Greetings!
Thank you for providing all the additional detail. I took a deep dive into this, and this is what I found. I've covered my observations in three sections.
The language_code is required for the methods being called.
It appears that language_code is required according to
https://developers.google.com/google-ads/api/reference/rpc/v9/SuggestKeywordThemesRequest if you are calling the method SuggestKeywordThemes. The reason the field looks optional is because this same object is used for many different methods. Some methods require the field, and other fields do not require the field. It's best to double-check in the description of the method to see if a field is required or not.
Null is returned because language_code is required for that method.
I believe the reason null is coming back is because language_code is required for those particular methods that you are calling. If you do not provide the required fields, then the result will be empty. I have put in a request to return an error in a future version of the API if a field is required. I believe that would cause less confusion.
I believe at this time English is the only supported language.
I took a look in the Google Ads UI for your account, and I'm not seeing any other option but a default of English at this time. I will double-check with my teammates who wrote this particular piece of code to confirm if this is the case. Please keep in mind that it is the holidays for much of the US and Europe, so we may get an answer a bit slower than usual.
Best,

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