You also have an extremely old version of AnkiDroid, which did not seem to have a way to export decks yet. You can download the current version from the Play Store (and should probably enable automatic updates for your apps). Even without updating, the following two ways should still let you import your collection into Anki Desktop:
1. Import one of the .apkg files in the backup/ folder from Anki Desktop.
2. Or copy the collection.anki2 file into the Anki folder on your computer. The collection will then be loaded automatically when starting Anki Desktop.
In case you use any media on your cards, you'll also want to copy the collection.media folder to the Anki folder on your computer. Once you have updated to a recent AnkiDroid version, you can also synchronise the collections on your phone and computer via AnkiWeb as described in the AnkiDroid manual, but this probably won't work with your version of AnkiDroid at the moment.