Dear Jack,
I promise myself to keep an open mind about retrocausality! But I am not sure why “influences going backward in time” is more “ontological “ than just believing that particles do not have any real properties before measurement. As a matter of fact, the moment people accepted wave-particle duality, fate of reality was sealed! When did you see a table as both a wave and a particle? Thus it seems to me that unlike EPR, a non-real and local (Lorentz invariant) interpretation is as palatable or better than going backwards in time!
Best Regards.
Kashyap
From: 'JACK SARFATTI' via Sadhu-Sanga Under the holy association of Spd. B.M. Puri Maharaja, Ph.D.
[mailto:Online_Sa...@googlegroups.com]
Sent: Friday, June 9, 2017 1:35 PM
To: online_sa...@googlegroups.com
Subject: [Sadhu Sanga] Sutherland's latest paper on entanglement as local retrocausality
re: http://aip.scitation.org/toc/apc/1841/1?expanded=1841
How Retrocausality Helps
Roderick I. Sutherland
Centre for Time, University of Sydney, NSW 2006 Australia rod.sut...@sydney.edu.au
It has become increasingly apparent that a number of perplexing issues associated with the interpretation of quantum mechanics are more easily resolved once the notion of retrocausality is introduced. The aim here is to list and discuss various examples where a clear explanation has become available via this approach. In so doing, the intention is to highlight that this direction of research deserves more attention than it presently receives.
Introduction
While quantum mechanics is a highly successful mathematical theory in terms of experimental verification, there remain long-standing questions as to what sort of physical reality could be underlying the mathematics and giving rise to the theory’s stranger predictions. Unlike classical mechanics, the theory does not give sufficient guidance towards identifying the appropriate ontology. Over time, there has been a growing awareness that backwards-in-time influences, or retrocausality, might be relevant in interpreting and understanding some of the phenomena in question. The intention here is to summarise some of the advantages that can be gained by introducing retrocausality into the underlying picture. In particular, it is found that taking this step can achieve the following:
individual wavefunctions
particle ontology is assumed
These points will be discussed individually in the following sections. A first step, however, is to define more precisely what is meant by retrocausality here. In doing so, it should be noted that no suggestion is being made of movement through 4-dimensional spacetime in either the forwards or backwards time directions. Motion remains confined, as usual, to the 3-dimensional picture. In this context, the definition of retrocausality will be taken to be as follows:
It is necessary to specify final boundary conditions as well as the usual initial ones in order to determine the state completely at any intermediate time, with the experimenter’s controllable choice of the final conditions thereby exerting a backwards-in-time influence.
For further clarity, two conventions will be introduced at this point:
(i) Since any initial boundary condition in standard quantum mechanics is specified by a
Hilbert space vector i , it will be presumed by symmetry that any final boundary condition should be similarly specified by a Hilbert space vector f .
(ii) The initial boundary condition here will simply be equated with the result of the most recent prior measurement performed on the system. Similarly, any final boundary condition will be equated with the result of the next measurement performed. (This is not intended to imply any special status for measurement interactions compared with other interactions, but merely to frame the discussion in a clear-cut form.)
These two conventions keep the mathematics simple and straightforward. Using the second one, the definition of retrocausality can be formulated more specifically as:
·The choice of observable measured at a particular time can affect the state existing at an earlier time.
Having defined retrocausality in this way, various advantages it provides will now be discussed.
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1706.02290.pdf
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Kashyap, in the US, it was discovered by Pepsi Co in the 1970’s that, in blind taste tests, Americans overwhelmingly preferred the tast of Pepsi over Coke. So they created a multi-million dollar TV campaign to give the news to the people and expected then to become the #1 seller. It didn’t work
Even though it is true that technically, statistically, Pepsi tastes better, we American’s still prefer Coke for an illogical and subconscious reason: IT WAS FIRST
The first interpretation of quantum mechanics was the Copenhagen interpretation, which supposes wave particle duality. It’s more popular as a result, even to the point where many people speak of it as being implicit in the raw math of quantum mechanics itself.
It is NOT implicit in the raw math.
Then came Everett. He invented the many worlds interpretation.
It is equally obedient to the experimental results and to the raw math of QM.
It is less popular because it was not first.
It is the second in time and coincidentally also the second in popularity (awareness).
Then came Bohm’s rigorous mathematical development of de Broglie’s non-rigorous idea.
It is equally adherent to the math of QM and to experimental results.
It was the third in time and coincidentally also the third in popularity (awareness).
In QM 101 scientists are taught the Copenhagen interpretation and not Bohm’s.
This is in NO way because it is more logical or because it adheres better to the math of QM or to experiment.
PhD’s in physics generally have never really critically thought about Bohm’s interpretation, as it takes a little time to get as familiar with it as Jack Sarfatti is.
He worked directly with Bohm and was also a close friend of Richard Feynman. He is no lightweight and not an average level physicist. His MIT background and the associations with some of the greats and some of his own novel insights make Jack on of the living titans of physics today.
But it’s difficult for him to have a rigorous discussion with some of us in this group who have not invested a few months into critically thinking about Bohm’s view, which rejects wave-particle duality.
At least I can say that the mathematicians and physicists here at Quantum Gravity Research recognize that the Bohm/Sarfatti view is more logical and seems more physically realistic.
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Hilbert space vector i , it will be presumed by symmetry that any final boundary condition should be similarly specified by a Hilbert space vector <image001.png>f .
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Dear Klee,
Thanks for your e-mail. I promise to read some of the papers on retro causality before expressing my opinion again! But from what I know, even after 90 years of debate, there is no consensus on the interpretation. Most professors teach Copenhagen because it is the simplest and most physicists do not really care for any interpretation. For them the fact that quantum mechanics and quantum field theory agree with experiments to one part in billion or trillion is enough to accept them. I am personally interested in the interpretations though. In science one should not really go by consensus. But as you know, Bohm and retro causality interpretation get zero votes so far.
Yes I agree Jack Sarfatti is a very good physicist. Also it is interesting to note that Ruth Kastner , who I understand, believes in particles going backward in time to explain Bell’s results, is a philosopher-physicist at Univ. of Maryland from where I got my Ph.D.!
BTW I saw Marion Kerr’s video on reality on Lubos Motl’s blog where it was hotly discussed! I will watch with interest what happens to retro causality idea and also many world formalism.
Best Regards.
kashyap
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Hilbert space vector i , it will be presumed by symmetry that any final boundary condition should be similarly specified by a Hilbert space vector <image001.png>f .
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/Online_Sadhu_Sanga/6d7c2a1befba4855981ceafe8a0c9989%40IN-CCI-EX03.ads.iu.edu.
Dear Klee,
Thanks for your e-mail. I promise to read some of the papers on retro causality before expressing my opinion again! But from what I know, even after 90 years of debate, there is no consensus on the interpretation. Most professors teach Copenhagen because it is the simplest and most physicists do not really care for any interpretation.
==================
Something is wrong with "science" when "scientists" prefer to discuss hermeneutics and opinion but do not energetically work to do the critical experiments which could tell us what the true story is. But yes, triple entanglement does require skill, and so far as I know it has only been done in China, in Austria (GHz) and in a US lab which has lost the capability due in part to fluctuations in government funding.
(Primary credit: congressman Lamar Smith, friend of Comey and of Cruz network.) I have recently figured out a way to test the "retrocausal" hypothesis with only double entanglement, and a few folks say they have the apparatus and may get around to it soon...
========
By the way, I do get slightly annoyed when Jack keeps telling me he will enlighten my obvious ignorance about the newly discovered ideas of "retrocausality" and their implications for local realism. The classic seminal paper on triple entanglement (by GHz) appeared in a book edited by Kafatos on Bell's Theorem, based on discussions from 1988-1990. My own paper in that same book was as brutally clear about the link between time-symmetric physics and local realism as one could possibly be, and cited my paper from the 70's in Nuovo Cimento which was the first to make that point. However, translating theory into design of a decisive experiment, replicable in dozens of physics labs, is not a trivial translation. It took time, but for those who have not yet died of old age or become ossified and jaded, the path to a new world has opened up. Some things take time, and demand that we remember what is important. Of course, that also applies to yoga itself.
I like Sutherland’s definition of retrocausality, it accords with Price and Wharton’s “interventionalist” account:
… the retrocausal proposal accepts the standard presupposition of all experimental science, namely that experimenters such as Alice and
Bob are free to choose measurement settings. Moreover, it accepts a standard operational definition of causality – a definition long assumed in science, and refined and formalised in philosophy over the past three decades – in which the notion of free agency
plays a central role. According to this so-called “interventionist” account of causality, a variable X is a cause of a variable Y if and only if a free intervention on X makes a difference to Y.
Price, H., & Wharton, K.: Disentangling the Quantum World. Entropy 17, 7752-7767 (2015) http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.01140.
We prefer the term “spatiotemporal global constraint” or “adynamical global constraint” to “retrocausality,” as the latter sounds a bit dynamic when in fact nothing moves in spacetime (as acknowledged in Sutherland’s talk linked by Jack)
http://www.ijqf.org/wps/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/IJQF2015v1n3p2.pdf. Price uses this term when he says his Helsinki toy model
“shows how something that ‘looks like’ retrocausality can emerge from global constraints on a very simple system of ‘interactions’, when the system in question is given a natural interpretation in the light of familiar assumptions about experimental intervention
and observation.”
Price, H.: Toy models for retrocausality. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 39 (4), 752-761 (2008).
One doesn’t have to go to quantum mechanics to appreciate the adynamical perspective, it also beats its dynamical counterpart in explaining the Big Bang, the low entropy problem, the horizon problem, the flatness problem, and the paradoxes of closed timelike curves. We explain this at length in chapter 3 of “Beyond the Dynamical Universe: Unifying Block Universe Physics and Time as Experienced” (forthcoming with Oxford UP, book abstract is posted at the blog on www.relationalblockworld.com). I posted a shorter version here https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/blockworld-foundational-implications-part-3-general-relativity-big-bang/ and here https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/blockworld-foundational-implications-part-4-general-relativity-closed-timelike-curves/ .
We believe that adynamical explanation will ultimately replace dynamical explanation at the fundamental level and that is what we argue in “Beyond the Dynamical Universe.”
Mark Stuckey
W.M. Stuckey, PhD
Professor of Physics
Elizabethtown College
http://facultysites.etown.edu/stuckeym/
On Jun 10, 2017, at 7:40 AM, Stuckey, Mark <stuc...@etown.edu> wrote:I like Sutherland’s definition of retrocausality, it accords with Price and Wharton’s “interventionalist” account:
… the retrocausal proposal accepts the standard presupposition of all experimental science, namely that experimenters such as Alice and Bob are free to choose measurement settings.
Moreover, it accepts a standard operational definition of causality – a definition long assumed in science, and refined and formalised in philosophy over the past three decades – in which the notion of free agency plays a central role. According to this so-called “interventionist” account of causality, a variable X is a cause of a variable Y if and only if a free intervention on X makes a difference to Y.
Price, H., & Wharton, K.: Disentangling the Quantum World. Entropy 17, 7752-7767 (2015) http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.01140.
We prefer the term “spatiotemporal global constraint” or “adynamical global constraint” to “retrocausality,” as the latter sounds a bit dynamic when in fact nothing moves in spacetime (as acknowledged in Sutherland’s talk linked by Jack) http://www.ijqf.org/wps/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/IJQF2015v1n3p2.pdf. Price uses this term when he says his Helsinki toy model “shows how something that ‘looks like’ retrocausality can emerge from global constraints on a very simple system of ‘interactions’, when the system in question is given a natural interpretation in the light of familiar assumptions about experimental intervention and observation.”
Price, H.: Toy models for retrocausality. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics 39 (4), 752-761 (2008).
One doesn’t have to go to quantum mechanics to appreciate the adynamical perspective, it also beats its dynamical counterpart in explaining the Big Bang, the low entropy problem, the horizon problem, the flatness problem, and the paradoxes of closed timelike curves. We explain this at length in chapter 3 of “Beyond the Dynamical Universe: Unifying Block Universe Physics and Time as Experienced” (forthcoming with Oxford UP, book abstract is posted at the blog on www.relationalblockworld.com). I posted a shorter version here https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/blockworld-foundational-implications-part-3-general-relativity-big-bang/ and here https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/blockworld-foundational-implications-part-4-general-relativity-closed-timelike-curves/ .We believe that adynamical explanation will ultimately replace dynamical explanation at the fundamental level and that is what we argue in “Beyond the Dynamical Universe.”Mark StuckeyW.M. Stuckey, PhDProfessor of PhysicsElizabethtown College
I find this discussion about pilot waves very odd. The very idea of pilot waves assumes that fundamental particles really exist, which they don't. The holographic principle tells us (as Ted Jacobson has shown) that what we call fundamental particles (as described by quantum field theory) are at best a thermal average (thermodynamic equation of state) description of the world that is only valid as a low energy limit or an effective field theory. We may as well try to formulate a pilot wave theory for sound waves and assume the phonon is a fundamental particle. The quantum fields for the U(1), SU(2) and SU(3) interactions are no more fundamental than the fields for sound waves, and an electron or photon is no more fundamental than a phonon.
So what is fundamental? We might think that the bits of information encoded on a holographic screen along the lines of the holographic principle are fundamental, but they're not. A holographic screen is an event horizon that arises in relation to an observer that enters into an accelerated frame of reference, which implies the expenditure of energy. The holographic screen encodes bits of information in a pixelated way, where the pixel size is about a Planck area. Are these bits of information really fundamental? No. Is the holographic screen really fundamental? No. Is the observer at the origin of the reference frame or at central point of view really fundamental? No. The whole holographic scenario implies the expenditure of energy that gives rise to the observer's accelerated frame of reference. What exists before energy is expended and the observer enters into an accelerated frame of reference? What exists before the holographic scenario emerges?
This is the question that nobody seems interested in answering. I'll take that statement back. Truth-realized beings (like Nisargadatta Maharaj to give a recent example) have been answering this question since the dawn of time. Their answer is quite simple. Before the world of matter, energy, space and time (or any other possible world) comes into existence, and after the world goes out of existence, what (timelessly) exists is non-dual awareness (undifferentiated consciousness), which can only be described as the void or nothingness. In metaphysical terms, it is the beginning and the end, or the primordial nature of existence. The trick for physics is to describe how (starting with the void of nothing but non-dual awareness) the world comes into existence. How does the void pull the rabbit out of its hat when it has no hat? If we start with any other kind of assumption, we're only deceiving ourselves into believing that something is true that is not true.
Jim Kowall
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On Jun 10, 2017, at 4:37 PM, jim kowall <jkowa...@gmail.com> wrote:Dear KleeI find this discussion about pilot waves very odd. The very idea of pilot waves assumes that fundamental particles really exist, which they don't.
The holographic principle tells us (as Ted Jacobson has shown) that what we call fundamental particles (as described by quantum field theory) are at best a thermal average (thermodynamic equation of state) description of the world that is only valid as a low energy limit or an effective field theory.
We may as well try to formulate a pilot wave theory for sound waves and assume the phonon is a fundamental particle. The quantum fields for the U(1), SU(2) and SU(3) interactions are no more fundamental than the fields for sound waves, and an electron or photon is no more fundamental than a phonon.So what is fundamental? We might think that the bits of information encoded on a holographic screen along the lines of the holographic principle are fundamental, but they're not. A holographic screen is an event horizon that arises in relation to an observer that enters into an accelerated frame of reference, which implies the expenditure of energy. The holographic screen encodes bits of information in a pixelated way, where the pixel size is about a Planck area. Are these bits of information really fundamental? No. Is the holographic screen really fundamental? No. Is the observer at the origin of the reference frame or at central point of view really fundamental? No. The whole holographic scenario implies the expenditure of energy that gives rise to the observer's accelerated frame of reference. What exists before energy is expended and the observer enters into an accelerated frame of reference? What exists before the holographic scenario emerges?This is the question that nobody seems interested in answering. I'll take that statement back. Truth-realized beings (like Nisargadatta Maharaj to give a recent example) have been answering this question since the dawn of time. Their answer is quite simple. Before the world of matter, energy, space and time (or any other possible world) comes into existence, and after the world goes out of existence, what (timelessly) exists is non-dual awareness (undifferentiated consciousness), which can only be described as the void or nothingness. In metaphysical terms, it is the beginning and the end, or the primordial nature of existence. The trick for physics is to describe how (starting with the void of nothing but non-dual awareness) the world comes into existence. How does the void pull the rabbit out of its hat when it has no hat? If we start with any other kind of assumption, we're only deceiving ourselves into believing that something is true that is not true.Jim Kowall
Yes, Ruth is a good person who might have a chance to spend some time with.
Thanks for this note. But one clarification: do universities don't teach the Copenhagen interpretation because it is the one that matches with experiment. All of the interpretations match exactly with experiments.
And the reason for this is simple: all of the interpretations use the same mathematics that is the fundamental core of quantum theory invented by the German fathers.Also you mentioned nobody really (in meaningful numbers) approves of the Bohm interpretation. Actually, a large double digit minority approve of the many worlds interpretation and another double digit number approve of the Bohm pilot wave interpretation.You are correct, there is no physical evidence that is widely agreed-upon to argue that any of the models are superior to the others. Most of the specialists in quantum mechanics who subscribe to the Copenhagen interpretation readily admit that the other two major interpretations are equally rigorous and match exactly to the core mathematics of quantum mechanics.So I think that there really is something reasonable to my comparison to Coca-Cola and Pepsi. The Copenhagen interpretation was not only the first but it was also the one endorsed by the fathers of quantum mechanics themselves.In terms of political popularity of interpretations, that gives the Copenhagen interpretation, those two things, a huge advantage in mind share.On the other hand, we've been bubbling in the dark for almost 100 years on trying to understand why quantum mechanics implies that general relativity is incorrect and vice versa.It's high time that we start getting more aggressive about looking at things differently. And because there is a minority who have looked at the pilot wave interpretation, maybe that will bear a little more fruit in trying to get to a four unification theory, sense if you were people have looked under those rocks.Any event, we here in our group have little choice. The quasicrystalline mathematical formalism has the pilot wave and particle acting as a dual interactive system whether we like it or not.Other words, we don't fear arise it or add it by hand. It exists via geometric first principles as we break the symmetry of the E8 crystal and transform it to the lower dimensional quasicrystal mathematical quantum topological network code.Dear Klee,
Thanks for your e-mail. I promise to read some of the papers on retro causality before expressing my opinion again! But from what I know, even after 90 years of debate, there is no consensus on the interpretation. Most professors teach Copenhagen because it is the simplest and most physicists do not really care for any interpretation. For them the fact that quantum mechanics and quantum field theory agree with experiments to one part in billion or trillion is enough to accept them. I am personally interested in the interpretations though. In science one should not really go by consensus. But as you know, Bohm and retro causality interpretation get zero votes so far.
Yes I agree Jack Sarfatti is a very good physicist. Also it is interesting to note that Ruth Kastner , who I understand, believes in particles going backward in time to explain Bell’s results, is a philosopher-physicist at Univ. of Maryland from where I got my Ph.D.!
BTW I saw Marion Kerr’s video on reality on Lubos Motl’s blog
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Hi, Jim. I believe in the Oroborus principle where the universal consciousness you elude to is created by the evolution of the universe itself, whose origin and abstract (information theoretic) beingness lives in the substrate of the universal consciousness that emerges from it. This is difficult for religious people to accept, whether Vedic or Western, because it does not place a linear causal chain into being where a God-like thing creates the creation. This is the notion of co-creation, where the mother creates the son and the son creates the mother.
Regarding the notion you began your note with; I think everything is information or thought without the mind-like substrate of “all that is”. So, for me, you’re asking me a false question when you talk about “fundamental particles really exist”. I don’t subscribe to the Bohm view. Our E8 derived quasicrystal code physics borrows inspiration from some of Bohm’s insight: mainly that there is an interaction at all times between a particle like pattern and a certain wave around it, technically called it’s “empire wave”, which we hope can explain the quantum wave function and the electromagnetic field.
Regarding the holographic principle; I’m sure you realize it is not a model or even a toy model. It is a remarkable fact about quantum gravity theory as applied to black hole modeling. Our program deals with that in some sophisticated ways. But for the non-mathy level of this discussion, one thing I can say is that I like a lot of the intuition of the holographic principle. Namely, I like the notion of transdimensionality and projective transformation. Indeed, that is what quasicrystals are all about.
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Dear KleeI find this discussion about pilot waves very odd. The very idea of pilot waves assumes that fundamental particles really exist, which they don't. The holographic principle tells us (as Ted Jacobson has shown) that what we call fundamental particles (as described by quantum field theory) are at best a thermal average (thermodynamic equation of state) description of the world that is only valid as a low energy limit or an effective field theory.