Hello Aaron,
Your idea of going through the Change History for your account was an excellent one. That was my first place to look as well. What I found during that time for that account was that there are Google Ads scripts running in that account at the same time. Only a minute or so before your request ran, another request ran to update the keywords for the same ad groups where you were attempting to update bidding.
It appears that when that script runs, it is still processing on the back-end when you request to update the same ad groups. This is why you are seeing this kind of error. My recommendation is to either make the scripts less frequent, or you need to create an error handling model in your code for accounts like this that whenever this happens, partial failure should be set up and the operations that failed should be retried.
Cheers,
Nadine Sundquist, Google Ads API Team

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