Still on the Matter of Wrong Comparisons of Budget Figures of 2016 and 2015 {Re: Change has come.

[Mobolaji Aluko]

Afis Deinde:

The figures in the paragraph below being bandied by Yinka Odumakin are plain wrong.  I have noted the corrected figures in square brackets inside his paragraph"

QUOTE

"There is no rationale for the N39 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N 45,162,778,886] voted for the Ministry of Information in the 2016 budget as against the N9 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N24,132,420,241]  allocated to the same Ministry in 2015. Are we to consume more propaganda in this appropriation year? It boggles the mind further when it is realised that the N39.1billion allocated to the Information is more than the combined budgets of Ministry of Transportation N13.7 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N215,797,393,980], Ministry of Water Resources N7.2 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N44,206,418,733] and the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment N10.5 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: 1N6,682,662,867]. The Information Ministry also has a higher vote than the Ministry of Agriculture N29 billion [CORRECT FIGURE;  N76,753,672,273]  and Solid Mineral N9 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N18,625,703,622] Yet, these are two key ministries crucial to diversification of our economy to meet the challenges of our reality."....    Yinka Odumakin.

UNQUOTE

See Tables 1 and 2 below.

I am also aware that some Ministries were combined (eg Information of 2015 became Information and Culture in 2016, etc., with former Culture and Tourism thereby folded into Information (Culture) and I believe into Employment (Tourism))  and others eliminated (Special Duties folded into Office of SGF), so a one-to-one comparison of budgets is not as straight-forward as it would seem.

See Table 3 below....

Finally, I will not try to question aloud Yinka's motive - or that of Remi Oyeyemi before him -  or outline their peculiar arithmetic challenges or eyes for detail, and hence hasty conclusion. 

Nevertheless.... Res ipsa loquitur.....Latin for "There you have it!  The thing speaks for itself...."

Bolaji Aluko

Shaking his head

Table 1:  Comparisons of 2016 and 2015 Budget Bills and 2015 Budget Act

Unit/Ministry/Head	2016 Total Expenditure (Bill)  - President Buhari	2015 Total Expenditure (Act) - Jonathan Administration	2015 Total Expenditure (Bill) - President Jonathan
Presidency	39,124,978,811	24,473,865,117	26,663,050,469
Office of SGF	62,358,813,315	58,013,699,584	52,782,859,141
Agric	76,753,672,273	40,621,020,717	40,151,988,128
ICPC	4,618,378,795	4,910,936,843	5,051,408,637
Defence	429,098,182,742	375,497,219,431	358,466,078,637
Education	406,556,376,895	415,883,784,654	419,854,986,591
FCT	37,756,697,983	13,500,000,000	12,000,000,000
Foreign Affairs	49,526,208,900	48,149,382,166	47,495,358,240
Finance	11,192,101,558	18,873,401,022	11,100,949,474
Health	76,333,193,241	259,751,742,847	252,543,773,757
Information (& Culture)	45,162,778,886	24,132,420,241	10,092,743,679
Communication Technology	15,997,128,516	11,592,048,380	11,106,611,116
Interior	198,352,766,543	156,220,022,460	156,557,006,561
Office of HCSF	8,042,152,611	7,090,556,728	7,296,828,934
Justice	18,836,291,016	19,944,638,350	20,095,917,474
Power (Housing & Works)	467,645,043,369	9,606,813,831	8,811,633,477
Petroleum Resources	62,115,123,639	59,774,429,975	59,051,178,741
Works	0	44,985,916,543	39,579,312,175
Mines & Steel Development	18,625,703,622	11,031,109,540	10,436,482,841
Transportation/Aviation	215,797,393,980	17,560,812,531	10,856,830,076
Environment	19,678,214,892	17,499,334,341	15,646,485,175
Office of NSA	90,350,068,052	88,726,771,998	84,128,320,723
Niger-Delta	26,332,596,554	10,434,200,737	8,293,205,819
All Other MDAs	705,001,195,996	534,703,640,112	542,518,166,359
SUB-TOTAL Executive MDAs	3,085,255,062,189	2,272,977,768,148	2,210,581,176,224
SUB-TOTAL Executive Bodies	20,501,937,811	19,964,683,643	19,351,311,691
SUB-TOTAL Pensions and Gratuities	200,170,000,000	375,478,494,343	231,408,494,338
SUB-TOTAL Service-Wide Votes (Including  Capital Supplementation)	945,063,000,000	640,127,011,023	541,779,017,746
TOTAL  Expenditure (Non-Debt + Capital)	4,250,990,000,000	3,164,127,957,157	3,003,120,000,000
Statutory Transfers	351,370,000,000	375,616,000,000	411,840,000,000
Debt Service	1,475,320,000,000	953,620,000,000	943,000,000,000
GRAND TOTAL	6,077,680,000,000	4,493,363,957,157	4,357,960,000,000

Table 2: A Few Details on 2016 Bill: (To Assist Remi Oyeyemi’s Revision of His Essay)

Unit/Ministry/Head	2016 Total Expenditure (Bill)
Labour and Employment	13,397,589,915
Science & Technology	53,743,337,717
Water Resources	44,206,418,733
Special Duties (SGF)	72,894,125
Nigerian Police Formation & Command	300,100,330,698
Operation Lafiya Dole	10,000,000,000
Federal Character Commission	3,371,278,211
Outsourced Services	5,000,000,000
Amnesty Programme	20,000,000,000
Symposium Shelter Afrique	400,000,000
Entitlements of Former Presidents/HOS, etc.	2,300,000,000
National Assembly (A Statutory Transfer)	115,000,000,000
UBEC (A Statutory Transfer)	77,110,000,000
INEC  (A Statutory Transfer)	45,000,000,000
Special Duties (SGF)	72,894,125

Table 3:  Comparing Budger Year 2015's Twenty-Nine Ministries and Budget Year 2016's Twenty-Four Ministries and 

S/N	2015 Ministry	S/N	2016 Ministry	Minister
1	Power	1	Power, Works and Housing	Fashola/Shehuri
2	Works
3	Land, Housing and Urban Development
4	Finance	2	Finance	Adeosun
5	Trade and Investment	3	Minister  for Industry, Trade and Investment	Enelamah/Abubakar
6	Petroleum Resources	4	Petroleum Resources	../ Kachikwu (State)
7	Agriculture & Water Resources	5	Agriculture & Rural Development	Ogbeh/Lokpobiri
		6	Water Resources	Adamu
8	FCT	7	FCT	Bello
9	National Planning	8	Budget and National Planning	Udoma/Ahmed
10	Attorney General and  Justice	9	Attorney General and  Justice	Malami
11	Information and Communications	10	Information and Culture	Mohammed
12	Culture and Tourism;	11	Communication	Shittu
13	Education	12	Education	Adamu/Anwuka
14	Environment	13	Environment	Amina Mohammed/Jubril
15	Foreign Affairs	14	Foreign Affairs	Onyeama/Ibrahim
16	Health	14	Health	Adewole/Ehanire
17	Interior	16	Interior	Dambazzau
18	Police Affairs
19	Labour and Productivity	17	Employment, Labour and Productivity	Ngige/Ocholi
20	Mines and Steel Development	18	Solid Minerals	Fayemi/Bwari
21	Niger Delta	19	Niger Delta	Uguru/Daramola
22	Defence	20	Defence	Alli
23	Science and Technology	21	Science and Technology	Onu
24	Transport	22	Transportation	Amaechi/Sirika
25	Aviation
26	Women Affairs	23	Women Affairs	Al-Hassan
27	Youth Development	24	Youth and Sports and Chairman National Sport Commission	Dalong
28	Sports and Chairman National Sport Commission
29	Special Duties

On Tue, Jan 5, 2016 at 8:38 PM, Afis Deinde <odide...@yahoo.com> wrote:

"There is no rationale for the N39 billion voted for the Ministry of Information in the 2016 budget as against the N9 billion allocated to the same Ministry in 2015. Are we to consume more propaganda in this appropriation year? It boggles the mind further when it is realised that the N39.1billion allocated to the Information is more than the combined budgets of Ministry of Transportation N13.7 billion, Ministry of Water Resources N7.2 billion and the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment N10.5 billion. The Information Ministry also has a higher vote than the Ministry of Agriculture N29 billion and Solid Mineral N9 billion. Yet, these are two key ministries crucial to diversification of our economy to meet the challenges of our reality."....    Yinka Odumakin.


Afis comment: First, welcome back Tony Ishiekwene, happy new year to you too.
Now to the hot sauce:

Going by what I pasted above, and if those were the correct figures presented to the NASS, Yinka Odumakin is onto something here.
I am going to be objective on this one, by Staying away from pettiness of Osun politics laced in grudges and sundry......I don't think Agriculture is given the attention it should have.
How can ministry of info get more funding than Water resources and Transportation combined?
How about Solid minerals, ministry of industry and investment get less than ministry of info?
What is the info ministry manufacturing that it need such budget?

Look, Odumakin is not a dumb guy, and he knows how to build up his propaganda not by lying stupidly like an Igbo, but by exaggerating the facts he has.
Love him or dislike him is not the issue here, just try to debunk what he posted by presenting to the Cyber Assembly your own set of facts.
I know Odumakin has ants in his eyes, but he is no fool.
Shikena
Afis
“Just as a solid rock is not shaken by the storm, even so the wise are not affected by praise or blame.” — Dhamapada, verse 81.

Sent from my iPhone

> On Jan 5, 2016, at 1:39 PM, Tony Ishiekwene <tony...@aol.com> wrote:
>
> There is no rationale for the N39 billion voted for the Ministry of Information in the 2016 budget as against the N9 billion allocated to the same Ministry in 2015. Are we to consume more propaganda in this appropriation year? It boggles the mind further when it is realised that the N39.1billion allocated to the Information is more than the combined budgets of Ministry of Transportation N13.7 billion, Ministry of Water Resources N7.2 billion and the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment N10.5 billion. The Information Ministry also has a higher vote than the Ministry of Agriculture N29 billion and Solid Mineral N9 billion. Yet, these are two key ministries crucial to diversification of our economy to meet the challenges of our reality.
> It is doubtful if our policy makers came across Rick Rowden’s article titled “Africa’s Boom Is Over” where he opined as follows:

[topcrest topcrest]

Prof Aluko,

The devil is always in the details. Yinka was making a comparison of the RECURRENT budget of the various ministries---and in that context his figures are not wrong

file:///Users/joeattueyi/Downloads/Appropriation_Bill__Details_.pdf

Joe

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[Philip Achusim]

VC Aluko:

Go back to the original budget as published on these forums, perhaps by you. I made a remark then that the Ministry of Information was budgeted N30 billion more in 2016 than in 2015. When bloggers were being feted in Abuja and given gifts, I reminded folks that the ministry had N30 billion extra to spend in 2016. 

Kindly pull from your archives, the very first publication of the 2016, where you compared 2015 with 2016 budget. 

Ezeana Achusim

Odi-Isaa

Nwa Dim Orioha AKA OnyeUkwu

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[afis 'Deinde]

"There is no rationale for the N39 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N 45,162,778,886] voted for the Ministry of Information in the 2016 budget as against the N9 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N24,132,420,241]  allocated to the same Ministry in 2015. Are we to consume more propaganda in this appropriation year? It boggles the mind further when it is realised that the N39.1billion allocated to the Information is more than the combined budgets of Ministry of Transportation N13.7 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N215,797,393,980], Ministry of Water Resources N7.2 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N44,206,418,733] and the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment N10.5 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: 1N6,682,662,867]. The Information Ministry also has a higher vote than the Ministry of Agriculture N29 billion [CORRECT FIGURE;  N76,753,672,273]  and Solid Mineral N9 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N18,625,703,622] Yet, these are two key ministries crucial to diversification of our economy to meet the challenges of our reality."....    Yinka Odumakin.".......Corrections made by Dr Aluko.

Wow!!

Where did Yinka Odumakin get his bogus numbers?

He probably got them from Afenifeya accountants.

Shikena 

Afis

“Just as a solid rock is not shaken by the storm, even so the wise are not affected by praise or blame.” — Dhamapada, verse 81.

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[Mobolaji Aluko]

Joe Attueyi:

Pardon me, but where did Yinka Odumakin - or Remi Oyeyemi before him - write that they were comparing "Recurrent Budgets" of 2015 and 2016?  Could you point that out to me, please?  They only talked about "budgets",  and to an educated person who is AWARE, BUDGET means CAPITAL + RECURRENT.

That is Point Number 1.  I am not prepared to join them in comparing only Recurrents at this time - see below (Point No. 3).

Point Number 2 is this:  did they consider the mergers and demergers of ministries as I pointed out below, in their comparisons either of RECURRENT and/or CAPITAL Budgets?  I bet that that "minor detail" was not considered - particularly with respect to the Ministry of Information (and Culture) which they seem to demonize for comparison.

Final issue is Point Number 3 that would be lost to quite a number of people, but which I as a head of a Federal Government Agency had to UNDERSTAND under this government's new Zero-Based Budgeting (ZBB) following a three-day workshop that I had to attend in Abuja, along with my Bursary staff:  a number of RECURRENT ITEMS have been moved to CAPITAL and vice-versa!

Let me give an example:  in previous pre-2016 budgets, my University used to consider (and budget)  the purchase of paper, and printer cartridges as RECURRENT items.  As an educational institution, naturally we spent MILLIONS of NAIRA on these two items.  However, the present government wishes to consider HIGH-COST ITEMS as CAPITAL COSTS because the official thinking is that those items can be purchased CENTRALLY across MDAs - with HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS budgeted - and manufacturing companies encouraged to PRODUCE them.  If a road repair of N4 million is considered a CAPITAL cost, why would paper purchased with (say) N10 million, be considered RECURRENT cost?  That is the new thinking.

My whole point is that with the new ZBB, making DIRECT comparisons between 2015 Budget and 2016 Budget is dicey, when you also add the fact that Ministries have also been merged or separated in some instances.  The ZBB also CLARIFIES in some drilled-down version what the Budget will be used for - which were hidden under much BROADER categories in earlier budgets.

So the rush to be judgmental is, to my mind, agenda-driven, and should be more carefully done.  We have right to our opinions, but not to our facts.

And there you have it.

Bolaji Aluko

[Joe Attueyi]

Prof Aluko:

You wrote:

Pardon me, but where did Yinka Odumakin - or Remi Oyeyemi before him - write that they were comparing "Recurrent Budgets" of 2015 and 2016?  Could you point that out to me, please? 

Like I said the devil is always in the details. That they omitted the word 'recurrent ' from their analysis does not make their figures 'plainly wrong' especially if the omission is pointed out as I have done. 

You wrote:

 I am not prepared to join them in comparing only Recurrents at this time -

I don't think Yinka or any other netter has to wait for when you are prepared before running commentaries on Nigeria's recurrent budget ( or any issue for that matter)

After taking into account the merger of ministry of information with culture and the transfer of certain budget heads from recurrent to capital ( and vice versa?), the new ministry of information and culture has a recurrent budget 

1) that exceeds its 2015 comparison budget by more than N20 BILLION. NOT CAPITAL PROJECTS. just 2016 recurrent expenses. 

Yinka asks a valid question: what exactly is the ministry of information and culture going to spend all this money on? There maybe valid explanations but we won't get it if we don't ask----and we don't have to wait 'till you are prepared ' before we ask for explanations 

2) The ministry of information and culture's recurrent budget exceeds the COMBINED recurrent budget of Trade and investment, water resources and transportation. It looks senseless on the face of it but there maybe a system to the madness. We the people will not know unless we ask. 

The Yinka Odumakins of this world are providing better service to Nigeria, Nigerians and even the Govt by asking these questions more than those shouting them down

You wrote:

So the rush to be judgmental is, to my mind, agenda-driven, and should be more carefully done

All political commentary is agenda driven including ( or even especially) yours     

Yours reminds me of a post on Facebook by one Kelechi:

1) When the budget was released Kelechi hailed the budget as the best since our independence 

2) when an online blog carried the news that the budget had been withdrawn to make adjustments, Kelechi hailed Buhari for being humble enough to listen  to the voice of the people 

3) When Lai Mohammed said the budget had not been withdrawn Kelechi praised Buhari for not listening to the wailers !

Joe

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[Afis Deinde]

"There is no rationale for the N39 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N 45,162,778,886] voted for the Ministry of Information in the 2016 budget as against the N9 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N24,132,420,241]  allocated to the same Ministry in 2015. Are we to consume more propaganda in this appropriation year? It boggles the mind further when it is realised that the N39.1billion allocated to the Information is more than the combined budgets of Ministry of Transportation N13.7 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N215,797,393,980], Ministry of Water Resources N7.2 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N44,206,418,733] and the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment N10.5 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: 1N6,682,662,867]. The Information Ministry also has a higher vote than the Ministry of Agriculture N29 billion [CORRECT FIGURE;  N76,753,672,273]  and Solid Mineral N9 billion [CORRECT FIGURE: N18,625,703,622] Yet, these are two key ministries crucial to diversification of our economy to meet the challenges of our reality."....    Yinka Odumakin."........

Correction made by Yoruba Elder Statesman Bolaji Aluko.

Afis opinion: Yoruba majority should ignore these Inyanminrin Wailers and their menstrual-driven Wailing!

People like Ezeana are in their menstrual cycles, it makes them noisy.

They never wished Buhari well, so why begin now?

Shikena 

Afis

“Just as a solid rock is not shaken by the storm, even so the wise are not affected by praise or blame.” — Dhamapada, verse 81.

Sent from my iPhone

[Mobolaji Aluko]

Joe Attueyi:

If "the devil is in the details", then maybe it is "the devil" that is driving the rush to judgment?

Inquiring minds want to know.

You must give it to me that as a "layman", I have been analysing Nigeria's budgets for over 15 years now, and commenting upon them publicly, and so I welcome the newcomers/budget analyzers Odumakins and Oyeyemis - and yes, you too as their echo, among others - into the field.  Absolutely NO ONE is shouting you or them down - in fact both Yinka and Remi are my friends of over 15-20 years.  I could not even shut/shout them down if I wanted to!   But they MUST BE THOROUGH - and state CLEARLY what they are ANALYZING and COMPARING - recurrent and/or capital - so that they do not MISLEAD the reading populace with their caustic criticisms in this highly-charged political-economic atmosphere, which they have a right to.  [I see that the vile-ly acerbic Femi Aribisala has joined them.]

They have a right to their opinions, but not to their facts.

So far,  I have pointed out to those who would criticize:

1.  Budget is CAPITAL + RECURRENT.  So tell us CLEARLY what you are comparing, and don't leave the details to the devil.

2.  Ministries have been merged or de-merged. So be sure to compare figures appropriately.

3.  I have given you some INSIDE INFORMATION: in the new ZBB system, items have been moved from recurrent to capital and vice-versa, and for good and valid reasons too.  So a number of comparisons are not quite straight-forward.

4.  In the new ZBB, there is some GREATER DRILLED-DOWN DETAIL which is now VISIBLE - or made visible - which was NOT the case before.   In my own University's 2016 Budget, to satisfy ZBB,  I have had to drill down to some requests that I did not have to do before.   It does not mean that money was not allocated - or spent - before.  It is just that they were NOT REQUIRED to be shown in the budget as announced.

5.  A new opposition government is taking over from another that has been in power for 16 years, and from a President who has been in office for 6 years..  There are many multi-year commitments (eg to OAU, UN, State House, etc.)  that the new government will inherit that they cannot just stop IN THE FIRST YEAR,so they will RELUCTANTLY have to carry them on.  [An example is exotic animals in the State House grounds "gathered" since Abacha's time:  will they be made to go hungry, or should they be killed off for dinner at Buhari's dinner table?  Another example:  suppose the former President and his wife Goodluck and Patience like red bedsheets and green curtains, but Muhammadu and Aisha keep them?  So in the first year, there will be some ADDED expenses in State House that would be MORE than the immediate previous year following a new administration.]

So some level of captiousness by critics must be modulated. When criticisms become incorrect, hackneyed, acerbic, intemperate, and unreasonable, they stop being heard.  But if the aim is to make a statement than to make a change, then that is fine.

 

Finally, Kelechi's serial commentary may be interesting, but soon "idi abajo" will be known.

And there you have it.

Bolaji Aluko

Shaking his head

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[Wilson Iguade]

Quote

All political commentary is agenda driven including ( or even especially) yours [VC Aluko's]

Unquote

Wow! Is it that obvious that VC Aluko, a government worker, NOT a political appointee - "commentary is agenda driven". Is there no regulation in Nigeria that govt workers are NOT to dabble in agenda driven politics, because ALL Nigerians regardless of how they vote are paying the salary of govt workers? 

Wow, there you have it o! From Joe Attueyi. 

Ehn! WAZOBIA competition at work. Lord have mercy. Iguade

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[Wilson Iguade]

Quote

You must give it to me that as a "layman", I have been analysing Nigeria's budgets for over 15 years now, and commenting upon them publicly, ...

Unquote

Comment: I can vouch for this as an accurate statement. I can also vouch that statement like the "the devil is in the details" is a SLOGAN that is meaningless. Point out the details as you know it, the budget is already out in public. What details are there that are unknown. 

The "the devil is in the details" slogan would be appropriate on a pending or anticipated fiscal budget which is not the case here. 

RECURRENT EXPENDITURES, as we know, do not create NEW jobs nor increase fixed assets owned by govt in this case, just plain WASTE of money (Capital). Therefore, since, Buhari found the treasury empty, Buhari and his cohorts need to CUT the so called "RECURRENT" down, down to size to reflect appropriate growth and success. 

Stay tuned! Iguade

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[Mobolaji Aluko]

Wilson Iguade:

At a certain important level of analysis, this below is a most important comparison table:

Item

2016 Bill Amount (Naira)

2015  Act Amount (Naira)

2015  Bill Amount (Naira)

Statutory Transfers	351,370,000,000	375,616,000,000	411,840,000,000
Debt Service	1,475,320,000,000	953,620,000,000	943,000,000,000

Recurrent (Non-Debt) Expenditure	2,648,600,000,000	2,607,132,491,708	2,616,007,426,233
TOTAL RECURRENT EXPENDITURE	4,475,290,000,000	3,936,368,491,708	3,970,847,426,233
Capital Expenditure by Executive MDAs	1,224,971,970,436	265,202,632,115	189,020,573,766
Capital Expenditure by Executive Bodies	7,415,029,564	6,000,833,334	5,000,000,001
Capital Supplementation	370,003,000,000	285,792,000,000	193,092,000,000
TOTAL CAPITAL EXPENDITURE	1,602,390,000,000	556,995,465,449	387,112,573,767
AGGREGATE EXPENDITURE	6,077,680,000,000	4,493,363,957,157	4,357,960,000,000

Note that the increase in 2016's total recurrent expenditure (just above N500 billion)  is mainly due to increased debt service - actually due to increase in DOMESTIC debt service because the PMB administration wants to pay more local contractors of long-standing debts, which will enable them to complete contracts and stimulate the economy.  Note also that the increase in Capital expenditures is mostly due to the Ministries - resulting in a budget proposal increase of just more than N1 billion.

These are the most important numbers to understand.

And there you have it.

Bolaji Aluko

To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/africanworldforum/COL403-EAS109D1899454D4C00A2A625FD4F40%40phx.gbl.

[Wilson Iguade]

VC Aluko,

I understand the numbers as presented, I just don't agree with the policies that generated the numbers, period. I am not arguing Buhari's administration or that of the administration supporters to increase debt for ANY reason. Also, your column of "2016 Bill Amount (Naira)" is MISLABELED.

For clarity sake, a "bill" should be an appropriation or an "act"/law, and what you are calling a "bill" should just be called "FISCAL BUDGET", proposed "bill". Not sure, why we need to be fanciful with the LABELING. 

Sent from my iPhone

To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/africanworldforum/CAORq2DAPvpzcMD-Uo-oa72agLes3tPt2_teRYQ0EQQ0QMMe_eA%40mail.gmail.com.

[Wilson Iguade]

Btw: mine below was incomplete, I dropped the phone by mistake, and it send.

Anyway, regardless of the labeling, even though it matters. It does not effect the numbers which is based on President NoCertificate's vision. I cannot see myself supporting a NoCertificate (Ignorant) vision. For example, how can Buhari tell the whole world literally even from foreign land as well that Nigeria's treasury was EMPTY and then increase, according your columns and the numbers you want used: from "2015 Bill" to "2016 Bill", by more than 12% or N500,000,000,000 when "production"/GDP in the country is minimal, and capital expenses (costs of capital/interest rate) is increasing. And worst still, it is RECURRENT expenditures, we are talking about here, not investments with ROI.

Again, the numbers are not the issue to me, the justifications for them are. God bless.

Stay tuned! ... Iguade ("Clueless is OUT, Ignorant is IN")

Sent from my iPhone

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Posted by: Wilson Iguade <igu...@hotmail.com>

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