahana Vedhi Vichara:

In the case of Surya Grahana, there would be a Vedha or time difference of four Yaama Kaalaas (each day or night has eight yaamaas or four praharas and each yaama has senven and half ghadis) and in respect of Chandra Grahana the Vedha would be three Yaamaas. Thus, if Surya grahana is in the early morning, then nothing should be consumed for four yaamas before. If the Surya Grahana is scheduled in the second yaama of the day, then any consumption before two yaamas is prohibited. Likewise if Chandra grahana is in the first yaama of a night, then bhojana is to be avoided during the day’s last two yaamaas before the eclipse. Exceptions are provided however in respect of children or the Old persons and in their case, bhojana is allowed upto one yaama or 6-8 ghadis therebefore. A capable person who eats during the Vedha kaala should atone by keeping fast for three successive nights . Grahana kaalaa bhojana attracts ‘Praajaapatya Kruccha Prayaschitta’. Again, if Surya and Chandra secure redemption only after their normal setting times or at the time of their day or night terminations respectively (Sunset or Moon Set), it is stated that they are in a stage of ‘grasta’ or dormancy; in that case one is required to take bath and purify to vision the full ‘bimba’or globe on the next day and then only take food.

Janma raashi phalas of Grahanas and Daana Vidhis/regulations:

The Janma Raashi impact of Grahanas on individuals is as follows:- Swajanma Raashestruteeya Shashthaikaadasha Dashama Raashisthitam Grahanam Shubhapradam, Dwiteeya Saptama Navama Panchama Sthaaneshu Madhyamam, Janma Chaturthaashthama Dwaadasha Raashi Sthitamanishthapradam/ (Grahanas coinciding with the third, sixth, tenth and eleventh Raashis bestow ‘Shubhapradam’ or auspiciousness. If the Janma Raashi is in the Second, Seventh, Ninth and Fifth Places then the impact is medium. But if Grahanas fall on the fourth, eighth, and twelfth Raashis, then the effect is ‘Anishtha’ or bad. [ Incidentally, the Raashi positions are as folows: Mesha (Aries), Vrishabha (Taurus), Mithuna (Gemini), Karkataka (Cancer), Simha (Leo), Kanya ( Virgo), Tula (Libra), Vrischika (Scorpio), Dhanush (Saggitarius), Makara (Capricon), Kumbha (Aquarius) and Meena (Pisces)].

As the impact of Grahanas on specified Janma Raashis and and Janma Nakshatras is adverse then Raashi-Graha-Nakshatra ‘Shanti’ ( pacification) would correct the possible effects as per the Instructions of Gargaachaarya; if the perscribed Shaanti is not within one’s reach, atleast ‘Bimba Daana’ may be performed. The procedure is to prepare Chandra Bimba (Globe-like Swarupa) or Surya Bimba in Silver as also Naaga Bimbaas in gold and place the two bimbas viz. Chandra or Surya and of Naaga representing Rahu graha in a Copper or Kaasya Paatraas (Vessels) filled with ghee and Tilas or Sesame seeds wrapped in Vastra (Cloth) and Dakshina (fees) and invoke Chandra or Surya as the case may be and Rahu graha stating:

Mama Janma Raashi Janma Nakshatra sthitaamuka grahana suchita sarvaarishta shaanti purvakamekaadasha sthaana sthita grahana suchita Shubha phala praaptaye bimba daanam karishye/

Thus giving away the Daana with the above‘Sankalpa’to a well-read Brahmana, the following prayer be recited:

Tamomaya Maha Bhima Soma Suryo vimardana, Hema Taara pradaanena mama Shanti prado bhava/ Vidhun tuda namastubhyam Simhikaanandanaachyuta, Daaney naanena Naagasya rakshamaam vedhajaadbhayaat/
(Andhakaaramaya! Maha Bhayankara! Rahu Deva! You have the ability of beating up even Surya and Chandra! You provide happiness to your mother Simhika Devi; Achyuta or the Undiminishable; as I make this obeisance by offering this Naga Bimba at the time of the Grahana, do relieve me of the Grahana Vedha and provide me security and destroy my fears).This procedure is valid for those affected by those born in the twelfth, eighth and fourth Raashis. Such persons affected by the Grahana should not vision the Chandra or Surya Bimba in any case.

[Narada Purana describes as to how Chandra-Surya Grahanaas take place;

the Essence of the relevant Chapter on Grahanaas in brief is as follows: Chandra Grahana (Lunar Eclipse) takes place on a Pournami and Surya Grahana (Solar Eclipse) on Amavasya and these are called Parvas. As ‘Grahas’ rotate on their own axis and perform Pradakshina (circumambulation) around Bhumi, that path is known as the ‘Kasksha’or region of that Graha. Prithvi is far away from the Sun path and Chandra is nearer and is in between Surya and Prithvi. In the direction in which Surya travels, the shadow of Prithvi falls in the opposite direction of Surya’s path and the length of the rotating shadow is equal to that distance. As Prithi is round, the shadow of Chandra is also rounding, moving six ‘Rashis’ away from Surya. Chandra rotatating on its own axis moves along with Surya on the Southern Rekha (Line) and that time is known as Darshanta Kaala ie at the junction of the termination of Amavasya and the beginning of Shukla Pratipada; similarly, when Surya reaches six Rashis ahead that time is Pournima. Thus Surya is shadowed by Chandra and Chandra is shadowed by the shadow of Prithvi; that is why during Surya Grahana, Surya is known as Chhadya or the shadow maker and Chandra is Chhadak; again, in Chandra Grahana, Chandra is Chhadya, Earth’s shadow or Bhubha is Chhadak or Grahana Karta. The ‘Vilambana’or the delay of time between the ‘Chhadya’and ‘Chhedak’ is known as ‘Chhanna’ or ‘graas’. Thus when Chandra is fully invisible, then the Lunar Eclipse is stated to be complete or ‘Sarvagraas’. If Chandra grahana is a ‘Khanda Grahana’ or a partial eclipse, then Prithvi’s shadow falls on Chandra to that extent. Surya Grahana (Solar Eclipse): When Chandra travels while in rotation between Surya and Prithvi and lies in the Southern direction under the level of Surya, that day when Sun rays fall on the top portion of Chandra, that night is called as Amavasya since Chandra’s lower portion is invisible on Earth. It is on that Amavasya when Chandra comes in between Prithvi and Surya and Surya’s ‘bimba’ disappears at a point of time, that particular Amavasya is stated to the time of Surya Grahana (Solar Eclipse). As in the case of Lunar Eclipse, there might be Sarva graas or Khanda Graas of Solar Eclipse too. On Amavasya, Chandra’s Chhaya falls towards Prithvi and in that Chhaya Bhubhubhagh falls and Surya bimba disappears; the extent of disappearence denotes the full or partial Solar Eclipse. Maharshi Sanandana explained to Narada Muni the methodology of calculating the exact time and duration of the Eclipses as also the general impact on various other Grahas. The belief in Puranas that Rahu was responsible for the Eclipses as he was annoyed at the successful attempts made by Surya and Chandra to dismember him, although succeeded to secure ‘Amrit’ and as a result accomplished the status of Grahas, was not unfound; it is believed that Rahu was dismembered from one entity into two as Rahu and Ketu and Lord Brahma set up Rahu in the shadow of Chandra and Ketu in the shadow of Prithvi and appointed them as Grahas (Planets); while Rahu and Ketu were positioned as the shadows nearby to Surya and Chandra respectively and were thus stated to be responsible for the Eclipses. ]

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[Girish Jha]

सम्मान्याः सारस्वताः

मुहुःप्रणम्य दानप्रसङ्गे त्रैलोक्यनाथस्य भगवतःश्रीकृष्णस्य युधिष्ठिरं प्रति मधुमयं वचनं स्मरयामि-

दरिद्रान् भर कौन्तेय मा प्रयच्छेश्वरे धनम्।इति।।

गिरीशकुमार झा

सेवानिवृत्तः प्राचार्यः

पटनावि.वि.संस्कृतविभागस्य

वसतिः- कलकत्ता नगरे।

On Wednesday, 10 June 2020 08:15:37 UTC+5:30, venkat veeraraghavan wrote:

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[Girish Jha]

सम्मान्याः

वचनमिदं क्वचिन् महाभारते वर्तते।श्रमे कृते प्रसङ्गः प्राप्येत।

क्षन्तव्योsयं जनः।

गिरीशकुमार झा

[Mamata Dash]

Thank you

[उ॒ज्ज्व॒लः]

हितोपदेशइदंवचनम्। (१.१५)

यन्महाभारतपुस्तकम्मय्यस्तितस्मिन्नेदमस्ति।

कौन्तेयेतिहवान्महाभारतइदमितिमन्यन्तइत्यनुचेतामि।

शुक्रवार, 12 जून 2020 को 8:43:13 am UTC+5:30 बजे Girish Jha ने लिखा: