Llywelyn AT - Part 7 of 9
Stewart Baldwin
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Stewart Baldwin
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Generation 19
262144-262207. Unknown.
262208. Catamanus (Cadfan ap Iago), king of Gwynedd, early seventh
century, whose tombstone survives at Llangadwaladr ("Catamanus rex
sapientisimus opinatisimus omnium regum" [CIIC.970; ECMW.13]) [HG.1:
"Catman map Iacob"]
262209. Uncertain. [Said in late genealogy (ByA.28b) to be Tadreg
Ddu, daughter of Cynan Garwyn of the Powys dynasty. If true, it would
make her a sister of Selyf (Selim, apparently an Old Welsh form of the
Biblical name Solomon), who was killed in the Battle of Chester
(probably fought in 616, but recorded in AU 613: "Bellum Caire Legion
ubi sancti occisi sunt & cecidit Solon m. Conaen, rex Britanorum."),
and would also make Selim the maternal uncle of Cadwallon (d. 634),
which is chronologically possible. However, it is difficult to trust
this late genealogy, in a manuscript containing much clearly mythical
material, and the information should be regarded as unproven.]
262210-286719. Unknown or duplicated.
286720. Colmán mac Cairpri (of Uí Dúnlainge) [R.117d=BB.138a (Rw.18,
CGH.14); R.124b=LL.315c=Lec.91Ra=BB.132a (Rw.338-40, CGH.74); LL.337f
(CGH.423); WUD] [Note: He appears as king of Laigin (Leinster) in the
official king lists, but his actual status as king is doubtful, and it
is quite likely that he, his father, and his grandfather were
retroactively added to the king lists by later Uí Dúnlainge
propogandists.]
286721. Fedelm ingen Óengusa (of Uí Teig) [WUD]
286722. Eochu mac Báeth (of Fotharta Fea) [WUD; R.126a=Lec.96Va,97Ra
(Rw.387,402, CGH.82,85)]
286723. Unknown.
286724. Fínán mac Maine (of Uí Dúnlainge)
[R.124b=LL.316a=Lec.91Va=BB.132b (Rw.343, CGH.74), WUD]
286725. Lassar of Airgialla [WUD] [Note: Her exact parentage is
unknown, as she is shown as either a sister [LL.316b] or daughter
[Lec.91Rb] of Ailill mac Daimíni, who was son of Daimíne, son of
Cairpre Dam Argait, king of Airgialla, whose supposed death in 514 is
given in a noncontemporary entry in AU.]
286726-286727. Unknown.
286728. Colmán mac Báetáin (of the Cenél Loairn branch of Dál Riata)
[WUD; GA; R.162e=LL.336b (Rw.1697, CGH.329)] [Note: The famous
Macbeth (Mac Bethad), king of Scotland, claimed descent from this
Colmán in the direct male line, through his son Nechtan, but the
claimed genealogy is several generations too short to be regarded as
accurate. See CGH.329, which is a genealogy of Macbeth's cousin and
stepson Lulach.]
286729-286735. Unknown.
286736. Rónán Crach mac Áeda (of Uí Máil) [R.125a=Lec.95Rc (Rw.351,
354-5, CGH.76)] [Note: His brother, Crimthann mac Áeda, who died in
633 (AU), was king of Laigin (Leinster).]
286737-286743. Unknown.
286744. Cormac mac Diarmata (of Uí Bairrche) [CGH.117a=LL337f (Rw.6,
CGH.6); R.121a=LL.313b=Lec.87b=BB.126aa (Rw.180, CGH.46);
R.122ba=LL.314a=Lec.88Va=BB.127a (Rw.235-6, CGH.54); WUD] [Note: EL
states that he died a monk at Bangor in 567, giving AU as the alleged
source, but I can find no such entry in AU (including Hennessy's
edition of AU, the edition used by Kelley in his citation in EL), so
this date should be considered suspect.]
286745-286747. Unknown.
286748. Rónán mac Coluim, king of Uí Chennselaig, probably in the
early seventh century. [R.117e=Lec.93Ra (Rw.21, CGH.15);
LL.317a=Lec.93Va=BB.136a (CGH.347); LL.337a=Lec.92Vb (CGH.429);
LL.337b (CGH.431)] [Note: He appears in the Uí Chennselaig king list
in LL.40a, but the reign lengths given in the early part of that list
do not seem to be trustworthy, making it impossible to accurately date
him. He has sometimes been identified with Rónán mac Colmáin, king of
Laigin, who died in 624 [AU], but there is not wide agreement as to
whether the king of Laigin named Rónán mac Colmáin whose obituary
appears in the annals is to be identified with this Rónán or with
Rónán, son of Colmán mac Cairpri of the Uí Dúnlainge (number 286720 in
this ancestor table). Byrne, in his tables in IKHK and NHI, is
noncommital on the subject, Ó Corráin, in IRS, identifies the king of
Laigin with the king of Uí Chennselaig, and Mac Niocaill, in IBV,
identifies the king of Laigin with the Uí Dúnlainge man of that name
(correctly, in my opinion). In the genealogies, Rónán's father
appears sometimes as Colmán, sometimes as Columb (genetive Coluim).
The combined testimony of the Uí Chennselaig king list in LL (which
calls him Rónán mac Coluim) and an entry in AU under the year 658
(which gives an obituary for Blathmac son of Rónán son of Columb)
appears to weigh in favor of Rónán's father being named Columb, and
therefore against the identification with king Rónán mac Colmáin of
Laigin. (However, this cannot be regarded as conclusive, as Colmán
appears to have been a dimnutive of the name Coluim.) Just to add to
the confusion, it is interesting to note that the nearby dynasty of
Osraige had a Crundmáel mac Rónáin meic Colmáin (ancestor of the later
"main" line of the kings of Osraige) who was a contemporary of Rónáin
mac Coluim (Colmáin) and his son Crundmáel. Finally, it should be
pointed out that the above problem is only relevant with respect to
whether or not this Rónán was king of Laigin (Leinster), and does not
affect the genealogy itself.]
286749. Unknown.
286750. Suibne mac Commáin (of the Déisi) [WUD; LL.328c (CGH.400)]
286751-402559. Unknown or duplicated.
402560. Gwlyddien ap Nowy [HG.2: "Cloten map Nougoy"; ED]
402561. Unknown. [Note: JC.8 gives her as Ceindrech ferch Rhiwallon,
with several generations of additional ancestry, going back to
Brychan. However, as already discussed in the notes for #1025 and
#2049 above, JC shows a tendancy toward suspicious marriges at this
early period. Even though this marriage seems less suspicious than
the ones at #1024 and #2049 (because the pattern doesn't seem quite
the same), skepticism is still called for here, in my opinion.]
402562-524287. Unknown.
Generation 20
524288-524415. Unknown.
524416. Iago, king of Gwynedd, d. ca. 616 [AC, which should only be
considered approximate]. [Note: Since Iago apparently died only 18
years (or thereabouts) before his grandson Cadwallon, he was evidently
elderly at the time. Thus, as has been pointed out on numerous
occasions, there are chronological difficulties with accepting his
traditional pedigree [HG.1: "... Iacob map Beli map Rhun map Mailcun
.."], which would make him the great-grandson of the famous Maelgwn
Gwynedd, king of Gwynedd, and contemporary of Gildas, who is
frequently dated to the middle of the sixth century (perhaps not
correctly). Despite these doubts, the traditional genealogy of Iago
is not absolutely impossible, even if Maelgwn died in the middle of
the sixth century. Furthermore, since the AC obituary of Maelgwn has
been convincingly shown to be a tenth century fabrication (see "Gildas
and Maelgwn: Problems of Dating", by David N. Dumville, in Gildas:
New Approaches (ed. Lapidge & Dumville, The Boydell Press), 51-9), it
is not impossible that both Gildas and Maelgwn should be dated earlier
in the sixth century, which would ease the chronological problems
caused by the above genealogy. Thus, if a consensus should arise that
the work of Gildas should be dated a generation or so earlier than it
normally has been, the skeptical position on these earlier generations
might have to be reevaluated.]
524417-573441. Unknown or duplicated.
573440. Cairpre mac Cormaic (of Uí Dúnlainge) [R.117d=BB.138a (Rw.18,
CGH.14); R.124b=LL.315c=Lec.91Ra=BB.132a (Rw.338-9, CGH.74); LL.337f
(CGH.423); WUD] [Note: He appears as king of Laigin (Leinster) in the
official king lists, but his actual status as king is doubtful. See
#286720.]
573441. Unknown.
573442. Óengus (of Uí Teig) [WUD] [Note: Different version of WUD
disagree as to whether his father's name was Daui or Dubthach son of
Daui, so his parentage is listed here as unknown. To my knowledge,
neither Óengus, nor his wife Lassi, nor any of their ancestors, appear
in any source other than WUD.]
573443. Lassi ingen Fergna (of Uí Máil) [WUD]
573444. Báeth, of Fotharta Fea [WUD; R.126a=Lec.96Va,97Ra (Rw.387,402,
CGH.82,85)] [Note: Báeth, who would probably have lived in the late
sixth or early seventh century, can reasonably regarded as historical,
as he is only a century (or a bit more) earlier than the probable
composition date of WUD, and it is likely that Sárnat's father's name
would have at least been correctly remembered along with his patronym
when her pedigree was being collected by the author of WUD. According
to his official pedigree, Báeth was the son of Nannid, son of Fiacc,
son of Iar (or Mac Ieir), son of Cathbad (the earliest name in WUD),
son of Adnach, son of Artt Cerp, of whom the last can reasonably be
regarded as pseudohistorical. Because the immediate ancestors of
Báeth apparently do not appear in other sources, and because the
Fotharta Fea pedigrees show no cadet lines from Báeth or his immediate
ancestors, the accuracy of this pedigree is exceptionally difficult to
judge. Stopping the ancestor table at this point (rather than
including three or four more generations) is perhaps overcautious, but
seems reasonable, given the lack of support from other sources.]
573445-573447. Unknown.
573448. Maine mac Nad Fraích (of Uí Dúnlainge)
[R.124b=LL.316a=Lec.91Va=BB.132b (Rw.343, CGH.74), WUD]
573449. Unknown.
573450. Unknown. [See remarks under #286725]
573456. Báetán mac Echdach (of the Cenél Loairn branch of Dál Riata)
[WUD; GA; R.162e=LL.336b (Rw.1697, CGH.329)]
573457-573471. Unknown.
573472. Áed Díbchíne mac Senaig (of Uí Máil) (king of Laigin?)
[R.125a=Lec.95Rc (Rw.348, 350, 355, CGH.76)] [Note: IKHK and NHI both
refer to him as king of Laigin (Leinster). The Leinster king list in
LL.39b could be interpreted as supporting this, but this part of the
list is confused, and Áed's status as king does not seem certain.]
573473-573487. Unknown.
573488. Diarmait (mac Ech[d]ach Guinig?) (of Uí Bairrche)
[CGH.117a=LL337f (Rw.6, CGH.6); R.121a=LL.313b=Lec.87b=BB.126aa
(Rw.180, CGH.46); R.122ba=LL.314a=Lec.88Va=BB.127a (Rw.235-6, CGH.54);
WUD]
573489-573495. Unknown.
573496. Columb (Colmán?) mac Cormaic (of Uí Chennselaig).
[R.117e=Lec.93Ra (Rw.21, CGH.15); LL.316c=Lec.92Vb=BB.135b (CGH.345);
LL.317a=Lec.93Va=BB.136a (CGH.347); LL.337a=Lec.92Vb (CGH.429);
LL.337b (CGH.431)]] [See the discussion under #286724.]
573497-573499. Unknown.
573500. Colmán (Commán?) mac Cobthaig (of the Déisi) [WUD] [Note:
Since the Déisi pedigree in LL.328c=Lec.101Rb=BB.150ab (CGH.400) has a
Suibne son of Commán son of Cobthach, compared to the Suibne son of
Colmán son of Cobthach of WUD, it is possible that these were the same
individuals. However, since the pedigree of LL.328c is defective
(having apparently allowed several members of the unrelated Dál
nAraidi to intrude into the pedigree by an evident copying mistake),
it is difficult to accept the pedigree prior to Cobthach, the earliest
generation in WUD.]
573501-805119. Unknown or duplicated.
805120. Nowy ap Arthur [HG.2: "Nougoy map Arthur"; ED]
805121-1048575. Unknown.