Coryell (1952)

[Rene]

Coryell CD 1952, "The periodic table: The 6d-5f mixed transition group", J. Chem. Educ., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 62–64, https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ed029p62:

Coryell (1912–1971) was an American chemist and one of the discoverers of promethium.

In the above table, just two elements are shown by him as having two solid tie lines: yttrium, to La-Ac and to Lu-Ac; and silicon, to Ti-Zr-Hf and to Ge-Sn-Pb.

These days Ti-Zr-Hf-Rf make up group 4 whereas C-Si-Ge-Sn-Pb-Fl make up group 14. Rightly so given group 4 is the first to exhibit characteristic transition metal properties. The solid tie lines Coryell shows between Hf-Th, Ta-Pa, and W-U would now be rendered in broken form.

If his table was mapped to a 32- or 18-column form, group 3 would presumably be shown as bifurcating after Y. 

This is consistent with the 1932 Lu periodic table I referred to in the Solving the Löwdin challenge thread, in which the authors said, "La may well have been put in the place occupied by Lu." It’s pleasing to then be able to trace the recurrence of this idea through:

• 1934 Mendeleev’s mosaic table; 
• 1952 Coryell;
• 2006 Silberberg’s table;
• 2007 Eric’s Red Book cover;
• 2018 Eric and William Parson’s suggestion re physical, chemical and electronic properties being inconclusive; and
• 2018 Joshi et al. finding that La, Ac, Lu and Lr behaved the same way in Zintl clusters.

René

PS: The circle around indium must be a typo.

[Rene]

In discussing Coryell’s table with Mark, and why indium was circled, it transpires that indium is one of three known elements (the others being Te and Re) of which the stable isotope is less abundant in nature than the long-lived primordial radioisotopes.

Indium-115 makes up 95.7% of all indium and has a half-life of 4.41×10^14 y.

Naturally occurring tellurium is made up of 66.8% unstable isotopes. Te-128 has a haft-life of 2.2 × 10^24 years. This is the longest known half-life among all radionuclides and is about 160 trillion times the age of the known universe.

Naturally occurring rhenium is 62.6% Re-187, which is unstable but has a very long half-life (≈10^10 years).

—————

Re occupies the "axis of instability" as I call it...

Mn---radical crystalline structure;

Tc---radioactive;

Re---"most radioactive" of the naturally occurring elements which have stable isotopes(?);

and their f-block analogues...

Pm—radioactive; and

Np---first of the transuranium elements

These five seem to be capped by boring(?) bohrium.

On 7 Aug 2019, at 11:13, Rene <re...@webone.com.au> wrote:

Coryell CD 1952, "The periodic table: The 6d-5f mixed transition group", J. Chem. Educ., vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 62–64, https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ed029p62:

<Screen Shot 2019-08-06 at 12.27.29.png>

Coryell (1912–1971) was an American chemist and one of the discoverers of promethium.

In the above table, just two elements are shown by him as having two solid tie lines: yttrium, to La-Ac and to Lu-Ac; and silicon, to Ti-Zr-Hf and to Ge-Sn-Pb.

These days Ti-Zr-Hf-Rf make up group 4 whereas C-Si-Ge-Sn-Pb-Fl make up group 14. Rightly so given group 4 is the first to exhibit characteristic transition metal properties. The solid tie lines Coryell shows between Hf-Th, Ta-Pa, and W-U would now be rendered in broken form.

If his table was mapped to a 32- or 18-column form, group 3 would presumably be shown as bifurcating after Y. 

This is consistent with the 1932 Lu periodic table I referred to in the Solving the Löwdin challenge thread, in which the authors said, "La may well have been put in the place occupied by Lu." It’s pleasing to then be able to trace the recurrence of this idea through:

• 1934 Mendeleev’s mosaic table; 
• 1952 Coryell;
• 2006 Silberberg’s table;
• 2007 Eric’s Red Book cover;
• 2018 Eric and William Parson’s suggestion re physical, chemical and electronic properties being inconclusive; and
• 2018 Joshi et al. finding that La, Ac, Lu and Lr behaved the same way in Zintl clusters.

René

PS: The circle around indium must be a typo.

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