frequently asked questions soc.culture.bulgaria
Dragomir R. Radev
Frequency: Monthly
Version: 3.12
Archive-Name: bulgaria-faq
This is the latest version of the FAQ (frequently asked
question) list for the soc.culture.bulgaria newsgroup.
It appears on s.c.b. approximately once a month.
Remarks:
1. Please read this FAQ list before posting to soc.culture.bulgaria.
2. The names in parentheses after each question are the contributor's, which
is sometimes a different person than the author of the quoted text.
3. The FAQ is a collection of materials, rather than a complete reference.
4. Some of the information may be out of date, so please be careful and
take everything with a grain of salt.
I don't assume any responsibility for wrong information.
5. This FAQ is available through anonymous ftp from shiva.cs.columbia.edu
in the directory /BULGARIA
Please read the answer to 1.2. for more information about this.
In this site there is also a small archive of files which are related
to soc.culture.bulgaria but I didn't want to include in the FAQ.
6. Some FAQ have pretty long answers. I have put those FAQ in separate
files. Currently, they reside in the ftp site (see 5. above).
These FAQ are marked with the "@" symbol in the table of contents.
7. I need suggestions as to what parts of the FAQ to keep, what parts
to move to the ftp site and what new parts to include.
8. Of course, this FAQ (as well as all other approved FAQ) is available by
anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu
in either of the following directories:
/pub/usenet-by-group/soc.culture.bulgaria OR
/pub/usenet-by-hierarchy/soc/culture/bulgaria
9. The maintainer of this list is Dragomir R. Radev
(ra...@cs.columbia.edu)
Any comments and corrections are more than welcome. So are
contributions. Please help make the FAQ really helpful and
interesting.
=======================================================================
* T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S *
=======================================================================
****** Part 0. INTRODUCTION *******************************************
0-0 Bulgaria - Ancient and Young (@)
(by Rossen Zlatev)
0-1 Bulgaria - consular information sheet
(from the U.S. State Department)
0-2 Major cities and universities in Bulgaria
(source: Bulgarian-American Fulbright Commission)
0-3 Information about the Bulgarian industry (@)
(from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia)
0-4 Information about the Bulgarian health care system (@)
(from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia)
0-5 World Factbook on Bulgaria (@)
(from the CIA World Factbook, 1991)
0-6 GIF picture of Bulgaria
(by Vassil Peychev)
****** Part 1. THE SOC.CULTURE.BULGARIA NEWSGROUP *********************
1-1 How was this newsgroup created
(by Ivan Petrov)
1-2 How to get the FAQ from an FTP site
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
****** Part 2. CONNECTIVITY *******************************************
2-1 What are the frequencies and schedules of radio stations related
to Bulgaria (Radio Sofia, VoA, RFE, Deutsche Welle, etc.)
(by Vladi, Samuel Haimov)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
2-2 How to talk to other people and how to read on-line news from Bulgaria
(by Jivko Kolchev)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
2-3 How to get information about Eastern Europe (including Bulgaria)
by fax (@)
(by James Reese)
2-4 Which telephone company offers best deals for calling Bulgaria
from the USA
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
2-5 Bulgarian E-mail addresses
(from comp.mail.maps)
2-6 How to subscribe to the Radio Free Europe daily on-line news bulletin
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
2-7 How to subscribe to the Eastern European Listserv bulletin
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
2-8 How to use the AT&T calling card to call from Bulgaria
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
2-9 How to read Bulgarian newspapers in NYC
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
2-10 How to play 'tabla' (backgammon) against human players on the Internet
2-11 What is the schedule of Scola OR
How to watch Bulgarian TV news in the USA
2-12 How to join the #bulgaria channel on IRC OR
Yet another way to talk to other Bulgarians on-line
2-13 The Bulgarian and Soviet (Computer) Virus Factories
(by Vesselin Bonchev)
****** Part 3. CUISINE ************************************************
REMARK: The measures given are not in the metric system (that's how
the original postings were). Please someone help me convert those
back to metric system units.
3-1 Bulgarian cuisine (@)
(by Rumi Radenska)
3-2 How to make baklava (@)
(by Chris Kantarjiev)
3-3 How to make Bulgarian yogurt in the U.S. (@)
(by Nikolay Mehandjiev, Rumi Radenska, and others)
3-4 Other Bulgarian Recipes (@)
(by Jan Terziyski)
****** Part 4. ART ***************************************************
4-1 Bulgarian music on CD's
(by Brian Sutin)
4-2 Bulgarian musical instruments
(by Brian Sutin)
4-3 Bulgarian folk dance
(by Ersch Rotholz)
4-4 Bulgarian folk dance
(by Jim Garrett)
4-5 Bulgarian records
(by Paul Amblard)
4-6 Bulgarian music : 20th Century
(by Luben Boyanov)
4-7 Addresses of Bulgarian musical companies
(by Luben Boyanov)
4-8 Bulgarian Cinema
(by Valentin Todorov)
****** Part 5. LANGUAGE ***********************************************
5-1 Modern Bulgarian Language courses
(by Kitty Kagay, Ken Grau, Prashant Dave, and Dragomir R. Radev)
5-2 How to pronounce Bulgarian
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
5-3 Where can one get Cyrillic font drivers
(by Slavtcho Nikolov)
5-4 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Brian Burtt)
5-5 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
5-6 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Radosvet Todorov)
5-7 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Valentin Todorov)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
5-8 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Stanislav Todorov)
5-9 Transliteration
(by Jan Labanowski)
5-10 How to count in Bulgarian
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
5-11 Address of Hemus Publishing Co.
(by Teodora Davidova)
****** Part 6. CONTACTS ***********************************************
6-1 Voice/fax numbers of the bulgarian embassy in US
(by Alex Haralampiev)
6-2 U.S. Information Sources On Bulgaria
(source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business
Bulletin)
6-3 Useful Contacts in Bulgaria
(source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business
Bulletin)
6-4 How to reach the Americal University in Bulgaria
(by Karen Colburn and Gregory Gouzev)
6-5 What is the address of the Bulgarian chapter of the Association of
Computing Machinery
6-6 How to reach the AAPBC (American Association for the Promotion of
Bulgarian Culture) (@)
(by Mincho Tsankov)
****** Part 7. POLITICS ***********************************************
7-1 Bulgaria's New Cabinet (as of December 1992)
(source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business
Bulletin)
7-2 How much taxes do Bulgarians pay
(by Yulian Donchev)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
****** Part 8. SPORTS *************************************************
8-1 How did Bulgaria perform at the 1992 Olympic Games
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
8-2 How did Bulgaria perform at the World Football (Soccer) Cups
(by Karel Stokkermans)
8-3 How did Bulgarian teams perform in the 1993-94 UEFA cups
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
8-4 Who are the most famous Bulgarian athletes of all times
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
8-5 How did the Bulgarian soccer team perform in the qualifications for
WC 94?
8-6 What is the schedule of the Bulgarian soccer team at WC 94?
****** Part 9. MEETING PLACE ******************************************
9-1 Where's the Bulgarian club in Chicago
(by Vassil Peytchev)
9-2 Some advice from an American who visited Bulgaria in 1991 (@)
(by Rick Speer)
9-3 Prices of buildings in Bulgaria
(by Peter Yovchev)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
9-4 Prices of real-estate in Bulgaria
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
9-5 How to use credit cards in Bulgaria
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
9-6 How much does it cost to fly from the USA to Bulgaria and back
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
9-7 Can Bulgarians exchange leva for hard currency
(by Vassil Peychev)
9-8 Bringing electrical devices to Bulgaria
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
9-9 Visit to Varna
(by Austin Kelly)
9-10 Visit to Bulgaria
(by Jan Terziyski)
9-11 Tourist Information
9-12 Visa Information Archive
(by Vadim Maslov)
9-13 Travel Information Archive
9-14 A Journey Through Romania and Bulgaria
(by Melissa Harris)
9-15 Eastern Europe
(by Evelyn Leeper)
9-16 Eastern Europe
(by Mark Leeper)
9-17 Bulgarian Cafe in San Francisco
(by Dimitqr Bojanchev)
****** Part 10. HISTORY ***********************************************
10-1 What did Leland Buxton write about Bulgarians
(by Luben Boyanov)
10-2 Book about Bulgarian history
(by Luben Boyanov)
10-3 Who is John Atanasoff
(by Luben Boyanov)
10-4 When was Bulgaria declared independent
(by Luben Boyanov)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
10-5 Bulgaria and World War II
(by Luben Boyanov)
10-6 The Carnegie Report
(by Luben Boyanov)
****** Part 11. TRADITIONS & RELIGION *********************************
11-1 What do Bulgarians celebrate on March 1
(by Luben Boyanov, Vassil Peychev, and Tanya Vassilevski)
11-2 What is Gergyovden
(by Luben Boyanov)
11-3 What are Bulgaria's national holidays
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
11-4 What are the roots of Bulgarian Orthodoxy
(by Luben Boyanov)
11-5 What are the features of Orthodox religion
(by Jan Terziyski)
11-6 What is the origin of Petkovden
(by Peter Yovchev)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
****** Part 12. LITERATURE ********************************************
12-1 Bulgarian Literary Archive
(contributed by Luben Boyanov, Ivan Dnachev, Gergana Haralampieva,
Ivan Vassilev, and Dragomir R. Radev)
12-2 Books about Bulgaria
(by Charles Power)
=============================================================================
Helpful comments were also provided by the following people:
Hristo Houbaviy Jonathan Newquist Maria Handjieva
Vassil Peychev
=======================================================================
* A N S W E R S *
=======================================================================
0-0 INTRODUCTION (by Rossen Zlatev)
Note: This article is currently under review. Please send me your comments.
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-0-0.TXT
=============================================================================
0-1 Bulgaria - consular information sheet
(from the U.S. State Department)
To obtain similar information before your departure, you can call:
(202) 647 5225 (USA). This is a 24-hour service.
To obtain information about immunization requirements, call:
(404) 332 4559. Have pen and paper ready with you.
April 29, 1993
Country Description: Bulgaria is a moderately developed European
nation undergoing profound political and economic changes.
Impassioned debate, political rallies, and periods of strike
activity are regular features of the scene. They do not typically
pose a threat to U.S. citizens. Tourist facilities are not highly
developed, aveloped, and many of the goods and services taken for granted in
other European countries are not yet available.
Entry Requirements: A passport is required. A visa is not
required for tourist visits of less than 30 days. An AIDS test is
required for those staying more than one month for purposes of study
or work; U.S. tests are not accepted. For further information
concerning entry requirements, travelers can contact the Embassy of
the Republic of Bulgaria at 1621 22nd Street N.W., Washington, D.Cton, D.C.
20008, Tel: (202) 387-7969.
Medical Facilities: Medical facilities are limited. Some
medicines are in short supply. Doctors and hospitals often expect
immediate cash payment for health services. U.S. medical insurance
is not always valid outside the United States. Travelers have found
that in some cases, supplemental medical insurance with specific
overseas coverage has proved to be useful. Further information on
health matters can be obtained from the Centers for Disease
Control's international travelers hotline at (404) 332-4559.
Crime Information: Bulgaria has a low rate of violent crime.
Recently, however, street crime has increased, especially at night
near major hotels and restaurants. The loss or theft abroad of a
U.S. passport should be reported immediately to the local police and
the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate. The Department of State's
pamphlets "A Safe Trip Abroad" and "Tips for Travelers to Eastern
Europe" are available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. They provide
information on travel to the region and protecting personal security
while traveling abroad.
Drug Penalties: U.S. citizens are subject to the laws of the
country in which they are traveling. Penalties for possession, use,
or dealing in illegal drugs are strict, and convicted offenders can
expect jail sentences and fines.
Registration: U.S. citizens who register in the Consular Section
of the U.S. Embassy can obtain updated information on travel and
security within Bulgaria.
Embassy Location: The U.S. Embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria, is located
at 1 Suborna (formerly 1 A. Stamboliski Boulevard); telephone
(359-2) 88-48-01 to -05. The Consular Section of the Embassy is
located at 1 Kapitan Andreev Street in Sofia; telephone numbers are
the same.
No. 93-067
This replaces the Consular Information Sheet dated October 7, 1992,
to give the new address of the U.S. Embassy in Sofia, Bulgaria, and
to add information on reporting the loss or theft abroad of a U.S.
passport.
=============================================================================
0-2 Major cities and universities in Bulgaria
(source: Bulgarian-American Fulbright Commission)
Sofia, the capital, is the largest city with a population of 1.3 million
and a dominant position in the country's economic, political, and cultural
life.
The St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia is the oldest university in
Bulgaria, having been granted its charter in 1909, and is the largest and
most advanced educational and research center in the country. Students can
select among fifty programs in the Humanities and Sciences, Social Sciences,
and Business Administration. More than 20,000 students were enrolled in the
sixteen faculties of the university during the 1992/1993 academic year.
The main building of the University, which is architecturally one of the
most remarkable buildings in Sofia, was designed by the French architect
Breanson.
The University Library plays an important part in the history of the St.
Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia. The Library stock of books exceeds
1.5 mln volumes.
Among the other higher educational institutions of Sofia are: The University
of National and World Economics, The Higher Institute of Architecture and
Civil Engineering, The Medical Academy, The Academy of Fine Arts, The Higher
School of Drama and many more.
Plovdiv, the second largest city in Bulgaria, is located in the Thracian
Plain in Southern Bulgaria. Plovdiv was built on seven hills along the
Maritsa River, and its ancient history and especially its picturesque old
town, lend the city a characteristic charm.
The University of Plovdiv was established in 1961. During the 30-year
period of its existence, the University of Plovdiv has grown into a presti-
gious institution of higher education offering a variety of majors combined
with teacher training.
Varna (ancient Odessos), is the third largest city and is often referred to
as the sea capital of Bulgaria. It is internationally famous for its seaside
resorts of Zlatni Pyassatsi (Golden Sands) and St. Constantine.
Varna is a university city as well, with the following major higher institu-
tions: The Higher Institute of Economics and The Varna Polytechnic.
Veliko Turnovo, the former medieval capital of Bulgaria, is a university
town in North-Central Bulgaria, also famous for its archaeological and
architectural heritage. The Sts. Cyril and Methodius University is the
second well-established University in Bulgaria with over 10,000 students.
Blagoevgrad, about 100 km south of Sofia, is known for the American Univer-
sity in Bulgaria (AUBG), founded there in 1990 and the Bulgarian South-
Western University. At AUBG English is the language of instruction and eva-
luation procedures follow the US academic system. Most of the faculty are
American scholars.
The other higher educational institution in Blagoevgrad is the Southwestern
University where the emphasis is on the humanities and teacher training.
=============================================================================
0-3 Information about the Bulgarian industry
(from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia)
BULGARIA - ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY PROFILE - IMI930716
SUMMARY
This article is derived from a telegraphic report dated 16 July 1993,
prepared at the American Embassy - Sofia. It discusses the Bulgarian
electronics industry. The article consists of 2 pages.
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-0-3.TXT
=============================================================================
0-4 Information about the Bulgarian health care system
(from the U.S. Embassy in Sofia)
BULGARIA - HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY PROFILE - IMI930730
SUMMARY
This article is derived from a telegraphic report dated 30 July 1993,
prepared at the American Embassy - Sofia. It discusses health care in
Bulgaria. The article consists of 3 pages.
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-0-4.TXT
=============================================================================
0-5 World Factbook on Bulgaria
(from the CIA World Factbook, 1991)
------------ Geography
Total area: 110,910 km2; land area: 110,550 km2
Comparative area: slightly larger than Tennessee
Land boundaries: 1,881 km total; Greece 494 km, Romania 608 km,
Turkey 240 km, Yugoslavia 539 km
Coastline: 354 km
Contiguous zone: 24 nm;
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
Territorial sea: 12 nm
Disputes: Macedonia question with Greece and Yugoslavia
Climate: temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
Terrain: mostly mountains with lowlands in north and south
Natural resources: bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber,
arable land
Land use: arable land 34%; permanent crops 3%; meadows and pastures
18%; forest and woodland 35%; other 10%; includes irrigated 11%
Environment: subject to earthquakes, landslides; deforestation;
air pollution
Note: strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key
land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia
------------ People
Population: 8,910,622 (July 1991), growth rate - 0.2% (1991)
Birth rate: 13 births/1,000 population (1991)
Death rate: 12 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
Net migration rate: - 3 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
Infant mortality rate: 13 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
Life expectancy at birth: 69 years male, 76 years female (1991)
Total fertility rate: 1.9 children born/woman (1991)
Nationality: noun--Bulgarian(s); adjective--Bulgarian
Ethnic divisions: Bulgarian 85.3%, Turk 8.5%, Gypsy 2.6%,
Macedonian 2.5%, Armenian 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, other 0.6%
Religion: Bulgarian Orthodox 85%; Muslim 13%; Jewish 0.8%;
Roman Catholic 0.5%; Uniate Catholic 0.2%; Protestant,
Gregorian-Armenian, and other 0.5%
Language: Bulgarian; secondary languages closely correspond to
ethnic breakdown
Literacy: 93% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can
read and write (1970 est.)
Labor force: 4,300,000; industry 33%, agriculture 20%, other 47%
(1987)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-0-5.TXT
=============================================================================
0-6 GIF picture of Bulgaria
(by Vassil Peychev)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file names: FAQ-0-6.TXT (GIF format, uuencoded)
BGMAP.GIF (GIF format)
BGMAP.PS (PostScript (R) format)
=============================================================================
1-1 How was this newsgroup created
(by Ivan Petrov)
The proposal was made on Oct.10 1991 and read as follows:
"I am submitting a request for discussion to create a new newsgroup
SOC.CULTURE.BULGARIA.
Why: The country is being reborn. Politics, economy and culture are
rapidly changing. History is being given a fresh look. Free exchange
of information and ideas is essential. The input of everyone interested
in Bulgarian society and culture is important. Besides: Older waves of
emigration were followed by a new one. There is a need to create links
between Bulgarians around the world and to sustain the connection with
the home country.
CHARTER: To promote exchange of information and ideas on all aspects of
Bulgarian culture and society.
STATUS: Unmoderated
The proposal appeared in news.newgroups on Oct.16, opening a 30 days
discussion period. Vassil and Luben were the most active participants.
Voting took place between Nov. 21 and Dec. 15, 1991 and was processed by
Svilen Tzonev and myself. Here is a portion of the announcement of the
results
"I am happy to announce that soc.culture.bulgaria received a favorable
vote. A total of 270 people voted of which 241 in support and 29
against. The numbers meet the criteria for a successful vote by a wide
margin.
YES - NO = 212 > 100
and
YES >> 2 x NO"
... It is up to us now to make it an interesting and
viable group by supplying information, asking questions,
answering questions etc..."
The group was created on Dec.24, 1991 (rozhdestvo Hristovo i Grupovo)
and the first posting appeared on Dec.30, 1991.
=============================================================================
1-2 How to get the FAQ from an FTP site
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
1. Type 'ftp shiva.cs.columbia.edu'
2. For login: type 'anonymous'
3. For password: type your e-mail address.
For example: 'joe...@nowhere.bitnet'
4. Then enter 'cd BULGARIA'
5. Enter 'dir' to see a listing of the files currently available
6. Use 'mget <filename>' to get a given file
7. Use 'mget *' to get all files
8. After you're done, enter 'quit'
If you have problems with the above, please contact me at
ra...@cs.columbia.edu
=============================================================================
2-1 What are the frequencies and schedules of radio stations related
to Bulgaria.
(by Vladi, Samuel Haimov)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Radio Bulgaria, Frequency Schedule
26.09.93 - 26.03.94
All times are UTC.
Bulgarian:
0200-0500: 7455 9700 13645
0300-0400: 5890 6210
0400-0530: 1224
1200-1500: 13670 15080
1300-1600: 1224 6210
1700-2000: 5890 6210 7375
1900-1945: 1224 5895 6220
2245-0015: 6220 11660 13645
Albanian:
0530-0600: 1224 6220
1645-1730: 1224 5895 6220
1945-2030: 1224 5895 6220
Arabic:
1700-1830: 7150 11870
English:
0100-0200: 7455 9700
0500-0630: 9700 11720
1130-1300: 11645 13645
1330-1500: 11630
1515-1645: 13670
1830-2000: 7455 9700
2100-2200: 6085 9700
2245-0015: 7455 9700
French:
0015-0100: 7455 9700
0715-0800: 9700 11720
1745-1830: 7455 9700
2000-2045: 7400 9700
2200-2245: 7455 9700
German:
0630-0715: 9700 11720
1100-1145: 11720 11860
1700-1745: 7455 9700
2015-2100: 6085 6210
Greek:
0500-0530: 1224 6220 7455 (Sun only)
0600-0630: 1224 6220 13645
0900-1000: 1224 6220 13645 (Sun only)
1730-1815: 1224 5895 6220
2030-2115: 1224 5895 6220
Italian:
1915-2000: 6085
2200-2245: 1224 6210 6220
2330-0015: 1224 6210
Portuguese:
0015-0100: 11660 13645
2200-2245: 11660 13645
Serbo-Croat:
0630-0700: 1224 6220 13645
0730-0900: 1224 6220 13645 (Sun only)
1600-1645: 1224 5895 6210
1815-1900: 1224 5895 6220
2115-2200: 1224 6210 6220
Spanish:
0100-0200: 11660 13645
0400-0500: 11720
0500-0600: 13645
2100-2200: 9905 11660
Turkish:
0400-0500: 5890 6220
0600-0730: 1224 6220 13645 (Sun only)
1030-1130: 6220 13645
1600-1700: 7150 11870
1830-2030: 7150 11870
Horisont Home Service Relay:
0500-0800: 9905
0700-1000: 1224 (Mon-Sat)
0800-1000: 9905 (Sun only)
1000-1300: 1224
1000-1745: 9905
Address:
Radio Bulgaria
4 Dragan Tsankov Blvd.
Sofia 1040
Bulgaria
Phone / Fax: 650 560; 871 061
------------------------------------------------------------------------
British Broadcasting Corporation - BBC
Ot 28 mart BBC vqvede nova programna shema za predavaniyata si na
Bqlgarski. Novoto e delnichnata (ponedelnik - petqk) (sled-)obedna
polovinchasova emisiya (13:30-14:00) 'BBC po obed'. Tya sqdqrzha
ilyustriran osvedomitelen byuletin +
'Istoriya i politika' v ponedelnik (povtorenie NYAMA veche)
'Kulturna antena' vqv vtornik (i nedelya, 22:15-22:30)
'Nauka, biznes, medicina' v sryada
'Vie pitate, nie otgovaryame' v chetvqrtqk (i sqbota, 6:30- 7:00)
'Iz zhivota vqv Velikobritaniya' v petqk
Za smetka na tova poslednoto vecherno predavane 'Svetqt v dejstvie II'
(22:30-23:00) e veche sqkrateno na polovina. Osven vtoro izdanie na
informacionno-komentarniya obzor, tova predavane vklyuchva i
petminutnata rubrika 'Tema bez povod'.
Eto i shemata na chestotite na izlqchvane:
BBC na Bqlgarski
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ & 98,9 MHz; 94,9 MHz 'FM+' -
Sofiya (_y
:UTC(=GMT)+2: 49m: 41m: 31m: 25m: 19m:Band: 90,5 " 'Glarus' -
Burgas k
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+ 95,5 " 'TNN' -
Plovdiv B_)
: 6.30- 7.00:6050:7325:9750: : kHz: <-- 'London _Cmapm_'
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+
:13.30-14.00: :9635,11710:15395: kHz: <-- 'BBC _no obeg_'
(_noHege^Huk-nemqk_)
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+
:19.00-19.30:6015: :11740:15135: kHz: <-- 'Svetqt v dejstvie I'
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+
:22.30-23.00:6050: :9770:11780: : kHz: <-- 'Svetqt v dejstvie II'
(_noHege^Huk-nemqk_)
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+
:22.15-23.30:6050: :9770:11780: : kHz: <-------------------------
(_cqboma u Hege^R_)
+-----------+----+----+----+-----+-----+----+
Deutsche Welle (DW) na Bqlgarski
+-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+
(_y
:UTC(=GMT)+2: 49m: 41m : 31m : 25m : 19m : 16m :Band:
+ 95,7 MHz - Sofiya k
+-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+
90,5 " 'Glarus' - Burgas B_)
:12.30-13.20: :9650 :11825,11835,11905:15370,15545: : kHz:
? " - G.Delchev
+-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+
:19.00-19.50: :9640 :11785,11865 :15470 :17795: kHz:
+-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------+-----------+-----+----+
:21.30-22.20:6170:7130,7255: 9715: 11915: : kHz:
+-----------+----+---------+---------+-----------------------------+-----+----+
The Voice of America
VoA na Bqlgarski
+-----------+----+----+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+ (+ 97
MHz
:UTC(=GMT)+2: AM : 75m: 49m : 41m: 31m : 25m :Band: okolo
Sofiya)
+-----------+----+----+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+
: 6.00- 6.30:1197:3980:6040,6125,6150:7125:9505 : : kHz: <--
'_gobpo ympo_ BG'
+-----------+----+----+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+
:21.30-22.30: :5975 9735: : 9735:11720,11780: kHz: <--
'_gobqp Behep_ BG'
+-----------+---------+--------------+----+---------+-----------+----+
=============================================================================
2-2 How to read on-line news from Bulgaria
(by Jivko Kolchev)
Za tezi, koito ne znaiat da pripomnia, che 'vestnik' e 'login name'
na 192.187.128.6, koito dava vqzmojnost da se chetat presni novini
ot Bqlgaria. (Obiknovenno tam gi otpechatvat na sledvashtia den)
Sqshto taka ima vqzmojnost da poluchite faylove ottam chrez anonymous
ftp na adres 192.187.128.6
Veche ima vqzmojnost za organizirane na konferencii m/u do 32-ma
chetiashti vestnik ednovremenno. V "What can I do here:Talk" e obiasneno
tochno kak stava rabotata.
Sqshto taka moje da se igrae santase. Koyto ne vyarva, da probva.
=============================================================================
2-3 How to get information about Eastern Europe (including Bulgaria)
by fax
(by James Reese)
The US Commerce Department's Eastern European Business Information Center
(EEBIC) provides a wealth of Eastern Europe business information by a fax
delivery system. However, if you do not have a fax or if you live outside of the
USA, this information is unobtainable. I have converted several of their
documents to GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) files and have made them
available for FTP downloading. Consult your computer center for the best way of
viewing/printing GIF files on your system.
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-2-3.TXT
=============================================================================
2-4 Which telephone company offers best deals for calling Bulgaria
from the USA
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
There are several programs for getting discounts on international calls
available with the three major long-distance carriers. You can select one or a
combination of them depending on the amount for your calls, and preferred
carrier and time of day to call.
The basic rate is pretty much the same for all carriers (with a possible
minor difference). For example, as of August 11, 1993 the rates of MCI
were (please, note they have gone up around 10 % during the recent months):
Rate Time of day Cost of the Cost of each
(your local first minute additional
time in USA) minute
Lowest 2 am - 7 am $ 1.32 $ 0.83
Medium 7 am - 1 pm $ 1.67 $ 1.04
Highest 1 pm - 2 am $ 2.23 $ 1.34
Carrier Program Monthly Fee Rates to Bulgaria (BR = Basic Rate)
AT&T Special Country None 15 % off BR (must specify in advance)
Sprint The Most None 20 % off the number you call the most
minutes (must be careful to have the
most minutes to an international number)
World-wide $ 3 $ 0.82 / min. (1 pm to 1 am Mon-Fri
and all day on weekends)
$ 1.39 / min. (1 am to 1 pm Mon-Fri);
in addition brings low flat rate to
many countries around the world +
20 % discount on the 2 international
numbers you call the most minutes
during the month (no need to set in
advance), besides the 20 % discount
to one domestic (USA) number
MCI Friend & Family None 20 % off BR to two international
numbers (must specify in advance)
Around-the-world $ 3 15 % off BR (must specify in advance);
in addition brings low flat rate to
countries of Western Europe, Australia,
and some in Asia
(F&F and ATW could be combined to a total savings of
35 % on calls to 2 numbers in Bulgaria)
You might want to look at that possibility of a paid plan if you regularly
make enough calls to Bulgaria (and/or other countries as well) to justify
the $ 3 fee each month.
Another useful tip : you can use all three long distance carriers through
the so called ACCESS CODES, no matter what is your (default) long distance
carrier. Just dial 10222, and then the usual digits (say, for Bulgaria
011-359-...), and your call will go through MCI. The analogous code for
AT&T is 10288, and for Sprint is 10333. So you can make use of all the
free programs of all three long distance carriers, without switching from
one carrier to another. For example, you can get 20 % discount for 2 numbers
in Bulgaria from MCI (Friends & Family), one other number from Sprint (The
Most), and place all the rest of your calls through AT&T and get 15 %
discount from them (Special Country).
Also, as you can see, it really doesn't matter what your long distance
carrier is. So, if you are offered free calls, or money to switch to
another carrier, don't hasitate to take them. You still will be able
to use your old carrier (and, possibly, they even would not notice
that you have switched).
Plamen
Disclaimer : I and my family members are not associated with US any long
distance carrier. This posting doesn't represent an approval, nor is it a
disapproval of any program for long distance calls. Use the information on
your own risk !
=============================================================================
2-5 Bulgarian E-Mail addresses
(from comp.mail.maps)
# Copyright 1989-1993 by EurOpen. All rights reserved.
# Permission is granted for non-commercial use.
# Last change: Mon Mar 29 15:22:58 EET DST 1993
Legenda:
#O Uchrejdenie/firma/lice
#C Ime na liceto, otgovaryashto za sistemata
#E elektronen adres
#P poshtenski adres
#R po-podrobno opisanie na informaciyata ot #O
#O ACMBUL
#C Ognian Nickolov
#E postm...@acmbul.bg
#P Kniaz Boris I, 77, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria
#R The Bulgarian Chapter of ACM
#O American University in Bulgaria
#C Krassimir Simonsky
#E postm...@aubg.bg
#P American University, Blagoevgrad - 2700, Bulgaria
#O Black Sea Technological Group
#C Ognian Doichinov
#E postm...@sofia.bstg.bg
#P Black Sea Technological Group, Sofia - 1000, Bulgaria
#R Black Sea Technological Group, Sofia Headquarters
#O Black Sea Technological Group
#C Zlatko Kuzmanov
#E postm...@varna.bstg.bg
#P 8-th Primorski Polk, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria
#R Black Sea Technological Group, Varna Headquarters
#O Bulgarian National Bank, Sofia
#C Georgi Dimitrov
#E postm...@bnbsof.uucp
#P Bulgarian National Bank, Sofia, Bulgaria
#O PTT-Varna/RCB1/BULPAC
#C Vania Encheva
#E postm...@bulpac.bg
#P 42 Maksim Gorki Str., 9000 Varna, Bulgaria
#O FADATA Ltd.
#C Kamen Bodurov
#E postm...@fadata.uucp
#P FADATA, Sofia, Bulgaria
#O Institute of Informatics, BAS
#C Anton Deanov
#E postm...@iinf.bg
#P "acad. G Bontchev" str., bl. 29a, Sofia 1113
#O International Money Fund, Bulgaria
#C Gregory Dahl
#E postm...@imfbul.uucp
#P International Money Fund, Sofia, Bulgaria
#O Ines International Ltd.
#C Rosen Peankov
#E postm...@ines.uucp
#P Georgi Kirkov 15, Haskovo - 6300, Bulgaria
#O Center of Telematic Services
#C Hristo Mitov
#E postm...@infotel.bg
#P Krum Popov 58, Sofia - 1421, Bulgaria
#O Universal Scientific Library, Varna
#C Theodora Nickolova
#E postm...@libvar.bg
#P blv. Slivnitsa 34, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria
#O Logatronix
#C Ognian Doichinov
#E postm...@logatronix.bg
#P Kosta Lulchev 58, Sofia 1574, Bulgaria
#O Mars Electronics
#C Kristin S. Krumov
#E postm...@marsel.uucp
#P bul. Petko Karavelov 1A, 1408-Sofia, Bulgaria
#O University of Minning and Geology
#C Volin Karagiozov
#E postm...@mgu.bg
#P University of Minning and Geology, Studentski grad, 1156 Sofia, BG
#O Open Market Service
#C Kristin Krumov
#E postm...@omex.bg
#P Dragan Tzankov 37, Sofia, Bulgaria
#O VaCom Ltd.
#C Atanas Parashkevov
#E postm...@vacom.bg
#P P.O. Box 6, PTT-2, Varna - 9002, Bulgaria
#O Pegasus Group
#C Plamen D. Petkow
#E postm...@pegas.bg
#P Tzar Osvoboditel 39W, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria
#O Sirma AI, Ltd.
#C George Marinov
#E postm...@sirma.bg
#P Sirma, P.O.Box 202, Sofia 1606, Bulgaria
#O TPO Varna
#C Dimitrova
#E off...@tpovar.uucp
#P bul. Tzar Osvoboditel 76G
#O MT-MT Co.
#C Michail Michaylov
#E mi...@mt-mt.bg
#P bul. Tzar Osvoboditel 76G
#O Technical University of Varna
#C Rosen Radkov
#E postm...@tu-varna.bg
#P Studentska 1, Varna - 9000, Bulgaria
#O University Delaware - Bulgaria Coalition
#C Alexander Markov
#E postm...@udpc.uucp
#P Slaveikov Square 4A, Sofia, Bulgaria
#O United Nations Development Programme, Bulgaria
#C Fabrizio Ossella
#E postm...@undpbul.uucp
#P Blvd. Tzarigradsko Shosse 7th km, Sofia, Bulgaria
#R UNDP Office in Bulgaria
#O US Peace Corps, Stara Zagora
#C Stephen King
#E postm...@uspcsz.uucp
#P 26 Irechek Str., Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
#O US Peace Corps, Varna
#C Dennis Vanderlip
#E postm...@uspcvar.uucp
#P P.O.Box 605 15 M Gorki Str., 9000 - Varna, Bulgaria
#O USW Ltd.
#C Bozhil Makaveev
#E postm...@usw.bg
#P USW Ltd. 10 Ho Shi Min str, 1592 Sofia
#O Laboratory of Computer Virology at BAS
#C Eugene Nickolov
#E postm...@virbus.bg
#P BAS, ul. Acad. G. Bontchev, bl. 8, rm. 104, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
Department of Physics, Sofia University
physfac1@bgearn,bitnet (comment: physfac2 physfac3 physfac4 physfac5 work also).
Laboratory of Automated Systems in Education
las...@bgearn.bitnet
Sofia Technical University
tus...@bgearn.bitnet (try also tus...@bgcict.bitnet)
Open Society Fund, Sofia
os...@bgearn.bitnet
(For the @bgearn.bitnet addresses, you should include the name of the person
the message is addressed to in the Subject: line of the message).
=============================================================================
2-6 How to subscribe to the Radio Free Europe daily on-line news bulletin
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
The RFE/RL Daily Report is a digest of the latest developments
in Russia, Transcaucasia and Central Asia, and Central and
Eastern Europe. It is published Monday through Friday (except
German holidays) by the RFE/RL Research Institute (a division of
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Inc.). Copyright 1993 RFE/RL,
Inc.
The RFE/RL Daily Report is produced by the RFE/RL Research
Institute (a division of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, Inc.)
with the assistance of the RFE/RL News and Current Affairs
Division (NCA). The report is available by electronic mail
via LISTSERV (RFE...@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU), on the
Sovset' computer bulletin board, by fax, and by postal mail.
To subscribe:
Send e-mail to:
LIST...@UBVM.BITNET
or
LIST...@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU
Your message should contain a single line:
SUB RFERL-L <your name here>
To unsubscribe, send the following message:
UNSUB RFERL-L
=============================================================================
2-7 How to subscribe to the Eastern European Listserv bulletin
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
Send e-mail to:
LIST...@PUCC.BITNET
or
LIST...@PUCC.PRINCETON.EDU
Your message should contain a single line:
SUB E-EUROPE <your name here>
To unsubscribe, send the following message:
UNSUB E-EUROPE
=============================================================================
2-8 How to use the AT&T calling card to call from Bulgaria
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
Dial 00-1800-0010 and tell the operator your card number.
Note: the operator is supposed to speak English (whether she
speaks Bulgarian, someone please check...)
Source: International Herald Tribune, September 20, 1993.
=============================================================================
2-9 How to read Bulgarian newspapers in NYC
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
Columbia University Lehman Library receives regularly the
following newspapers: Demokraciya, Duma, (Zeleno) Zemedelsko Zname,
Svoboden Narod, and Vek 21.
Note: if you are not in NYC and know of another way to read
Bulgarian newspapers, please let the group know.
=============================================================================
2-10 How to play 'tabla' (backgammon) against human players on the Internet
Telnet to 129.16.235.153 4321
and then follow the instructions
Note: If you are on a VAX, you might have to type:
telnet/port=4321 129.16.235.153 instead of the command above
=============================================================================
2-11 What is the schedule of Scola OR
How to watch Bulgarian TV news in the USA
SCOLA SCHEDULE REGULAR UPDATE
Sunday, October 1, 1993
LOCATION: ASC-1 CH 23 H
CENTRAL DAYLIGHT TIME
WEEKDAYS:
***** 0000 SYRIA (Arab tv) Damascus: 5 DD
***** 0030 RUSSIA TV (news 1): R
0100 BULGARIA: 5 DD
0130 KENYA: 5 DD
0200 MALAYSIA (tv7): 5 DD
***** 0230 LITHUANIA (2ltv): 5 DD
0300 CZECH REPUBLIC (f1): 5 DD
0330 SLOVAKIA, Bratislava Aktuality: 5 DD
0400 ROMANIA (tvr 1) Actualitati: 5 DD
0445 CHILE (24 horas): 72 HD
0530 PHILIPPINES (tv5) Balitang Balita/The World Tonight: 7 DD
***** 0600 BRAZIL (Various): 4 DD
***** 0630 SWEDEN (Nyheterna): 5 DD
0700 MEXICO (eco): 'Live'
0800 FRANCE (France TV2): R
0830 ISRAEL (Channel 2)J
0900 TAIWAN, CHINA (cts, ttv, ctv): SD
0925 SCOLA SCHEDULE
0930 UKRAINE (yt-1)
1000 DW: Journal-Das Nachrichtenmagazin: 'Live'
1030 DW: Various Magazine Programs: 'Live'
***** 1100 JAPAN (Fujisankei): 'Live'
***** 1200 RUSSIA TV (news 1): 1DD
1300 CHINA, Bejing (cctv): SD
***** 1400 SAUDI ARABIA (Documentary)
***** 1500 ITALY (rai 1,2): 1 DD
1530 LATVIA (vhs): 5 DD
1600 TAI YUAN, CHINA (Yellow River tv): 5 DD
1700 CROATIA (dnevnik) Hrvatska Televizija: 6 DD
1730 SLOVENIA TV: 6 DD
1800 FRANCE (France TV2): SD
1830 UGANDA: 6DD
1900 POLAND Wiadmosci: 5 DD
1930 TUNISIA: 5 DD
2000 BEOGRAD SERBIA Radio-Televizija Beograd/biling: SD
2100 UNITED ARAB EMIRATES: 3 DD
2200 CANADA (tva-cftm) Les Nouvelles: 'Live'
2230 KOREA (The Asian Network): SD
2300 GREECE (Antenna tv s.a.)
***** 2330 IRAN: 6 DD
SATURDAYS:
0000 Readings: Egypt, Saudi Arabia
0015 CANADA: TW
0100 CROATIA - Special programs
0200 LATVIA: TW
0300 LITHUANIA: TW
0400 CZECH REPUBLIC: TW
0500 SWEDEN: TW
0600 MEXICO (eco): 'Live'
0700 DW: Journal: Das Nachrichtenmagazin: TW
0730 DW: Various: TW
0800 DW: Boulevard Deutschland: TW
0900 TAIWAN, CHINA: SD
0925 SCOLA SCHEDULE
0935 TAIWAN: TW
1000 GERMANY-Deutsche Welle: 'Live'
1200 UGANDA: TW
1230 GREECE: TW
1300 CHINA, Beijing: 'Live'
1400 DUKE U: Nation, Identities, Cultures (Starts Sept. 11)
1530 ITALY: SD & TW (Starts Sept. 11)
1630 CHILE: TW (Starts Sept. 11)
1700 JAPAN (Fujisankei): TW
1800 FRANCE: SD
***** 1830 VOAW: Special Programs
***** 2000 RUSSIA: TW
2100 SLOVENIA Magazine
2130 BEOGRAD SERBIA: SD
2230 KOREA: TW
2300 POLAND: TW
SUNDAYS:
0000 Readings: Egypt, Saudi Arabia
0015 ARABIC COUNTRIES: TW
0300 CANADA: TW
0400 GREECE: TW
0500 ISRAEL: TW
0600 MEXICO (eco): 'Live'
0700 CHILE: TW
0800 BRAZIL: TW
0900 TAIWAN, CHINA (cts,ttv,ctv): SD
0925 SCOLA SCHEDULE
0935 TAIWAN: TW
1000 TAI YUAN, CHINA: TW
1200 DW: Nachrichten Compact: SD
1230 DW: Various: 'Live'
1300 CHINA, Beijing: 'Live'
1400 FRANCE: TW
1500 DW: Various: 'Live'
1530 DW: Various: 'Live'
1600 DW: Drehscheibe Europa: TW
1630 HUNGARY (nbn)
1730 SCOLA SHOWCASE: special programs
1830 ITALY (rai): TW
1900 AFTAB Network (Sina Productions) Farsi
2100 BEOGRAD, YUGOSLAVIA: SD
2200 SLOVENIA: TW
2230 KOREA: TW
2300 KENYA (kbc): TW
* * * * * * * * *
Key: DD=Day Delay; HD=Hour Delay; R=Repeat; SD=Same Day;
TW=This Week; *****=Changed or Added; *=Alternating
DW=Deutsche Welle
* * * * * * * * *
AUDIO:
Primary Program: 6.8 MHz
Secondary: 6.2MHz (Deutsche Welle
--- --- --- --- ---
RADIO FRANCE INTERNATIONALE
24-HOURS ON SUBCARRIER 5.8 Mhz: GRANDS JOURNEAUX
5,6,9,11,13 PARLER AU QUOTIDIEN
4:02, 8:50, 10:50
* * * * * * * * *
OUTWRITE SERVICE
TRANSCRIPTS OF ORIGINAL LANGUAGE + ENGLISH
ONCE A WEEK: BULGARIAN; CZECH; CHINESE; FRENCH; GERMAN;
ITALIAN; JAPANESE; PORTUGUESE; RUSSIAN; SPANISH; SWAHILLI; SWEDISH.
* * * * * * * * *
ASK ABOUT "FRONT PAGE FAX."
* * * * * * * * *
SCOLA -- P.O. BOX 619 -- McCLELLAND, IA -- 51548-0619
Phone: 712+566-2202 -- Fax: 712+566-2502 -- Telex: 438119
Internet: sc...@creighton.edu
=============================================================================
2-12 How to join the #bulgaria channel on IRC OR
Yet another way to talk to other Bulgarians on-line
There is a possibility to talk to other Bulgarians in the channel
#bulgaria on irc. If you don't know what irc is, read below:
1. It is possible that you have the irc software already installed on
your system. Then type "irc" from your prompt and go to step 5.
2. If you don't have irc installed, there are two alternatives for you:
a) install your own irc client software (it takes some memory though)
- read step 3.
b) telnet to some publicly accessible irc server - read step 4.
3. Two possibilities: ftp or automatic.
a) ftp should work for many different computers (IBM-PC, Macintosh, VAX, IBM
3270, Unix, etc.). You have to do anonymous ftp to csa.bu.edu and look for
the directory irc. Copy the README file in the directory clients/... where
... is the type of computer you have (e.g. VAX). Then follow the instructions
in that README file.
b) automatic (works only if you have a UNIX system). Type the following:
telnet sci.dixie.edu 1 | sh
(be careful to type all characters on the previous line including the "| sh"
This should install an irc client in your directory. Note that it will be
configured in a way to directly connect you to the undernet (you don't need
to know what that is - simply proceed with this algorithm).
if either a) or b) worked, then go to step 5.
4. To telnet to some publicly accessible irc server, read this:
Scott Yanoff's "Special Internet Connections" (aka internet-services list)
lists the following telnetable IRC clients:
----------------------------- begin quoted text -----------------------------
-IRC telnet server telnet wbrt.wb.psu.edu or 146.186.78.131
telnet irc.demon.co.uk or 158.152.1.74
+telnet sci.dixie.edu 6668 or telnet 144.38.16.2 6668
offers: Internet Relay Chat via telnet. (Login: irc)
------------------------------ end quoted text ------------------------------
5. Now you shold already be on some irc/undernet server. If you are on
the undernet (i.e. you followed step 3b) you must type the following:
/server irc.netsys.com
At this point, you should be on a genuine irc server. go to step 6.
6. type the following:
/join #bulgaria
and if there is someone else you will be able to talk. For more info about
how to use irc, read the FAQ list on irc in the news.answers newsgroup.
Have fun!
=============================================================================
2-13 The Bulgarian and Soviet (Computer) Virus Factories
(by Vesselin Bonchev)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-2-13.TXT
=============================================================================
3-1 Bulgarian cuisine (@)
(by Rumi Radenska)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-3-1.TXT
=============================================================================
3-2 How to make baklava (@)
(by Chris Kantarjiev)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-3-2.TXT
=============================================================================
3-3 How to make Bulgarian yogurt in the U.S. (@)
(by Nikolay Mehandjiev, Rumi Radenska, and others)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-3-3.TXT
=============================================================================
3-4 Other Bulgarian Recipes (@)
(by Jan Terziyski)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-3-4.TXT
=============================================================================
4-1 Bulgarian music on CD's
(by Brian Sutin)
Stambolovo '88 Balkanton 060101
Le Mystere Des Voix Bulgares Explorer 9 79165-2
Le Mystere Des Voix Bulgares, Vol. 2 Explorer 9 79201-2
Villiage Music of Bulgaria / Bulgarian Folk Music Explorer 9 79195-2
Music of Bulgaria / Ensemble of the Bulgarian Republic Explorer 9 72011-2
The Severnyashki Folk Ensemble Round The World Gega GD 103
The Greatest Bulgarian Folk Dances Gega GD 106
Balkana / The Music of Bulgaria Hannibal CD-1335
The Forest is Crying / The Trio Bulgarka Hannibal CD-1342
Two Girls Started to Sing... Rounder CD-1055
Bulgarian Polyphony Vol. 2 / The National Folk Ensemble Victor VDP-1462
Balkan -- Mysterious Voices of Bulgaria Virgin 2-91368
"Two Girls..." is very poor -- don't buy it. "Balkan" is the soundtrack
to a documentary. "Stambolovo" is modern wedding band music. "Bulgarian
Polyphony" #1 and #2 are both out of print (they are Japanese). Many
of these CDs can be ordered my mail from Elderly Instruments, a company
in East Lansing, Michigan (call information for the number). They have
a catalogue they will send to you.
=============================================================================
4-2 Bulgarian musical instruments
(by Brian Sutin)
The traditional musical instruments of Bulgaria are:
THE KAVAL
The kaval is a wooden flute which is played by blowing across the end.
It has a very interesting woody sound. The name kaval is found for
similar musical instruments from Rumania all the way to India, but the
Bulgarian kaval is probably the most beautiful sounding version. The kaval
was the chosen instrument of shepherds, who needed some way to entertain
themselves while grazing sheep on the high pastures. Unfortunately the
number of Bulgarians who play the kaval well has dropped due to the fewer
number of shepherds.
THE GADULKA
The gadulka is a bowed instrument similar to a violin, but only three
strings are bowed, while the rest are sympathetic; ie, these strings
vibrate on a harmonic, giving a very rich texture, but are not fingered.
The gadulka held by a sling around the neck, much like a saxaphone, and
the fingerboard is up by the players neck. Of all the traditional
Bulgarian instruments, the gadulka has declined in popularity the most,
and is rarely heard, even on folk music recordings.
THE GAIDA
The gaida is a bagpipe with one drone. The bag is usually made out of
goat hide, although the very large Macedonian kaba gaida is often made
from sheep hide. The gaida sounds quite different from the more common
Scottish bagpipe.
THE TUPAN
The tupan is a large drum which is played with a big drumstick on one
side and a very thin drumstick on the other. Any person who has ever
learned to play any kind of drum for "western" music (ie, R&R), please
spare all of us and do not try to pick up Bulgarian tupan. Bulgarian
rhythms consist of short beats of two counts and long beats of three
counts, and westerners invariably split the long beats incorrectly.
Other instruments which are common are the dumbek, a small lap drum,
the zurna, an incredibly loud reed instrument, and the tamburitsa,
a plucked string instrument similar to a bouzouki, but these are also
common in Turkey, Greece, and other countries are are not solely Bulgarian.
Originally these instruments were used mostly for village dancing, and
only one or occasionally two instruments would be played at a time.
People would dance to one of the melody instruments, sometimes accompanied
by a tupan. The zurna and tupan is still a popular combination in
Macedonia. In this century, bands became popular which had one or more
of each instrument, say, for instance, a kaval, a gadulka, a gaida, a
tamburitsa, and a tupan. Later, instruments such as the accordeon and
clarinet became popular. Nowadays, the "traditional" Bulgarian wedding
band might have clarinets, electric guitars, and so on.
=============================================================================
4-3 Bulgarian folk dance
(by Ersch Rotholz)
1. Last summer, while visiting Sofia, I had the pleasure of seeing a folk
dance ensemble in the NDK concert hall. It occured to me that this
beautiful Bulgarian art form is little known in the U.S.A. and Canada. I
promised to help the Bulgarian producer find an American producer
(impresario) willing to bring them over here. So far I have not been able
to keep my promise since I do not know how to go about finding a producer.
Any lover of Bulgarian folk dancing and music who might have an idea how to
find such a producer, please call me during the day at (617) 271-6409. Or,
get in touch with the Bulgarian producer directly:
Peter Grigorov, Drujba-2, bl. 206-B, ap. 66, Sofia 1586
The dance group, "Rosna Kitka", comprises boys and girls age 6-13 and
adult instrumentalists. I have a video recording of one of their
performances on VHS, NTSC format (translated from the original SECAM
format). I will gladly make a copy for a producer.
2. Few comments about FAQ Bulgaria.
a) Western music lovers have discovered Bulgarian folk music thanks to
tours of groups such as the Philip Kutev ensemble, Pirin, etc. A CD
recording of the Philip Kutev group is: "Les mystere des voix bulgares"
Elektra/Nonesuch 9 79201/2.
b) Ivo Papasov and his "wedding band" gives jazz-inspired improvisations
based on bulgarian folk motives. Two CDs with Ivo's music are:
"Orpheus Ascending", Hannibal Records Ltd., HNCD-1346 and
"Balkanology", Hannibal Records Ltd., HNCD-1363.
c) Sqdejki po albumite koito imam, imenata na prochutite ni basove se
pishat po slednija nachin:
"Boris Christoff" i "Nicolai Ghiaurov".
Ghiaurov se pishe s "h" sled "g"-to s tsel da se razdeli "g"-to ot
"i"-to. Po tozi nachin imeto se proiznasja GIAUROV a ne DZHAUROV.
=============================================================================
4-4 Bulgarian folk dance
(by Jim Garrett)
I'm a member of a relatively small community of
folk-dancers that especially treasures Bulgarian dancing.
I know many people here in Minneapolis/St. Paul who would love
to see Bulgarian dancers, but I can't help you directly with a
producer. Perhaps the Ethnic Dance Theater based in Minneapolis
would be a good contact. Their number is (612) 872-0024.
-Jim Garrett j...@umnstat.stat.umn.edu
=============================================================================
4-5 Bulgarian records
(by Paul Amblard)
4 records I have at home, 2 of them were recently reviewed in the french
journal TELERAMA.
In the shop I also found a lot of others.
references :
Bulgarian folk ensembles and songs Balkanton 060053
Vocal traditions of Bulgaria Say-disc (UK company) CD-SDL-396
Musics and musicians of the world . Bulgaria . AUVIDIS (French company) UNESCO
collection D 8019
Rhodopa family GEGA GD124
the fourth is the best for my pleasure but other opinions are welcome !!!
=============================================================================
4-6 Bulgarian music : 20th Century
(by Luben Boyanov)
During the first years of the 20th century, the Bulgarians listened to
the works of the first 'famous' Bulgarian composer of classical (not
to be mixed with the definition of L. Bernstein) music - Maestro Atanasoff.
Amongst his famous works are "Kossara", "Borislav" and "Atzek" (opera).
During the same time, 2 brothers - Luben and Pancho Vladigerovi
were sent to study in Europe (? Germany?). Pancho Vladigerov became
the most prominent figure of the Bulgarian classical music. His
most famous work "Bulgarian Rhapsody Vardar" is still the best known and
loved Bulgarian classical composition. Pancho Vladigerov is also the author
of piano concertoes and other works. Pancho Vladigerov is the teacher of
of one of the most famous world pianists - Alexis Weisenberg (living in Paris
at present). Weisenberg left Bulgaria while being a child and came back
only during the early 80-ies enjoying enormous success amongst the Bulgarian
audience. Another world famous pianist and student of Pancho Vladigerov is
Milcho Leviev (who lives in LA) - who also returned with great success in
Bulgaria after years being separated from his country (living in the USA.
The former was/is one of the leading world classical piano playes, the later
is one of the top jazz-piano players. Both are jazz composers.
"Bulgarian Rhapsody Vardar" is composed using Bulgarian folk motives, and so
is another very famous Bulgarian classic music piece - "Thracian Dances" -
by Petko Stainov.
Another famous Bulgarian composer is Parashkev Hadjiev. He had many piano
compositions, songs and operas ("Leto 1893", "Maria Desislava", "Lud
Gidia").
From the younger generation Bulgarian classical music composers are
Krasimir Kyurkchiiski (the ballet "Kosyat Rog") and Stefan Dragostinov
(with the "F. Kutev" ensemble, and also he - Dragostinov - is a composer of
symphony music).
The Bulgarian classical music generation of the 50-ies, 60-ies is
known with the piano composers Emil Naumov (student of Nadia Boulanger)
and Boyan Vodenicharov.
Written without references - according to memory only - sorry if I missed
(or messed) somebody.
=============================================================================
4-7 Addresses of Bulgarian musical companies
(by Luben Boyanov)
Some contact addresses in Bulgaria of companies/distributors of music:
Impressario and Publishing House "Rod"
134 Vasil Levski Bulv, 2nd floor
1504 Sofia
Bulgaria
tel: 359 2 77 03 10
fax: 359 2 43 10 42
Balkanton
6 Haidoushka Polyana Str.
1612 Sofia
Bulgaria
tel: 359 2 52 54 51
fax: 359 2 54 27 44
telex: BALKTON BG
=============================================================================
4-8 Bulgarian Cinema
(by Valentin Todorov)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-4-8.TXT
=============================================================================
5-1 Modern Bulgarian Language courses
(by Kitty Kagay, Ken Grau, Prashant Dave, and Dragomir R. Radev)
In response to Dennis Godfrey's 20th January message regarding the U.S. State
Department's Foreign Service Institute's language course.
It may be of interest that there is another complete set of Bulgarian course
materials available through Slavica Press of Ohio. This course also assumes no
previous knowledge of Bulgarian or any other Slavic language. The course has
supplementary materials which are designed specifically for self-study.
The core-text, titled: A Course in Modern Bulgarian (by Milka Hubernova, Ana
Dzhumadanova & Milka Marinova, Columbus, Ohio: Slavica Publishing, 1983;
Library of Congress number: PG 835 K48x 1983) comes in two parts of about 300
pages each. The two parts consists of 62 lessons with about 60 pages of
additional readings. There is enough material in the two volumes for a 2-3
year university course sequence. Best of all, each volume ends with a 40 page
Bulgarian-English glossary consisting of vocabulary from both volumes. This
glossary is a student's dream supplying accents, plurals, verb conjugations
and aspect, and various irregulars. This feature alone is worth the price of
the book. Note that the two volumes are available separately.
The six-volume supplemental workbooks for self-study for so-called
"Individualized Instruction". The materials are divided into workbooks
titled: Elementary Bulgarian 1, Elementary Bulgarian 2, Intermediate Bulgarian
1, Intermediate Bulgarian 2, Advanced Bulgarian 1, and Advanced Bulgarian 2.
Intermediate Bulgarian 2 is by Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble and Catherine
Rudin and the other five volumes are by Charles E. Gribble and Lyubomira
Parpulova-Gribble. In addition, each volume has a Teacher's Manual containing
tests, transcriptions of material on the tapes, etc. There is also a set of
tapes. The workbooks, Teacher's Manual, and tapes are available from:
Center for Slavic and Eastern European Studies
Ohio State University
Dulles Hall
230 West 17th Avenue
Columbus, Ohio 43210
Telephone: 614-292-8770
The first three workbooks cover the material in part one of the Hubenova text
and the last three workbooks part two of the Hubenova text. These materials
add more exercises, give additional grammatical explanations, add cultural
notes, provide additional reading materials, etc. In addition, these offer
two major features: supplementary note to the core text explaining points
which the Bulgarian authors have overlooked because of their native speakers'
"blind spot" and an answer key to the exercises. The workbooks are available
singly with each covering several (10?) lessons.
Finally, a set of audio cassette tapes is available for volume one of the core
text (lessons 1-26). These tapes include a reading of the text from each
chapter, some drills and exercises, plus a few additional readings of some
short texts.
The textbook and workbooks are all softbound and inexpensive. I don't know
the price of the tapes as a set since the tapes I used were obtained by my
university. I have read through parts of the State Department's text but it
is the Hubenova text that our class worked through systematically. Comparing
the two, I think each has significant shortcomings as well as strengths. My
opinion is that there is no definitive text for the study of Bulgarian (as of
now). Incidentally, I found the State Department's text in my local library
which may be an option for those who like to browse before buying (Bulgarian
Basic Courses, United State Foreign Service Institute. Dewey call number: 491
U58)
For those interested in the Hubenova text, the company is Slavica Publishers.
>From the publishers written statement in an 1987 book of theirs:
"Slavica publishes a wide variety of textbooks and scholarly books on the
languages, peoples, literatures, cultures, history, etc. of the USSR and
Eastern Europe. For a complete catalog of books and journals from Slavica,
with prices and ordering information, write to:
Slavica Publishers, Inc.
P O Box 14388
Columbus, Ohio 43214 - 0388
Phone: 614 - 268 - 4002
Here is a short bibliography (from "Bulgarian" by Charles A. Moser, the
George Washington University).
TEXTBOOKS
1. Charles A. Moser. Bulgarian (The George Washington University:
Washington, DC 1991)
2. Albert Bates Lord. Beginning Bulgarian (The Hague: Mouton, 1962)
3. Milka Hubenova, Ana Dzhumadanova. A Course in Modern Bulgarian 1,2.
Slavica Publishers: Columbus, Ohio, 1983)
Part 1, viii + 303 p. 1983 ( ISBN:0-89357-104-0), $ 16.95
Part 2, ix + 303 p., 1983 (ISBN: 0-89357-105-9), $ 16.95.
4. Charles Gribble and Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble. Elementary Bulgarian 1,2.
Bulgarian Individualized Instruction (Ohio State University: Columbus,
Ohio, 1984)
5. Lyubomira Parpulova-Gribble and Charles Gribble. Advanced Bulgarian 1,2.
Bulgarian Individualized Instruction (Ohio State University: Columbus,
Ohio, 1987)
6. James Augerot & Nikolay Popov. Bqlgarski ezik: A University Course in the
Bulgarian Language (Seattle, 1987)
GRAMMARS
1. Leon Beaulieux. Grammaire de la langue bulgare (Institut d'etudes slaves:
Paris, 1950)
2. Ernest Scatton. A Reference Grammar of Modern Bulgarian (Slavica Publishers:
Columbus, Ohio, 1984)
SPECIFIC TOPICS
1. Ernest Scatton. Bulgarian Phonology (Slavica Publishers: Cambridge, Massa-
chusetts, 1975)
2. Charles Gribble. Reading Bulgarian Through Russian (Slavica Publishers:
Columbus, Ohio, 1987)
=============================================================================
5-2 How to pronounce Bulgarian
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
Bulgarian uses the Cyrillic alphabet.
There are 30 letters. I will show them using a graphical description of
the capital letter (in a 7X7 bitmap).
01 01 [a]
O
O O
O O
OOOOOOO
O O
O O
O O
02 02 [b]
OOOOOOO
O
O
OOOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOOO
03 03 [v]
OOOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOOO
04 04 [g]
OOOOOOO
O
O
O
O
O
O
05 05 [d]
OOO
O O
O O
O O
O O
OOOOOOO
O O
06 06 [e]
OOOOOOO
O
O
OOOOO
O
O
OOOOOOO
07 07 [3] (as in 'vision')
O O O
O O O
OOO
O
OOO
O O O
O O O
08 08 [z] (as in 'zeal')
OOOOO
O O
O
OOO
O
O O
OOOOO
09 09 [i]
O O
O OO
O O O
O O O
O O O
OO O
O O
10 10 [y]
OOO
O O
O OO
O O O
OO O
O O
11 11 [k]
O O
O O
O O
OOOO
O O
O O
O O
12 12 [l-] superimposed hyphen on [l]:
O (IPA symbol for a sound
O O closer to [w] than to [l])
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
13 13 [m]
O O
OO OO
O O O O
O O O
O O
O O
O O
14 14 [n]
O O
O O
O O
OOOOOOO
O O
O O
O O
15 15 [o]
OOOOO
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
OOOOO
16 16 [p]
OOOOOOO
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
17 17 [r]
OOOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOOO
O
O
O
18 18 [s]
OOOOO
O O
O
O
O
O O
OOOOO
19 19 [t]
OOOOOOO
O
O
O
O
O
O
20 20 [u]
O O
O O
O O
OOOOOO
O
O O
OOOOO
21 21 [f]
O
OOOOO
O O O
O O O
O O O
OOOOO
O
22 22 [h]
O O
O O
O O
O
O O
O O
O O
23 23 [ts]
O O
O O
O O
O O
O O
OOOOOOO
O
V
24 24 [ts] (this corresponds to the
O O English 'ch' as in 'chat'
O O
O O
OOOOOOO
O
O
O
V
25 25 [s] English 'sh' as in 'show'
O O O
O O O
O O O
O O O
O O O
O O O
OOOOOOO
V
26 26 [st] English 'sht' as in
O O O 'fresh tea'
O O O
O O O
O O O
O O O
OOOOOO
O
27 27 [^] lower-mid back unrounded
OO vowel: you can get an idea
O from the English 'cut'
O
OOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOO
28 28 [y]
O
O
O
OOOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOOO
29 29 [yu]
O OOO
O O O
O O O
OOO O
O O O
O O O
O OOO
30 30 [ya]
OOOOOO
O O
O O
OOOOOO
O O
O O
O O
=============================================================================
5-3 Where can one get Cyrillic font drivers
(by Slavtcho Nikolov)
One of the largest collections of Cyrillic fonts/drivers is available from
archive.umich.edu:/msdos/dos_fonts/cyrillic but it seems that there are no
descriptions of its content (other than the *.doc files contained in each
archive).
=============================================================================
5-4 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Brian Burtt)
The FAQ mentions DOS Cyrillic fonts. You may wish to include mention
of the Windows Cyrillic font, available by anonymous FTP from
ftp.cica.indiana.edu or nic.funet.fi. This is a True Type font,
at cica its in the /pub/msdos/win3/fonts/truetype dir, at funet I'm
not sure.
=============================================================================
5-5 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
To access those files, use anonymous ftp (if you don't know what this means,
please read the FAQ on ftp-ing in the news.answers newsgroup).
Each line represents one site which has some cyrillic font software. The
text on the first line is the site name. The second line shows the path
name of the directory containing the cyrillic font software.
Note: this listing is accurate as of August 1, 1993.
bongo.cc.utexas.edu
source/tex/AMS-TeX-2.1/amsfonts/sources
claude.cs.umb.edu
private
e-math.ams.com
ams/amsfonts/sources
emx.cc.utexas.edu
pub/mnt/source/tex/AMS-TeX-2.1/amsfonts/sources
ftp.uu.net
pub/text-processing/TeX/ams/amsfonts/sources
gatekeeper.dec.com
contrib/src/crl/tex/src/tex-3.141/ams/amsfonts
gatekeeper.dec.com
contrib/src/crl/tex/mips-ultrix/tex-3.141/ams/amsfonts
kekule.osc.edu
pub/russian/rustex/ftp.tex.ac.uk
ussian/cyr386ix/cyr386ix
kekule.osc.edu
pub/russian/amiga/fonts
labrea.stanford.edu
pub/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources
ftp.cs.umd.edu
pub/cyrillic
pith.uoregon.edu
pub/Solaris2.x/src/tex-3.141/ams/amsfonts
sunsite.unc.edu
pub/packages/TeX/stanford-mirror/ams/amsfonts/sources
wuarchive.wustl.edu
mirrors4/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources
wuarchive.wustl.edu
mirrors3/archive.umich.edu/msdos/dos_fonts
clover.csv.warwick.ac.uk
pub/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources
cnam.cnam.fr
pub/TeX/TeX3/ams/amsfonts
colonsay.dcs.ed.ac.uk
pub/tex/amstex2.1/amsfonts/sources
colonsay.dcs.ed.ac.uk
export/tex/amstex2.1/amsfonts/sources
ipc1.rvs.uni-hannover.de
ftp1/rus/tex/macros/ams/amsfonts/sources
math12.mathematik.uni-bielefeld.de
pub/tex/languages
quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de
pub/TeX/macros/ams/amsfonts/sources
quepasa.cs.tu-berlin.de
pub/TeX/TeX-3.141/ams/amsfonts/sources
reseq.regent.e-technik.tu-muenchen.de
informatik.public/comp/typesetting/tex/tex3.14/AMS/amsfonts/sources
sol.cs.ruu.nl
TEX/AMS/amsfonts/sources
unix.hensa.ac.uk
pub/uunet/pub/text-processing/TeX/ams/amsfonts/sources
iamsun.unibe.ch
TextProcessing/TeX/AMS/amsfonts/sources
kth.se
kth/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources
liasun3.epfl.ch
pub/tex/tex3.14-imake202/ams/amsfonts/sources
nctuccca.edu.tw
USENET/comp.archives/x11
nctuccca.edu.tw
Packages/tex/ams/amsfonts/sources
nctuccca.edu.tw
PC-MsDos/UMich-msdos/dos_fonts
ugle.unit.no
pub/tex/TeX-3.141/ams/amsfonts/sources
toklab.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp
X11R5.binary/lib/fonts
=============================================================================
5-6 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Radosvet Todorov)
New ALPHA software for East European languages
(1) AlphaWin adds to Windows 3.1 and other Windows applications
(Word for Windows, Excel, WordPerfect for Windows, etc.) the
ability to write in Cyrillic (Byelorussian, Bulgarian, Mace-
donian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), and in other East (Albanian,
Croatian, Czech, Hungarian, Polish, Roumanian, Slovak, Turkish)
and West European languages as well as in Greek, Armenian, and
Baltic languages. By using the Windows graphic capabilities with
TrueType and PostScript fonts, one can easily arrange text and
data on screen, and then see it printed (WYSIWYG).
(2) AlphaRead is an OCR software that reads multiple TIFF files with
built in Russian and Bulgarian spell checkers.
(3) AlphaLex includes English-Russian and English-Bulgarian dictionaries
as well as Hyphenators in these languages.
If you are interested, please, contact
T. TODOROV
P.O.Box 39
Kr. Popov No 49
BG-1421 Sofia, Bulgaria
FAX: +3592 665281
E-Mail: rtod...@iwt7.uni-bielefeld.de
=============================================================================
5-7 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Valentin Todorov)
Kato mnogo drugi hora i az se draznja da cheta i osobeno da pisha na
bylgarski, no na latinica.
I eto kakvo pravja.
(Predvaritelno iskam da kazha, che ne razbiram pochti nishto ot kompjutri,
taka che specialistite da ne se smejat, ako syshtestvuvat po-prosti reshenija
ili na mesta govorja gluposti. Vazhnoto e, che tova reshenie raboti za men i
za tova iskam da go spodelja. Vyzmozhno e da e polezno i za njakoj drug.)
Napravih si dva konvertirashti makrosa - edin za latinizacija i edin za
kirilizacija. (Az polzvam _PC and Word for Windows_.) Te predstavljavat
neshto takova:
Sub MAIN
EditReplace .Find = "?", .Replace = "?", .WholeWord = 0, .MatchCase = 0,
.Format = 0, \
.ReplaceAll = 1
.
.
EditReplace .Find = "?", .Replace = "?", .WholeWord = 0, .MatchCase = 0,
.Format = 0, \
.ReplaceAll = 1
End Sub
Kato na mjastoto na ? slagam syotvetnite znaci, koito trjabva da se
zamenjat.
Izpolzvam slednata konvencija za bylgarskata azbuka:
A; B; V (W); G; D; E; ZH; Z; I; J; K;
L; M; N; O; P; R; S; T; U; F; H (X sled Z);
C; CH; SH; SHT; Y (Q); J; JU; JA
Taka che spokojno si pisha na kirilica v _Word_, sled tova konvertitam na
latinica, posle prehvyrljam v _ASCII_ format i izprashtam v ljubimata
_soc.cult.bg_.
Kogato poluchavam postingi na bylgarski s latinica, pyrvo gi prehvyrljam v
_Word_, posle prilagam obratnija proces i si cheta spokojno na rodnata
pismenost.
-----------------------
Preimushtestva:
naj-posle pishesh i chetesh na kirilica;
nishto ne se instalira po syrverite;
lesnota na reshenieto - vseki mozhe da si napravi podobni konverirashti
makrosi, nezavisimo kakyv _hardware i software_ polzva;
mashinna syvmestimost;
psihologicheska syvmestimost - kojto njama vreme i zhelanie da konvertira,
mozhe pak da si chete i pishe direktno na latinica, dokato drugi vsyshtnost
prilagat translaciite.
Nedostatyci:
zaguba na vreme za konvertirane;
zaguba na vreme za prehvyrljane na postingite v syotvtnija tekstovi
redaktor, i obratno v _ASCII_.
-------------------------------------
Nakraja za konvencijata.
Mislja, che i bez da e zadavana izrichno, nad 90% ot horata, pisheshti na
bylgarski s latinica, se predyrzhat kym neja. Bi bilo chudesno ako vsichki go
pravjat. Tova olesnjava cheteneto dori bez da stava duma za konvertirane.
Kakto se vizhda, kydeto e vyzmozhno, sym predvidil i alternativi - ne samo
V, no i W vyv "v", ne samo _Y_, no i _Q_ v "y", zashtoto ima bylgari iz
Mrezhata, koito pishat i po tozi nachin. Ako _W i Q_ se upotrebjavat samo
v tezi sluchai, ednoznachnostta vse pak se zapazva.
Izvsten problem predstavljava bukvata "h", kojato osven che e systavna v
znacite za "sht", "sh", "zh" i "ch", e syshto taka i samostojatelna bukva.
Zapadnite slavisti sa reshili problema, kato izpolzvat _X_ kogato stava duma
za samostojatelnata upotreba (naprimer v "hljab"). Tyj kato obache v
_soc.cult.bg_ povecheto hora pishat samo "h" i v dvata sluchaja, az
napravih kompromis - reshih da upotrebjavam _X_ samo v syvsem redkite
sluchai, kogato e vyzmozhna neednoznachnost na cheteneto. A imenno
SAMO v kombinacijata "ZX" (v "izxod", "razxod", "vyzxod", "vyzxiten" i pr.).
Inache "h" si e _H_. Taka i agneto sito, i vylka cjal :-)
Drugi razlichija:
Bukvite "zh" i "er malyk" se pishat ot njakoi kato _J ili DJ_ i syotvetno
_Y_. Syshto taka syvsem rjadko "c" se sreshta kato _TS ili TZ_. Bih pomolil
tezi hora (ako tova ne nakyrnjava osobeno lichnata im svoboda na izkaz) da
se pridyrzhat kym neglasnata konvencija. Za koeto predvaritelno im
blagodarja.
I posledno syobrazhenie: kogato v teksta si na bylgarski vkljuchvam dumi i
bukvi direktno na anglijski, obiknoveno gi zagrazhdam s "dolni tireta" (t.e. s
_ ), zashtoto kogato se konvertira vsichko obratno v kirilica se poluchavat
razni idiotshtini (naprimer ako pisha USA, pisha go _USA_, za da se znae,
che tova e SASHT, a ne njakakva si "uvca" ili "osa" :-)
Vyprosa za transliterirashtata konvencija bi mogyl da se vkljuchi vyv
_FAQ_.
=============================================================================
5-8 Cyrillic font drivers
(by Stanislav Todorov)
There are two families of Cyrillic fonts which can be used with TeX/LaTeX:
wncyr.... -- included in AMSTeX
cmcyr.... -- made to look and feel like Computer Modern latin
You can get them [ and anything else you ever wanted for TeXing ] by anonymous
ftp from many sites. My favorites:
rusinfo.rus.uni-stuttgart.de
ymir.claremont.edu
niord.shsu.edu
If you're in Europe -- look in Stuttgart. It's a UNIX machine. The fonts
can be found in the "pub/soft/tex/fonts/ams" directory.
If you're in North America -- look in Sam Houston State U. [ in Texas, of
course ]. The fonts are in the "anon_dev:fileserv.amsfonts_cyrillic" directory.
It's on a VAX.
One problem. These directories contain the Metafont [ extension .MF ] font
files. These are device-independent font maps. To generate fonts for the
particular printer you are using from the particular machine you are writing
on, you need to run METAFONT.
For those of you [ like me ] using good old-fashioned 486's and HP LaserJets
here follows first-hand info. For those of you on _any_ other machine, just
log into one of the above and look for machine-specific stuff. As an aside,
rusinfo, e.g., contains the following subdirectories in "pub/soft/tex/systems/:
acorn, amiga, atari, mac, msdos, os2, unix, etc.
Back to PC users -- log into stuttgart, e.g., and look in "/pub/soft/tex/
systems/msdos/emtex". This contains the excellent emTeX package [ give credit
to Eberhard Mattes here] which has Tex, LaTex, BibTeX, PicTeX, SliTeX, bTeX,
bLaTeX, etc. _plus_ screen and printer drivers _plus_ [ most importantly ]
Metafont -- in /disk4 -- mf... and mfware...
Well, you just get these files, unzip them, read the instructions.
Then get the font [ *.MF ] files.
Then execute MFJOB [ properly ] and let it generate the cyrillic fonts for
whatever printer you happen to have. If you are running emTeX then you may
want to consolidate these newly generated fonts into your font library files
[ .FLI]using FONTLIB. If you decide to keep them as separate .PK files or as
separate cyrillic.FLI libraries, don' forget to update your printer.CNF file
accordingly.
I recommend patience; you should succeed in a couple of days. I'm afraid
I can't volunteer willingly to answer all questions -- last time I did this was
a year ago and my memory is not what it used to.
I am also assuming you have a keyboard and a screen driver to let you input and
see cyrillic characters. Again, on the PC, I use the "BDS" driver -- by far
the most popular in BG [ year-old info ].
=============================================================================
5-9 Transliteration
(by Jan Labanowski)
Translit --- general transliteration program is available. It transliterates
between different alphabet representations of different languages.
It is frequently necessary to convert from one representation to another
representation of the foreign alphabet. E.g., in the Library of Congress
transliteration, the Russian letter sha is transliterated as two Latin
letters "sh" while the popular word processors use a code 232 (decimal),
the RELCOM network uses a code 221, and the KOI7 set uses character "["
for the same letter. So if your screen driver, printer, word processor,
etc. uses different codes than the text file which you have, you need to
transliterate.
The TRANSLIT program is a powerful tool for such tasks. It converts an input
file in one representation to the output file in another representation using
appropriate, user defined, transliteration table. Transliteration table allows
for very elaborate transliteration tasks and includes provisions for plain
character sequences, character lists, regular expressions (flexible matches),
SHIFT-OUT/IN sequences and more. The program comes with documentation and
examples of popular transliteration schemes. The Russian language serves
as an example. Other files will be added with your collaboration.
How to get the program?
First, retrieve file: readme.doc --- it describes the files in the program
distribution and has detailed instructions on how to obtain the program.
Via FTP (if you are on Internet):
---------------------------------
ftp kekule.osc.edu (or ftp 128.146.36.48)
Login: anonymous
Password: Your_email_address (Please...)
ftp> ascii
ftp> cd pub/russian/translit
ftp> get readme.doc
ftp> quit
Via E-mail:
-----------
Send message:
send translit/readme.doc from russian
to OSC...@osc.edu or OSC...@OHSTPY.BITNET. The file readme.doc will be
forwarded to your mailbox.
Author coordinates:
Jan Labanowski
P.O. Box 21821
Columbus, OH 43221-0821, USA
j...@osc.edu, J...@OHSTPY.BITNET
=============================================================================
5-10 How to count in Bulgarian
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
1 - edno (ed-NOH)
2 - dve (DVAY)
3 - tri (TREE)
4 - chetiri (CHAY-tee-ree)
5 - pet (PET)
6 - shest (SHEST)
7 - sedem (SAY-dem)
8 - osem (AW-sem)
9 - devet (DAY-vet)
10 - deset (DAY-set)
=============================================================================
5-11 Address of Hemus Publishing Co.
(by Teodora Davidova)
You can send a fax with your questions concerning Bulgarian books and peridicals about folk Music and Bulgarian culture to:
Bulgaria
Sofia 1000
1b "Raiko Daskalov" Sq.
HEMUS Co.,Inc.
=============================================================================
6-1 Voice/fax numbers of the bulgarian embassy in US
(by Alex Haralampiev)
phone (202) 387-7969
fax (202) 234-7973
=============================================================================
6-2 U.S. Information Sources On Bulgaria
(source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business
Bulletin)
Bulgarian Embassy Commercial Office
Boris Ratchev, Commercial Attache
1621 22nd Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20008
Tel: 202-332-6609
Fax: 202-462-8051
Telex: 21-15-61
Eastern Europe Business Information Center
Room 7412
U.S. Department of Commerce
14th St. and Constitution Ave., N.W.
Washington, DC 20230
Tel: 202-482-2645
Fax: 202-482-4473
U.S. Department of Commerce
Jeremy Keller, Lynn Fabrizio
Bulgaria Desk Officers
Room 3413
14th St. and Constitution Ave., N.W.
Washington, DC 20230
Tel: 202-482-4915
Fax: 202-482-4505
Bulgaria-U.S. Trade & Economic Council
Kay Larcom, Executive Director
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
1615 H Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20062
Tel: 202-463-5482
Fax: 202-463-3114
Bulgarian-American Enterprise Fund
(U.S. address)
Frank L. Bauer, President
Gary E. MacDougal, Chairman
333 West Wacker Drive
Suite 2080
Chicago, IL 60606
Tel: 312-629-2500
Fax: 312-629-2929
For Consular Services Only (visas, consular law, etc.)
Embassy of the Republic of Bulgaria
Georgi Peychinov, Consular Officer
1621 22nd Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20008
Tel: 202-483-5885
Fax: 202-234-7973
Consular Office hours:
10:30 a.m.-12:30 a.m.
Monday-Friday
=============================================================================
6-3 Useful Contacts in Bulgaria
(source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business
Bulletin)
American Embassy Sofia
John Fogarasi, Commercial Attache
No.1 Bulgaria Square
NDK Administration Building, 5th Floor
Sofia, Bulgaria
(APO NY 09213-5740)
Tel: 359-2-65-94-64 (or 359-2-88-48-01 ext. 307)
Fax: 359-2-80-38-50 (or 80-19-77)
Telex: 22690 BG
Ministry of Industry & Trade
Boris Nachev, International Trade Specialist
8, ul. Slavyanska
1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
Tel: 359-2-80-37-28
Fax: 359-2-89-76-05
Evgeni Kharalanov, U.S. Desk Officer
Tel: 359-2-87-24-20
Fax: 359-2-89-76-05
Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce & Industry
Vladimir Lambrev, President
11A, A.Stamboliiski Blvd.
1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
Tel: 359-2-87-26-31
Fax: 359-2-87-32-09
Bulgarian-American Enterprise Fund
Ms. L. Searle Vetter, Managing Director
3 Shipka Street
Sofia, Bulgaria
Tel: 359-2-44-18-62
Fax: 359-2-43-89-47
=============================================================================
6-4 How to reach the Americal University in Bulgaria.
(by Karen Colburn and Gregory Gouzev)
These two addresses are taken from a brochure on the
American University in Bulgaria, established 1991.
( copied here without permission )
4 year Bachelor of Arts Degrees in Administration,
Applied Economics, Computer Science, History, English,
Political Science/International Relations,
Journalism/Mass Communications.
Accredited through the University of Maine,
TOEFL and SAT or ACT required.
American University in Bulgaria
Blagoevgrad 2700, Bulgaria
Tel.: (359) 73-23 652
(359) 73-20 968
Fax: (359) 73-25 218
American University in Bulgaria
Office of Development
3243 Sutton Place N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20016
Tel.: (202) 686-9890
Fax: (202) 686-4538
e-mail domain name : aubg.bg
For e-mail:
There are two variants to try first:
<name>@aubg.bg and <name>@nws.aubg.bg
Yet the American University in Bulgaria is NOT connected to Internet via
an TCP/IP link, therefore, there is no way you can find aliases, or an
IP address for it. Sometimes local mailers reject 'aubg.bg' as a valid
domain for this reason. What I found to work is:
<name>%aub...@Bulgaria.eu.net
Here are some names to use in case you have specific questions:
valentin@... Mr. Valentin Shopov, Office of Communications and Computing
danche@... Iordanka Melnikliyska, Admissions Officer
watkins@... Ms. Watkins, the President of the University
pstmaster@... Gets forwarded to Mr. Shopov.
Thanks to: vo...@cogsci.edinburgh.ac.uk, dan...@digsys.bg, Wiktor Gonet
(GO...@klio.umcs.lublin.pl), and Jeffrey Goldberg (gold...@nytud.hu) for
their invaluable help.
=============================================================================
6-5 What is the address of the Bulgarian chapter of the Association of
Computing Machinery.
The e-mail address for the Bulgarian chapter is:
postm...@acmbul.bg
=============================================================================
6-6 How to reach the AAPBC (American Association for the Promotion of
Bulgarian Culture)
(by Mincho Tsankov)
A A P B C
American Association for the Promotion of BULGARIAN CULTURE
The American Association for the promotion of Bulgarian Culture (AAPBC)
is an American non-profit organization, founded in Washington, D.C., with
international membership, which shall foster the culture of Bulgaria to take
a deserved place among the cultures of the world. It shall be guided by the
following principles:
1. AAPBC shall invariably serve as a reliable source of information
concerning the culture of Bulgaria.
2. AAPBC shall facilitate the explanation and interpretation of the
evolution of the culture of Bulgaria.
3. AAPBC shall support the creation of valuable works of culture and the
advancement and dissemination of the culture of Bulgaria in all its aspects.
4. AAPBC shall make impartial efforts toward the preservation of all
Bulgarian cultural treasures.
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-6-6.TXT
=============================================================================
7-1 Bulgaria's New Cabinet (as of December 1992)
(source: Department of Commerce of the USA, Eastern Europe Business
Bulletin)
Note: There have been changes to the cabinet. Please keep this in mind.
Prime Minister (Chairman of the Council of Ministers) : Lyuben Berov
Ministry Minister
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Trade Valentin Karabashev (Deputy Chairman)
Transportation Kiril Ermenkov
Labor/Social Welfare Evgeni Matinchev (Deputy Chairman)
Foreign Affairs Stanislav Daskalov
Environment Valentin Bosevski
Industry Rumen Bikov
Finance Stoyan Aleksandrov
Defense Valentin Aleksandrov
Interior Kosta Bogacevski
Justice Petqr Kornajev
Science & Higher Education Marko Todorov
Culture Ivaylo Znepolski
Agriculture Georgi Tanev
Health Tancho Gugalov
Territorial Development & Hristo Totev
Construction
=============================================================================
7-2 How much taxes do Bulgarians pay
(by Yulian Donchev)
Za mesechni dohodi ot zaplati
do 2000 leva - 20% za gornitsata nad 1250 leva
do 6000 leva 150 leva + 24% za gornitsata nad 2000 leva
do 12000 leva 1110 leva + 28% za gornitsata nad 6000 leva
do 200000 leva 2790 leva + 32% za gornitsata nad 12000 leva
do 400000 leva 5350 leva + 36% za gornitsata nad 20000 leva
do 800000 leva 12550 leva + 40% za gornitsata nad 40000 leva
do 125000 leva 28550 leva + 44% za gornitsata nad 80000 leva
do 225000 leva 48350 leva + 48% za gornitsata nad 125000 leva
nad 225000 leva 96350 leva + 52% za gornitsata nad 225000 leva
Za godishni dohodi ot svobodni profesii
do 24000 leva - 20% za gornitsata nad 15000 leva
do 72000 leva 1800 leva + 24% za gornitsata nad 24000 leva
do 144000 leva 13320 leva + 28% za gornitsata nad 72000 leva
do 240000 leva 33480 leva + 32% za gornitsata nad 144000 leva
do 480000 leva 64200 leva + 36% za gornitsata nad 240000 leva
do 960000 leva 150600 leva + 40% za gornitsata nad 480000 leva
do 1500000 leva 342600 leva + 44% za gornitsata nad 960000 leva
do 2700000 leva 580200 leva + 48% za gornitsata nad 1500000 leva
nad 2700000 leva 1156200 leva+ 52% za gornitsata nad 2700000 leva
=============================================================================
8-1 How did Bulgaria perform at the 1992 Olympic Games.
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
GOLD
----
Ivan Ivanov Weightlifting 52 kg
Nikolay Boukhalov Canoe 500 m singles
Nikolay Boukhalov Canoe 1000 m singles
SILVER
------
Valentin Getsov Free-style wrestling 68 kg
Vessela Letcheva Air-Rifle
Nonka Matova Smallbore Rifle - 3 positions
Nikolai Peshalov Weightlifting 60 kg
Yoto Yotov Weightlifting 67.5 kg
Tsvetanka Khristova Discus
DANIEL BOJINOV BOXING 48 KG
BRONZE
------
Valentin Yordanov Free-Style Wrestling 114.5 lb. (???? kg)
Maria Zdravkova (Grozdeva?) Air-Pistol
Yordanka Donkova 100 m Hurdles
Svilen Roussinov Boxing 201+ lb. (????? kg)
Martin Marinov, Blagovest Stoyanov Canoe 500 doubles
Stefan Botev Weightlifting 110 kg
Comments:
A TOTAL OF 16 MEDALS (3 GOLD, 7 SILVER, 6 BRONZE)
In weightlifting (after all events) : 4 medals ONLY.
In rhythmic gymnastics : NO medal
Spelling : according to the official spelling used in the newspapers.
=============================================================================
8-2 How did Bulgaria perform at the World Football (Soccer) Cups
(by Karel Stokkermans)
*** World Cup 1962 (Chile, May 30-June 17)
FIRST PHASE
Group IV (Rancagua)
Argentina 1-0 Bulgaria 1.HUNGARY 3 2 1 0 8- 2 5
Hungary 2-1 England 2.ENGLAND 3 1 1 1 4- 3 3
Argentina 1-3 England 3.Argentina 3 1 1 1 2- 3 3
Bulgaria 1-6 Hungary 4.Bulgaria 3 0 1 2 1- 7 1
Argentina 0-0 Hungary (England takes quarterfinal spot ahead
Bulgaria 0-0 England of Argentina on goal average.)
*** World Cup 1966 (England, July 11-30)
FIRST PHASE
Group III (Liverpool and Manchester)
Brazil 2-0 Bulgaria 1.PORTUGAL 3 3 0 0 9- 2 6
Portugal 3-1 Hungary 2.HUNGARY 3 2 0 1 7- 5 4
Hungary 3-1 Brazil 3.Brazil 3 1 0 2 4- 6 2
Portugal 3-0 Bulgaria 4.Bulgaria 3 0 0 3 1- 8 0
Portugal 3-1 Brazil
Hungary 3-1 Bulgaria
*** World Cup 1970 (Mexico, May 31-June 21)
FIRST PHASE
Group IV (Leon)
Peru 3-2 Bulgaria 1.WEST GERMANY 3 3 0 0 10- 4 6
Morocco 1-2 West Germany 2.PERU 3 2 0 1 7- 5 4
Peru 3-0 Morocco 3.Bulgaria 3 0 1 2 5- 9 1
Bulgaria 2-5 West Germany 4.Morocco 3 0 1 2 2- 6 1
Peru 1-3 West Germany
Bulgaria 1-1 Morocco
*** World Cup 1974 (West Germany, June 13-July 7)
FIRST PHASE
Group III (D"usseldorf, Hannover and Dortmund)
Sweden 0-0 Bulgaria 1.NETHERLANDS 3 2 1 0 6- 1 5
Uruguay 0-2 Netherlands 2.SWEDEN 3 1 2 0 3- 0 4
Netherlands 0-0 Sweden 3.Bulgaria 3 0 2 1 2- 5 2
Bulgaria 1-1 Uruguay 4.Uruguay 3 0 1 2 1- 6 1
Bulgaria 1-4 Netherlands
Sweden 3-0 Uruguay
*** World Cup 1986 (Mexico, May 31-June 29)
FIRST PHASE
Group I (Ciudad de Mexico and Puebla)
Bulgaria 1-1 Italy 1.ARGENTINA 3 2 1 0 6- 2 5
Argentina 3-1 South Korea 2.ITALY 3 1 2 0 5- 4 4
Italy 1-1 Argentina 3.BULGARIA 3 0 2 1 2- 4 2
South Korea 1-1 Bulgaria 4.South Korea 3 0 1 2 4- 7 1
South Korea 2-3 Italy
Argentina 2-0 Bulgaria
1/8 FINALS
Ciudad de Mexico
Mexico 2-0 Bulgaria
=============================================================================
8-3 How did Bulgarian teams perform in the 1993-94 UEFA cups
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
1st round (Sept. 15 and Sept. 29):
Botev Plovdiv - *Olympiakos 2:3 1:5 (UEFA Cup)
Glasgow Rangers - *Levski 3:2 1:2 (Champions' Cup)
*CSKA - Balzers Liechtenstein 8:0 3:1 (Cup Holders' Cup)
Lokomotiv Plovdiv - *Lazio 0:2 0:2 (UEFA Cup)
Note: the teams marked with * advance to the second round.
2nd round (Oct. 20 and Nov. 3):
Levski - *Werder Bremen 2:2 0:1
*Benfica - CSKA 3:1 3:1
Note: the teams marked with * advance to the third round.
Source: rec.sport.soccer
=============================================================================
8-4 Who are the most famous Bulgarian athletes of all times
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
I am accepting nominations for this entry.
So far (not in any specific order);
Georgi Asparuhov (Gundi) - football(soccer)
Dan Kolov - wrestling
Manuela Maleeva - tennis
Magdalena Maleeva - tennis
Katerina Maleeva - tennis
Stefka Kostadinova - track & field (high jump)
Yordanka Donkova - track & field (100 m hurdles)
Nurair Nurikyan - weightlifting
Stefan Botev - weightlifting
Antonio Krqstev - weightlifting
Naum Shalamanov (Naim Suleymanov) - weightlifting
Stefan Topurov - weightlifting
Hristo Markov - track & field (triple jump)
Tanya Bogomilova - swimming
Hristo Stoichkov - football(soccer)
Yordanka Hristova - track & field (discus)
Anelia Ralenkova - gymnastics
Iliana Raeva - gymnastics
Lili Ignatova - gymnastics
Petqr Georgiev - diving
...and a lot more
=============================================================================
8-5 How did the Bulgarian soccer team perform in the qualifications for
WC 94?
Bulgaria - France 2:0 France - Bulgaria 1:2
Bulgaria - Finland 2:0 Finland - Bulgaria 0:3
Bulgaria - Israel 2:2 Israel - Bulgaria 0:2
Bulgaria - Sweden 1:1 (?) Sweden - Bulgaria 2:0
Bulgaria - Austria 4:1 Austria - Bulgaria 3:1
=============================================================================
8-6 What is the schedule of the Bulgarian soccer team at WC 94?
Will be known December 17th. In the USA the drawing will be shown on ESPN.
=============================================================================
9-1 Where's the Bulgarian club in Chicago.
(by Vassil Peytchev)
This article was supposed to be written long time ago, but my ability to be
totally desorganized has prevented me from doing it.
Those who went to vote for President of Bulgaria in Chicago may remember that
next to the voting place there is a restaurant called "Play it again, Sam".
When I was there I met the owner - Hamid Rousev. He invited me to go there
again some other time when we would have time to chat. This happened when the
Mistery of Bulgarian Voices Choir came to Madison. A friend of mine was here
from Duke U. who had a car, so we took three of the singers with us and went
to Hamid's place. Learning that my friends were Bulgarians and moreover,
folk singers, we were met with the traditional Bulgarian hospitality. At
the next table were sitting other Bulgarians, who decided that the first round
should be on them. We had Slivova, Grozdova, Shopska Salata, wine, etc. Hamid
came to us and we started talking about this and that, how things are going in
Bulgaria, where he was from, are there many Bulgarians in Chicago. Gradually
more and more Bulgarians came in the place and sat at our table - some have
been in the States for more than 30 years, others have just come `na gurbet'.
While we were talking, Hamid expressed many of the thaughts Luben Boyanov
shared with us in his first letter on the Bulgarian mailing list - about the
way Bulgarians abroad don't keep in touch with each other, the lack of
cooperation among them (or us?), etc. So he told me about his idea: he turned
out to be the owner of the place where we voted and he wants to turn it into
a Bulgarian Club, where one could find Bulgarian newspapers, meet other
Bulgarians, find information about different things, even come for help and
advice. He wants to create a computer directory of Bulgarians troughout the US,
so that if someone has to go to a new place, he or she will have an
emergency connection there.
The evening continued with hora and folk songs, with the help of Kolyo, who is
the regular keyboard player at Hamid's place, and with the wonderful voices
of the singers. After spending more than 5 hours there, Hamid refused to get
any money from us and wished us good luck on our way home, which we really
needed.
If anybody is interested in this place or has the opportunity of helping the
establishment of this club, here are the phone and fax numbers and the
address of `Play it again, Sam':
Phone: (312)889-6088
Fax : (312)237-5444
7150 W. Grand Avenue
Chicago, IL 60635
If there are similar places in other cities in the US or in Europe, it will
be interesting to here about it. I am ready to make a summary of the places,
so you can either post it here, or you can mail it to me at vas...@cs.wisc.edu
=============================================================================
9-2 Some advice from an American who visited Bulgaria in 1991
(by Rick Speer)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-9-2.TXT
=============================================================================
9-3 Prices of buildings in Bulgaria
(by Peter Yovchev)
Note: as of June 1993.
Predi vreme imashe ideya grupata da predlaga osven kulturna i politicheska
sqshto i delova informaciya.
Eto moyta pqrva skromna lepta :
CENI NA KV. M. APARTAMENT V SOFIYA
Centqr 16800 lv.
Belite brezi ,Ivan Vazov, Hipodruma - 14500 lv.
Zona B-5, Pavlovo , Zaharna fabrika - 13800 lv.
Iztok , Serdika - 13000 lv.
Geo Milev, Bqkston,Borovo,Banishora - 12000 lv.
Razsadnika,Suha reka,Poduene - 9300 lv.
Slatina - 8600 lv.
Svoboda - 7700 lv.
Musagenica,Vitosha, Kr.polyana,Izgrev,Dqrvenica,Ovcha kupel - 10800 lv.
Knyajevo - 6700 lv.
Levski -6200 lv.
Mladost - 9600 lv.
Lyulin - 7300 -9400 lv.
Nadejda - 8600 - 10100 lv.
Drujba - 7600 - 8100 lv.
Obelya - 7000 lv.
Hadji Dimitqr - 7400 lv.
=============================================================================
9-4 Prices of real-estate in Bulgaria
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
Eto i ceni, po koito se predlagat parceli v i okolo Sofiya
(ot v-k "Pari", 28 juni 1993):
BGL / kv.m.
- Gornobanski p`t, 1000 kv.m. 1 300
- zad Mototehnika, 735 kv.m. 1 000
- Knyajevo, 800 kv.m. 800
- Malo Buchino, 800 kv.m. 350
- Pobit Kam`k, 800 kv.m. 300
- Voynyagovci, 1 400 kv.m. 450
Predlagat se s`shto parceli v`v Florida, USA:
- Florida, USA, 20 dka, pravo na stroej, shose,
tok 39 BGL / kv.m.
Kakto vijdate, parcelite v Malo Buchino sa dalech po-
sk`pi ot tezi v`v Florida (e, Evropa si e Evropa !).
=============================================================================
9-5 How to use credit cards in Bulgaria
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
During my two-week stay in Bulgaria I tried to check how cash could be obtained
from a cradit card account or by cashing a traveller's cheque.
First, there was an office of American Express recently established in Sofia.
It is located at Batemberg square, at the former office of Yugoslavian airlines
JAT. One can obtaing emergency cash from his/her account in this office. I am
not sure what is the commission they take for that service. Almost $ 1000 were
available to me.
Second, Balkantourist is a travel representative of AMEX, offering many
services in their office on 1, Vitosha Blvd., including traveller's mail,
cashing traveller's cheques, getting cash from AMEX credit card account, etc.
They charge 1 % commission + 10 BGL per traveller's cheque for cashing the
latter. If you want to use your AMEX charge card, it will cost you 4.5 %
commission, and you can get cash only in Bulgarian leva, according to
Balkantourist rate.
Several other exchange bureaus also can give you Bulgarian leva charging
your credit card account (AMEX, Visa, Mastercard), but all I have seen
charge 8 % commission.
AMEX traveller's cheques can be cashed in some banks as well. One of them
is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, which has
an office on the 3 floor of EuropaPalace Hotel (former Hotel Rila) in the
center of Sofia. First Private Bank also cashes AMEX as well as Mastercard
traveller's cheques. You can check with Balkan Air Tours (the office of
Balkan Airlines at Sofiyska Communa St.) for cashing AMEX and Eurocheques.
Credit cards are accepted for payments of airline tickets at offices of
Balkan Airlines, as well as by many travel agencies. Yoy can also use
major cards for purchases at CUM and some other stores (e.g., Boujour chain
of Stambouli brothers - Cypruss). You can certainly use a credit card at the
duty free shops (e.g., at Sofia airport). In a TV interview they also said that
a chain of private gas stations now under construction will also start
accepting credit cards.
=============================================================================
9-6 How much does it cost to fly from the USA to Bulgaria and back
(by Plamen Bliznakov)
Flights on Balkan Bulgarian Airlines
Effective Sep 01, 1993
Schedule : Eastbound Mon, Fri JFK-SOF LZ602 18:30 - 10:00+1
Westbound Mon, Fri SOF-JFK LZ601 11:00 - 13:45
Shoulder Season Low Season
9/01 - 10/31 11/01 - 12/10
12/10 - 1/04 1/05 - 3/31
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
>From JFK - Economy class
Round-trip travel, Stay up to
1 month 669 640
2 months 734 691
4 months 840 798
6 months 924 882
1 year 1,300 1,300
One way 578 525
>From JFK - Business class
Round-trip travel 1,300 1,300
One way 700 700
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sofia-JFK, tickets issued in the USA - Economy class
Round-trip travel, Stay up to
1 month 618 599
2 months 647 627
Pre-paid tickets Sofia-JFK, tickets issued in Bulgaria but paid in the USA
4 months 786 762
6 months 871 846
1 year 952 952
One way 537 537
Business class
Round-trip 952 952
One way 619 619
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Notes
- New York City Airport tax : $ 21 for round-trips, $ 9 for one way EB,
$ 15 for one way WB
- Departures - JFK Airport-International Building - East wing terminal
(Air Lingus)
- Infants (no seat) pay 20 %, children pay 67 % of adult fare
- Tickets are restricted, cancelation penalties apply. Fare subject to change
- Pre-paid tickets from Sofia : add $ 20 per person
- Baggage allowance : 2 pieces, each max 70 lb. Extra piece : $ 81
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plamen
P.S. Some numbers look suspicious to me (e.g., prices for a round-trip
travel with a stay up to 1 year are the same for Economy class and for
Business class; also, two one-ways are cheaper than one 1-year round-trip
travel). However, this are the prices which the agency my wife works at
received officially. I might ask her to verify some specific figures if
there is interest.
=============================================================================
9-7 Can Bulgarians exchange leva for hard currency
(by Vassil Peychev)
You can buy any amount of dollars from a "Change" office, which are
everywhere in the bigger cities. However, to be able to get the currency out
of the country you need a document, certifying where you have it from - for
this, you need an international passport (no visa), and the limit is 10,000
lv. However, you can usually get away with a slightly higher amount, and in
my experience the customs officers don't care. If you bring currency in, you
can take it out with your entry customs form, so don't throw it away!
Also, soon the limit will be 50,000 leva, and if you need the money for
medical care abroad or for education, there is no limit - but I guess this
would involve some unpleasant amount of paperwork.
=============================================================================
9-8 Bringing electrical devices to Bulgaria
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
Be careful when bringing electrical appliances from the U.S. to Bulgaria.
The voltage there (as in the rest of Europe) is 220 V. Don't lose your
equipment to the high voltage! In addition to this, note that the frequency
used in Bulgaria is 50 Hz, not 60 Hz.
In addition to this, please note that plugs (and outlets) in Bulgaria are
different than those in the U.S. So, even if your computer (VCR, or whatever)
can operate at 220 V, you will still need a special plug (it's better to
purchase it before coming to Bulgaria, since you might not be able to find
one there).
=============================================================================
9-9 Visit to Varna
(by Austin Kelly)
Some advice from an American who lived in Bulgaria in 1992-1993 (by
Austin Kelly)
The following is based on 9 months of teaching at the Technical and
Economics Universities of Varna, and a limited amount of traveling
throughout Bulgaria in the 1992-93 academic year. While I can relate
my experiences, bear in mind that there is an enormous amount of
diversity in Bulgaria - take all advice with big grains of salt.
First piece of advice - go there, and travel around. The Black Sea
Coast is beautiful year round, and has excellent swimming from July
through September (June or October if you are really lucky). The
mountains are beautiful for hiking, hunting, or skiing in the Winter.
And the art and architecture of the monasteries is not to be missed.
Most of the large state-owned hotels charge rip-off prices ($100-$200) to
foreigners. In Sofia the Sheraton, the New Otani, and to a lesser
extent, the Grand Hotel and Park Hotel Moskva provide high standards
at high prices. The other big hotels provide the high prices, but don't
bother with the service. Private hotels provide a much better
correlation between price and service. In Turnovo the Hotel Veliko
Turnovo charges stiff prices ($80 dbl) but gives good service in return, as
does the Grand Hotel Varna in Sveti Konstantin. The other big hotels
in Sveti Konstantin and Golden Sands are badly overpriced. There are
alternatives to consider. In Sofia there is a very small hotel between
the airport and downtown attached to the Archeological Institute, called
the Hotel Kedar (Cedar, as in Cedars of Lebanon). The rooms are small
but clean, the prices are cheap, the staff speaks French or German,
and its on a main tram line. Another alternative are private accomodation
bureaus. BG Tours in Varna booked me into a wonderful room near Sveti
Konstantin for $8.00 US a night - it was a short walk downhill (a LONGER
walk back uphill) to the beaches, and the balcony looked out on the
Black Sea. The owners spoke no foreign language that I recognized but
we got along great. If you're really on the cheap universities will rent
out any available dorm rooms at around $2 or $3 a night - the trick is
connecting with the right person. If you speak Bulgarian or Russian ask
a cab driver, etc. the way to the nearest obshezhitie (dormitory) and
negotiate with the front desk. If not, try any coffee shop at the
university for an English speaker and start asking around.
Car rentals are not cheap ($30-$40 a day for a Lada with a manual) but
are plentiful. They will advise you to remove your windshield wipers
when parked, leave no valuables or packages in the car, and always set
the alarm. TAKE THEIR ADVICE. Long-distance buses are fast, comfortable
and inexpensive. In Sofia long-distance buses congregate around the
Novotel Europa, in Varna they are either at the Cherno More Hotel or near
the Cathedral. Trains are slow but generally not too bad (if you ignore
the odor in the restrooms). You can probably get around pretty well without
a car.
Balkan flights between Varna and Sofia are frequent, several a day,
more or less on time, and cost $65.00 one-way last time I checked.
Balkan's Sofia JFK flights are extremely comfortable. Lufthansa,
Swiss Air, Air France, CSA (Czech Slovak), Malev (Hungarian), LOT
(Polish) all fly to Sofia. Lufthansa and Balkan treated me fairly
well in Sofia, the staff at Air France were obnoxious, and CSA put
me through hell like you wouldn't believe. Malev offers discounts
to students under 26 for flights throughout E. Europe. In general,
flights within E. Europe are much cheaper than to W. Europe. Balkan
charged about $200 less r/t Sofia Bratislava than Sofia Vienna, for
instance.
In general, supplies for tourists are plentiful. If you have a
favorite American brand of deodorant or shampoo, bring it. Most of
the imports are Turkish, Italian, or German. There are plenty of
places selling Kodak and Fuji film, Sony cassettes, etc. Outside of
the expensive parts of Sofia fluffy white toilet paper is rare - always
keep some with you.
Money changing places are ubiquitous - most charge no commission for
cash and deal in cash only. Banks charge commissions - some take
traveler's checks - a few do credit card cash advances. The commission
for these services can be stiff (5%- 8% for traveler's checks). Shop
around a little for rates and commissions - there's not a lot of variability
but a few places will try to rip you off. NEVER deal with the "change
money?" boys, unless you want a handful of Yugoslav dinars, the most
worthless currency on earth.
Maps in German or English can be found in the touristy areas. The
guide to E. Europe published in Berkeley has a pretty good section
on Bulgaria. Many people in Sofia and on the Black Sea speak a little
English or German - a few know French or Italian. If you know Russian
you're all set. Try to at least learn the Cyrillic alphabet - it won't
take long and it will make reading train and bus schedules a hell of a lot
easier.
Crime against persons is rare by the standard of someone living in
Washington D.C. (me). I walked around late at night in Varna for 9
months and never felt threatened. The only "crime hotspot" that I know
of is near the Hotel Pliska in Sofia. Don't be stupid - don't flash
money or jewelry around, etc., and you should be OK. Property crime is
more common, and thefts of or from autos seems to be a Bulgarian specialty.
VOA and BBC are on FM in Sofia - VOA is on 89.3 FM in Varna, at least for a
few hours a day. A small pocket short-wave radio is a good idea, but
FM will get you the news in English in at least a few places. The
International Herald Tribune is 1 day behind in Sofia, 2 in Varna. There
are weekly business newspapers in English published in Sofia.
The scarcity of goods in Bulgaria is pretty much over (although a
scarcity of money remains!). The most appreciated gifts that I found
were books in English (literature, travel, culture, and, especially,
business), booze with official US or British tax stamps attached (so
the recipient knew it wasn't adulterated swill), and cassettes or
CD's of "uncommon" music, ie Blues or Bluegrass anthologies, rare
Rock cuts, etc. Garth Brooks, Dolly Parton, R.E.M. and Jesus and
Mary Chain are available for $1.50 on cassette all over Bulgaria.
In downtown Sofia, Veliko Turnovo, Nessebur, or Golden Sands people
are pretty much jaded towards visiting foreigners. Many are quite
friendly, a few are rude or hostile, and a lot are indifferent. If
you go anywhere smaller, especially the places that Bulgarians think
tourists should see, like the ruins at Pliska, the Madara horseman, or
hiking the Rodope mountains, or if you ride the 2nd class train
compartment to Varna you'll find a lot of people who are still fascinated
that an American is kicking around in their country. They'll do all
they can to help. Its worth the trip.
By the way, to continue with a couple of threads that I read
today:
In June in Varna matchbooks were being used by shops in place of
50 stotinki pieces - a tram ride in Sofia was 2 lv, and jeans
were around 500 Lev.
Bulgarian folk music is alive and well. The Restaurant Liverpool
on Ul. Dubrovnik in Varna has a live band on Fri. and Sat.,
the private radio station I worked for in Varna (Kannal Komm)
played Bulgarian folk on week-ends and holidays, and in May
and June every restaurant in Varna was booked on Saturday and
Sunday afternoons for weddings, and every wedding had a band
playing folk music. Country-western and Speed Metal haven't
completely displaced Bulgarian folk.
=============================================================================
9-10 Visit to Bulgaria
(by Jan Terziyski)
The airport is 3km from the Sofia living areas (Druzhba, Iskyr, etc.).
The buses depart every 20min, but in the rush hours you can get on
for 5 min or so. Tickets ARE AVAILABLE on board, but one has to by a
bunch of ten or five to ease the driver who may not have change. For the
tourists who have reserved rooms in bigger hotels by travelling agency,
there are buses going directly to the hotel(I know about Varna, but such
a service should be available in Sofia).
There are 4 main international roads, used by tourists and cargo-trucks:
Kalotina-Sofia-Plovdiv-Svilengrad, Vidin-Sofia-Kulata,
Russe-Pleven-Sofia-Kulata and Russe-Sliven-(to Turkey and to Greece).
=============================================================================
9-11 Tourist Information
Off-peak Europe in brief
[...]
During the winter, there's top skiing (Borovets has been the site of World
Cup competitions) plus a Christmas and New Year's Festival in the country's
5,000-year-old capital, Sofia. Come spring, Black Sea resorts are magnets
for vacationing Europeans.
Year-round, Bulgaria is on of the best bargains in Europe. In fact, a
seven-day air/land package (New York-Sofia) starts as low as $825 per person.
Ski Bulgaria packages - offered by Balkan Holidays - start as low as $1,000
per person, including roundtrip airfare to Sofia, six nights' first-class
accomodations, breakfast and dinner daily, equipment rental and lift passes,
and ski-school tuition.
Best shopping buys include antiques, leather goods, perfume, ceramics
and woordcrafts.
Bulgarian Tourist Information Center: 41 East 42nd St., Suite 508,
New York, NY 10017, (212) 573-5530
Source: NYT supplement "Your invitation to Europe", October 10, 1993
=============================================================================
9-12 Visa Information Archive
(by Vadim Maslov)
Use anonymous FTP to site: ftpv.cs.umd.edu
directory: pub/cyrillic
=============================================================================
9-13 Travel Information Archive
Use anonymous FTP to site: ftp.cc.umanitoba.ca
file description: rec.travel archives
=============================================================================
9-14 A Journey Through Romania and Bulgaria
(by Melissa Harris)
Portico, The College of Architecture and Urban Planning Newsletter
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Spring/Summer 1993
A JOURNEY THROUGH ROMANIA AND BULGARIA
by Melissa Harris
While teaching for a semester at the Technical University of Vienna,
Melissa Harris, an assistant professor of architecture, and three
graduate students from the College took a two-week trip to Romania and
Bulgaria.
(...)
So why go? Adventure. Yes. I was also interested in seeing the
vernacular architecture of these countries. But most intriguing was a
strong urge to be inside cultures which have been historically oppressed
and yet remained beautifully productive. Being immersed in extremes
often generates interesting revelations. Extreme contrast, engaging the
edges and touching, even briefly, opposite ends of various spectra are
the essential characteristics of this trip.
First a quick introduction to my three companions on this adventure -
all graduate students at Michigan studying architecture for a semester
at the Technical University in Vienna. Ted, the forward man, confident
and charismatic. Susan, a blossoming talent, thoughtful and analytical.
And Dave, whose wisdom seemed to comfort us, like a blanket of security,
at all the right times. It wasn't long before each of us realized that a
larger group could take risks far too dangerous for someone traveling
alone.
(Part related to travel through Romania is posted on s.c.r.)
Bulgaria welcomed us back to lands of negotiable travel. Everything was
impressive about our introduction to Sofia. We got right to our
destination by tram and within a half hour had secured two double rooms
for the night, rented a car for the next morning and changed money. On
the way to our great rooms in a family's apartment we picked up
wonderful fruit. How very thankful we were for a shower and a bed. After
showers and some fresh fruit, we set out to explore downtown Sofia.
The city seemed to be prospering, with streets full of cafes, vendors
and color. Though l am sure it is prevalent, hardship was not nearly so
obvious as it was in Romania. What was prevalent were former monuments
to fallen Communist leaders. Many of these buildings are being put to
other uses or house new governments, but some remain empty. A specific
monument, the former mausoleum which housed the embalmed body of Georgi
Dimitrov (Bulgaria's first Communist leader) has now become an outdoor
toilet. When protests mounted in 1990, his body was removed and
cremated. The mausoleum sits on an elevated base with a surrounding
arcade. Between the columns and the building, feces has accumulated.
There isn't much trash, only human waste. Questions about the
relationship between form and a building's successive uses resurfaced.
Walking around the building, the new use seemed quite logical. The
columns are wide enough to provide privacy and the width between them
and the building just wide enough for passage while someone might be
relieving themselves. It is slated to become a museum.
After we had walked around in the rain seeing former monuments, the
Alexander Nevsky church, more Roman ruins, and basically getting a sense
of the downtown, we decided to eat in a fancy restaurant in the Grand
Hotel Bulgaria built in the `30s. The circular dining space had a dated
but somehow trendy feel with balcony seating around a two story space
which opened to a great skylight. As the meal progressed and we became
buddies with our waiter, he treated us to the main feature of the space.
The huge circular skylight actually opened mechanically to the sky.
Though it was still rainingabit, he opened it partially so we could get
the idea. Must be glorious in the summer.
The next morning we picked up our car and were reassured that it would
be no problem that our only road map for Bulgaria was in the Latin
alphabet not Cyrillic,which Bulgaria uses. Other maps and street signs
we had seen were only in Cyrillic, an alphabet which at first glance to
an uninformed Westerner looks like the swearing from a cartoon
character's mouth. No, no problem, signs will have both.
Rila Monastery was our first destination. We beat all the tourist buses
by an hour and therefore had it to ourselves initially. Situated on a
mountain cliff, the views were spectacular. Essentially a wall of rooms
rings the church in the middle, forming a protected exterior court. The
most impressive space was the kitchen. It was as though you walked into
an oven, sized to cook whole humans. The ceiling scalloped as it rose
nearly 45 feet into a chimney. The pans sat on large fire places and
were more than eight feet in diameter.
Before departure I got a bus driver to write out all the cities we would
be passing through in Cyrillic. The car rental agency was quite wrong.
We saw few Latin letters once we left Sofia. Despite the fact that we
now had critical translations, we had to stop at the base of every major
road sign so we could hold up our printed destination and compare it
with the sign.
>From Rila we headed to Plovdiv, Bulgaria's second largest but perhaps
most beautiful city. Cobblestone streets twisted to accommodate the
grade. An interesting attitude toward architectural history pervades the
city. There are literally layers of time incorporated in the buildings.
When a ruin is uncovered, they weave it into the current life of the
city - assigning new functions like a cafe or a stair.
Next stop was the Black Sea. We had no reservations, so it became a race
to get to Nessebar before the Balkan tourist office closed. Ted was
driving. We almost flew through the stunning countryside, traveling
first through mountains and then rolling farm lands, ultimately ending
in flat fields close to the sea. As in Plovdiv the night before, we
convinced the hotel woman in Nessebar that we could fit four people in a
double room despite the rules. She finally agreed as long as we were out
before eight in the morning when her shift changed. She wanted no part
of the story if we were caught.
The actual sea coast was forgettable, but both Nessebar and Sozopol had
hundreds of beautiful wooden seaside houses which sat on stone bases.
The overhangs were large enough to protect the rooms from sun and wind,
The wood frame was filled with tiny wood slats and overlaid once more
with thin battens every two feet or so. These elegant structures
represented at one time very progressive ideas about living, containing
unprecedented spaces for women who had just given birth. We ate
wonderful fresh fish that night. Our waiter took great care of us, even
running out to a cafe to get us chocolate cake for dessert.
Bulgaria rekindled my interest in vernacular architecture. In fact, it
reminded me of what I love about the mountains of North Carolina. The
buildings have a direct, clear relationship with the land and with the
function they house. As we drove through the Valley of the Roses (near
Veiliko Tarnovo), we stopped in many small towns - Arbanassi, Zeravna,
Gabrovo. Each seemed to have a subtle and specific architectural
response to its location.
Our last night in Bulgaria was the best. It provided us a beautiful
place to rest, to reflect, and to cook ourselves a meal. Now that the
trip was almost over, we had learned to call ahead for accommodations.
When the woman in Nessebar heard that we were traveling by car, she
said, "I have a place for you." A small town she likened to a museum
because of its houses, Bozenci was just a few miles outside Veiliko
Tarnovo, our destination for the final day. Bring your own food, she
advised, because there is nothing there. A man named Stephan will be
waiting for you in the square. We tried to tell her we were not sure
when we would arrive, but she insisted. He would be waiting.
We stopped at a big roadside market near Gabrovo and bought eight pork
chops, three loaves of bread, olives, and fruit. That was the entire
choice. We had no idea if we could cook them at our place or not.
Spring had exploded on the hills of Bozenci and the smell of white
blossoms filled the air. We followed the map the Nessebar woman had
scratched out for us. It didn't show much: a road, a center square with
a well, a nother road and the house. We got out and walked up the hill
which seemed to be the road of Stephan's house. Wonderful view from the
top, but no Stephan and no house which looked like the photos she had
shown us. We split up, with assigned territories to cover. My job was to
understand the woman worKing in the post office, who had begun helping
us. I was trying to decide if she was connected to Stephan. I began to
draw as I spoke, illustrating each part of my narrative: calling from
Nessebar, securing a house from Stephan, what the agreed price was, its
location, etc. When she finally shook her head and led me out of the
lobby, I heard Sue yelling from the top of a hill, "I found Stephan."
And so she had, and with him our little two-bedroom house with a porch
overlooking the mountain side.
We moved in quicily, reveling in the luxury of our own place, the view,
the cleanliness, and its intimacy. Dinner was started immediately.
Cooking for ourselves was an indescribable pleasure. Dave's ingenuity
with rice rewarded us with a terrific dinner overlooking the mountains,
now dotted with perfumed flowers. We toasted our collective spirit of
adventure and the amazing luck with which we had been blessed.
You don't hear or read much about Bulgaria. But city after city, street
after street, we uncovered stunning views and wonderful architecture
preserved through layers of time and movements. We rarely saw other
tourists. Bulgaria is a country where one can still afford to eat five
course meals, have coffee in an outdoor cafe overlooking a Roman
amphitheater and the entire city below, tour castles and museums, and
dance all night for 50 cents. I will see Bulgaria again in my lifetime,
Back in Vienna I saw this city in a new way, imagining it as home.
Thinking back over our experiences in both countries, Bulgaria pales
against Romania - not because of what either had to offer, but because,
for me, people transcend place, architecture, and accommodation. Our
personal experiences with people were all Romanian. It just turned out
that way this time. Perhaps this addresses the question of how issues of
the human spirit relate to architecture. The power of people to impart
significant meaning, memory and experience far surpasses the ability of
architecture to do the same. One is merely a stage for the other. But
both possess a spirit which affects everyday life. The Arad waiting room
will haunt my visions and inform my conceptions of public spaces for
years.
I relearned a valuable lesson for someone committed to visual education.
Drawing not only connects people to their own thoughts and sights, but
also to other people. Those people then frame the experience and
experience structures the story. After all, as John Barth said, "The
story of your life is not your life. It is your story."
=============================================================================
9-15 Eastern Europe
(by Evelyn Leeper)
This travelogue, as well as the one by Mark Leeper (see 9-16 below)
are very long and include other countries as well. That is why I chose
not to split the files but instead keep them in the ftp archive.
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-9-15.TXT
=============================================================================
9-16 Eastern Europe
(by Mark Leeper)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-9-16.TXT
=============================================================================
9-17 Bulgarian Cafe in San Francisco
(by Dimitqr Bojanchev)
For more information, please read the entire article by anonymous ftp
from shiva.cs.columbia.edu in the directory /BULGARIA
file name: FAQ-9-17.TXT
=============================================================================
10-1 What did Leland Buxton write about Bulgarians
(by Luben Boyanov)
From "The Black Sheep of the Balkans", by Leland Buxton, 1920. pp 94-96.
Chapter IV - 'Vae Victis'
"The Bulgarians, though believed to be of Turanian origin, have been
so completely Slavised that they may now be regarded as a branch of the
Southern Slavs, with whom they must eventually throw in their lot. So
efficient have they shown themselves to be, during the last fifty years, in
almost every field except those of propaganda and diplomacy, that many
people besides themselves have thought them entitled to become the leading
power in the Balkans. This was always an idle dream. Even if they had
obtained possession of Macedonia it could never have become a permanent
reality, for they are less numerous than the Serbs, the Romanians, or the
Greek. But a Southern Slav Federation, including an autonomous Bulgaria and
an autonomous Macedonia with ports on the Aegean, would be an effective
barrier against any Central European Imperialism on the north and against
Hellenic Imperialism on the south, thus insuring Slav predominance in the
Balkans.
It is unwise to express any other opinion, favourable or otherwise,
of the Bulgarians, for any one who does so is suspected of being a dupe
either of the Bulgarians themselves or of their enemies. To some people the
Bulgar is so objectionable and inhuman that they become almost frenzied in
their attempts to describe him; to others he appears to combine the virtues
of Don Quixote, St. Anthony, and the Admirable Crichton. Impartial writers,
however, usually describe him as industrious, practical, tenacious,
patient, courageous, honest and truthful; but silent, unexpansive,
grasping, and obstinate. He compels admiration rather than affection, but
Englishmen generally find him, in spite of his impenetrable reserve, less
irritating than some of his neighbours. He does not, however, possess the
attractive manners of the Serb or the Albanian. To the French temperament
he is antipathetic, and it was unfortunate for Bulgaria that the country
has been mainly in French occupation instead of British or Italian. Middle
class Bulgars, most of whom are sons of peasants, are often painfully
self-conscious and too much aware of their lack of polish, and their
unfortunate desire to keep up appearances sometimes creates an impression
of snobbishness."
=============================================================================
10-2 Book about Bulgarian history
(by Luben Boyanov)
"The Bulgarians in their historical, ethnographical and political frontiers
679 - 1917"
{"Bulgarite v tehnite istoricheski, etnografski i politicheski granitzi 679
- 1917"}
Actually, the format is a bit "strange" (31x29) as this is a collection of
40 maps, each one commented in 4 languages: German, English, French and
Bulgarian. THere are 14 pages preface in those 4 languages by D Rizov -
Minister of Bulgaria in Berlin at that time (1917). The edition is
excellent - the paper, the comments in 4 languages (BTW, the Bulgarian is
in the old style) and I fear that there will be need of another reprint as
the 5000 books, won't be around for a long time. The price is 37.70 leva
but this is something definately worthed to have hold of, in case one has
any interest on the history and problems of the Balkans in the past.
=============================================================================
10-3 Who is John Atanasoff
(by Luben Boyanov)
Subject: The inventor of the modern digital computer - of Bulgarian origin
The name John Atanasoff is not very well known but this is the man
who has created the modern digital computer. 50 years have passed
since John Atanasoff has created the first digital computer.
President Bush has awarded the 1990 National prize for Technical achievement,
- the highest American Technical award (I've used non-English text to
translate the name of the prize so the correct name of the award may be
a different one) to Prof. John Atanasoff.
For long time it has been considered that the first electronic digital
computer was ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) and one
can find that name in almost any Computer Science books as the first
example of the first generation digital computer systems.
ENIAC was built at the University of Pennsylvania under the direction of John
Mauchly and J. P. Eckert. Work on ENIAC began in 1943 and it was completed
in 1946. However, in the early seventies it was proven that the ideas behind
ENIAC were taken from the ABC (Atanasoff-Berry Computer) computer.
John Atanasoff was born in Hamilton, New York in 1903. He was educated at
the University of Florida, Iowa State College, and the University of
Wisconsin (PhD, physics, 1930). With the help of Clifford Berry, Atanasoff
built a working model of the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) in 1942. The
ABC computer was a special-purpose machine for solving simultaneous linear
equations. It was a serial, binary, electro-mechanical machine, and employed
various new techniques that Atanasoff invented, including novel uses of
logical circuitry and regenerative memory.
Only recently has Atanasoff achieved recognition as one of the "fathers" of
the digital computer.
During his last visit in Bulgaria to the birth-place of his father - an
emigrant orphan from the April Uprising against the Turks, John Atanasoff
said: "Like a Bulgarian I am also a restless and creative person and the
Slav root in my blood has helped me a great deal in life".
John Atanasoff - junior, president of "Cybernetics Products, Inc" has also
visited Bulgaria recently. He considers as good the chances of cooperation
between his company and the newly emerging Bulgarian private businesses.
It's not bad to remember that the inventor of the first modern digital
computer is of Bulgarian origin.
=============================================================================
10-4 When was Bulgaria declared independent
(by Luben Boyanov)
(This article is in Bulgarian)
Na 22 Septemvri 1908 godina, v Turnovskata cherkva "Sveti 40 muchenici"
v turzhetvena obstanovka e obyavena nezavisimosta na Bulgariya.
=============================================================================
10-5 Bulgaria and World War II
(by Luben Boyanov)
Basically, the person who was taking the major decisions
but not all !!! during the years around 1940 was King Boris III.
Both points are important as there are some controvercies and also
some propaganda. While it is true, that almost all general
decisions were masterminded by Boris III, it is also true that
the cabinet and the Prime Minister had some freedom to act and
did not consult the King on so many of their actions.
The entire story should be started back in the years 1932-35 when
it turned out that it is only Germany who is buying the agricultural
production of Bulgaria and in return was providing some high quality
industrial goods on low prices, from Bulgaria. In several years time
(Boris tried to convince Britain and France to allow more BG trade with
them, to get more of their products on the BG market on competitive prices,
but neither country gave a damn on that matter), Bulgaria was conducting
something like 65% (o even more) of its export and import with
Germany. The country became almost totaly dependent on Germany.
The overall situation was not bad for Bulgaria, as gave a good
market for BGs production and in return, the German tools/machines
were very well regarded for their quality and reliability in Bulgaria.
When WWII started, Bulgaria declared to stay neutral. Relations
with all major powers were good. It happened that there was a chance
to recover the purely Bulgarian land of Southern Dobruja, which was
lost to Romania after the Second Balkan war and then again - after
WWI. Russia, England, Germany were pressing Rumania but at the end
it was under German pressure that Romania returned the land. So - apart
from the huge economic dependance, a feeling of help and concern
was received from the German action. Still Boris was determined to keep BG
out of the war. There are numerous documents showing that Boris didn't like
and even despised Hitler and he was also rather scared what will next decide
to do the decorator from Austria. After some time, with the opening of
the war in Greece, Hitler got determined to get his troops there (I think
Gregory explained this well and why was so). . The German troops have
moved in Romania (if I'm not wrong about the time) and at some time Bulgaria
given 2 choices - to get on the side of the Germans, or to be crossed as
enemy by the Vermaht. There was absolute no support from England or France
(as far as I remember, Boris tried to get some help from there) and the
internal situation (no anti-German feelings, huge economic dependency) was
not helping at all. It was clear, that if Boris has refused to join
the Germans, a pro-German pupet regime would have been installed
in days, after the German army enters Bulgaria (BG had no army
after WWI !!! but even if they had, I doubt what could BG army on
its own, without British or French, or US help stand against the
Germans) and full colaboration of that pupet regime would have
started.
Boris chose the other option. He put a lot of conditions to the
joining of the Axis - like no BG soldiers for Germany, no interference
of Germany in BG gov, etc, etc, then he appointed a Germanophille
(or maybe it was earlier he appointed him) Prime Minister - Filov
and he binded towards the pressure from Hitler. The memoirs of his
Chief of Staff show how much upset he was for that decision. Still
he was in some control of the situation, and for the next years, he managed
to influence few major events, despite the oposite pressure from
Germany and his own government - namely to help saving the
Bulgarian Jews being sent to camps in Poland, to give soldiers to
the German army, and to declare war on the USSR. Bulgaria was
a unique country, where German and Russian missions (diplomatic)
were together during the war.
Of course, the King was not able to avoid many of the stupid things
his pro-German PM did, but he couldn't do anything else, in order to
play the game of cat and mouse with Hitler. And the game was to
avoid doing anything Hitler wanted, and still to pretend being
a true ally to him. Boris was extremely angry that Filov's gov
declared war to Britain and the US but he was unable to avoid this.
In 1943, after a stormy meeting with Hitler, when Boris refused
again to give troops and to deport the Jews (under various
explanations), Boris died from mysterious death. There are
speculations whetgher he was poisoned and by whom, but from
what Iv'e read, it seems that he just couldn't stand that pressure
any more and had a heart attack.
It is also documented, that earlier in 1943, Boris was preparing
a pro-British/American government but if/how/when he would have
broken with Hitler and joined the other camp is a mere speculation
and mystery, which will be never solved as the death of the King
ruined all plans he had or might have had.
=============================================================================
10-6 The Carnegie Report
(by Luben Boyanov)
The Carnegie Report about the causes and the behaviour of some
European countries during the First and Second Balkan Wars was
published again.
"The other Balkan Wars: 1914 Carnegie Endowment Report..."
contact
The Brookings Institution
Dept. 029
Washington, D.C. 20042-0029
or call:
(toll-free) 1-800-275-1447 (for a credit card service)
=============================================================================
11-1 What do Bulgarian celebrate on March 1.
(by Luben Boyanov, Vassil Peychev, and Tanya Vassilevski)
On the first day of March, Bulgarians wish each other health and happiness
with "Chestita baba Marta" - (in English "Happy Grandma Marta"). "Marta"
comes from the word for March (Mart) in Bulgarian. This is an ancient
Bulgarian (pagan) tradition (well - I can't tell you how old but I think
that it's more than one thousand years old) and symbolizes the end of the
cold winter and the coming of the spring. Usually we put something in red
and white (a thread in the past and commercialized plastic junk at present)
on ourselves (on our wrist or clothes) and when we see the first stork
(supposed to come back from the south and not the one in the Zoo) we throw
the red and white thread on a tree. The red and white colours symbolize the
snow and the blood from an old story where, a stork brings the blessing for
health to a small child from its parents, who are far away. The giving of the
"marteniza" makes you feel to expect the Spring very soon. The "arrival" of
the stork indicates that this has happened. I don't have time now to tell
the entire story but I'm sure somebody will.
The lack of "real" winter and "storks" (not a lot of them in the cities :-()
raises some difficulties in implementing this tradition nowadays but
Bulgarians are still celebrating and very fond of the 1st of March (in a
traditional and "modern" way at the same time).
__ __
| \ / |
\ \ / /
\ \ / /
\ \/ /
\__||_/
/\
/ \
/ \
/ \
/ \
/ \
<> <>
/|\ /|\
//|\\ //|\\
///|\\\ ///|\\\
////|\\\\ ////|\\\\
/////|\\\\\ /////|\\\\\
=============================================================================
11-2 What is Gergyovden
(by Luben Boyanov)
Gergiovden - St. George's day
There are a lot of rituals and celebrations, concerning St. George's day
(Gergiovden). It is celebrated on the 6th of May, although some calendar
changes brought by the Orthodox Church (all dates for celebration of the
saints have been changed some time ago).
Saint George the Victorious ("Pobedonosez") was cannonized by the Church
because of what he has done. He is usually painted on an icon as riding a
white horse, holding a lance in his hand, stabbed in the throat of a beast
- the dragon ("lamia"). According to the legend, a dragon used to attack
the shepherds and their sheep and each time the dragon used to steal a
sheep or a lamb. The shepherds were desperate. Then St. George appeared and
killed the dragon. Since that day, the shepherds celebrate St. George
everyyear and make a "kurban" - slaughter of a lamb (sacrifice for St. George).
In every house of a village, a lamb is slaughtered. Before that some
flowers are put on the lamb's horns and even a prayer is read. All village
gates (doors) are covered with flowers. Early in the morning, people go to
the river to wash themselves. On this days, people has to check their
weight ("pretegliam se") - it has been the "only" day of the year when
people checked their weight. There has also been a tradition that people
goto a swing ("lyulka") on that day.
St. George's day (Gergiovden) has been pronounced (some years after the
liberation of Bulgaria) as the day of the Army - the Bravery day. The main
Army parade used to take place on this day. Recently, this festivity
has been restored.
As far as the 1st of May is concerned, it hasn't been a traditional
celebrational day. However, on this day everybody has been trying to cheat
somebody else (like on the 1st of April, nowadays). If one succeeds (in his
"cheating") - he says :"Mai, mai, zamayah te" (difficult to translate - a
play of words meaning - I've cheated you).
Traditionally on St. Paul's day (St. Pavel) - the 11th (or 29th) of June
people don't work and don't lit fires ("ogniove"). The next day is St.
Peter's day - when a chicken is to be eaten.
=============================================================================
11-3 What are Bulgaria's national holidays
(by Dragomir R. Radev)
New Year's Day Jan 1
National Holiday (Liberation from the Turks) Mar 3
Easter (not on the same day as in Western Europe)
Labor Day May 1
St. Cyril and St. Methodius Day (Education and Culture Day, May 24
also Day of the Slavic Heritage)
Christmas Dec 25
=============================================================================
11-4 What are the roots of Bulgarian Orthodoxy
(by Luben Boyanov)
Bulgaria accepted Orthodoxy during the reign of Boris I. His son - Simeon I
(the greatest Bulgarian King) made the Bulgarian Church independent from
the Byzantine one. During the First Bulgarian Empire, the Bulgarian Church
(Patriarchate) had 2 'headquarters' (sorry don't know more details now) - one
in Turnovo and one in Ohrid. After the fall of the First Bulgarian Empire
(the Bulgarian capital of the last Bulgarian king of the First Bulgarian
Empire - Tzar Samuil was Ohrid) Emperor Basil II (the Bulgar-slayer) did not
abolish the Bulgarian Patriarchate in Ohrid. It survived (and was called
Bulgarian, even that it was headed by Greek clergy for a long time) until 1766
when it was abolished by the intrigues of the Phanariotes (this was part of
the Megali-Idea persued by the clergy of Constantinopol). The Patriarchate in
Turnovo was reestablished with the reestablishment of the Second Bulgarian
Empire and abolished with its fall - in 1393 (or maybe it was 1396 - the year
I remember given as the start of the Ottoman yoke).
Due to different reasons, Bulgarians know little on the one of the greatest
(and most important) events in their modern history - the reestablishment
of their own national church in the Ottoman Empire. This came after several
decades of struggle of the Bulgarians with the Phanariotes of Constantinopol
(Istanbul) (and the Russian diplomacy). The struggle (which actually
started in 1833 when the Bulgarians in Skopie and Samokov refused to continue
accepting the Greek clergy) ended with success (even the treath of converting
the Bulgarians to Catolicism was used) and on March 10th, 1870 (old style),
the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire issued a famous ferman (order), which
established the Bulgarian autocephalous Church under a primate entitled
Exarch, whose residence was at Constantinopol. On the 16th of Sept 1872,
the Greek Orthodox Patriarchy declared the Bulgarian Exrarchate schismatic
and the schism lasted until the late 1940-ies (or maybe early 50-ies, and
after that Bulgaria's church leader is Patriarch). The jurisdiction of the
Exarchate during its establishment was over 15 dioceses ('mitropolii'),
including Nish, Pirot and Veles (but not Varna !!!). Other dioceses were to
be added in case at least 2/3rd of the Christian local population so desired
(this was a not well known but truly democratic act during the 19th century
on the Balkans). In virtue of that, the Porte (i.e. the Ottoman administrati-
on) subsequently allowed Bulgarian bishops in Ohrid, Uskub (at present - Sko-
pie, Monastir, Nevrokop (at present - Goce Delchev), Dibra, and Strumitsa. The
Bulgarian Exarch was resident in Constantinopol until the Balkan Wars after
which (in 1913), he (at that time - Exarch Joseph) withdrew to Sofia.
=============================================================================
11-5 What are the features of Orthodox religion
(by Jan Terziyski)
Copied without authors' permission from a pamphlet of the
"Sveti Nikolai" church (Ochanomizu, Chyoda-ku, Tokyo).
FAIR USE ONLY.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Our Guide Lines for Holy Communion
Orthodox Christians are expected to take Confession before Holy
Communion. Let us prepare ourselves with prayers and fasting from the night
before.
Holy Communion in the Orthodox Church is shared only by Orthodox
Christians. Even though there are non-Orthodox Churches which encourage and
permit their faithful to take Communion in the Orthodox Church, it is not
allowed to do so in the Orthodox Church. Like wise, Orthodox Christians
may not take Communion in non-Orthodox Churches.
When you are taking Holy Communion in a parish other than your
own, please notify the priest before-hand, no later than at the time of
Confession.
Due to the fact that we receive faithful from all aver the world,
sometimes it is difficult to identify a person from other denominations,
so please be sure to be able in some way to prove yourself to be Orthodox.
Although we deeply regret that it must be, there may be some cases
where it is impossible to fully verify the Orthodoxy of the visitor.
Therefore, we may ask you to present some form of identification before
we can give you Communion. Please be sure to talk with one of the priests as
early as possible to avoid such unfortunate incident. Wee thank you for your
cooperation.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hope it helps to verify/elaborate some activities of the Orthodox Church,
though this one is a Russian church.
Jan Terziyski
=============================================================================
11-6 What is the origin of Petkovden
(by Peter Yovchev)
Na 14 oktomvri e Petkovden, denyat na Sveta Petka.
Eto malqk otkqs ot BIP :
Petkovden
Prep. Paraskeva (Petka) pravoslavnata cqrkva chestva na 14 oktomvri. Tova e
nepodvizhen cqrkoven praznik. Tja e rodena v grad Epivat-Trakija, prez X vek.
Oshte na mladini se obricha v sluzhba na Boga. Naj-silno i povlijali
Evangelskite slova, koito vednqzh chula v hrama: "Ako njakoj iska da vqrvi
sled Mene, da se otkazhe ot sebe si". Celija si zhivot prep. Paraskeva
prekarala v Jordanskata pustinja. Prez 1025 g. netlennite j moshti bili
preneseni v Tqrnovo, a po-kqsno - v gr. JAsh - Rumqnija, kqdeto sa i do dnes.
=============================================================================
12-1 Bulgarian Literary Archive
(contributed by Luben Boyanov, Ivan Danchev, Gergana Haralampieva,
Ivan Vassilev, and Dragomir R. Radev)
The following 44 poems and 1 short story are archived in the ftp site
(see the answer to FAQ 1-2)
The archive currently contains the following:
File Author Title
AGER001.TXT Aleksandqr Gerov Kopnej
AGER002.TXT Aleksandqr Gerov Leglo
AGER003.TXT Aleksandqr Gerov Golyamata tishina
AGER004.TXT Aleksandqr Gerov Vishna
BDIM001.TXT Blaga Dimitrova To be a Woman
BDIM002.TXT Blaga Dimitrova Sama jena na pqt
BDIM003.TXT Blaga Dimitrova Heroics
BDIM004.TXT Blaga Dimitrova To the End
DOVA001.TXT David Ovadiya ***
DDEB001.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov ***
DDEB002.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov ***
DDEB003.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov Molitva
DDEB004.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov Bohemski noshti
DDEB005.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov ***
DDEB006.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov ***
DDEB007.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov Pobeden
DDEB008.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov Cherna pesen
DDEB009.TXT Dimcho Debelyanov ***
DJOT001.TXT Dobri Jotev Sebeprisqda
EEVT001.TXT Evtim Evtimov ***
FOLK001.TXT Folklore Bilyana platno beleshe
ICAN001.TXT Ivan Canev Mig
IMIL001.TXT Ivan Milchev Pqrvi snyag
IVAZ001.TXT Ivan Vazov De e Bqlgariya
KDON001.TXT Kalin Donkov Zimna kqshta
NFUR001.TXT Nikola Furnadjiev Jena
NHAY001.TXT Nikolay Haytov Mqjki vremena
NLIL001.TXT Nikolay Liliev ***
NLIL002.TXT Nikolay Liliev ***
NVAP001.TXT Nikola Vapcarov Proshtalno
NYOR001.TXT Nedyalko Yordanov Lyubov neobyasnima
PMAT001.TXT Pavel Matev ***
PSLA001.TXT Petko Slaveykov Tatkovina
PYAV001.TXT Peyo Yavorov Rodina
PYAV002.TXT Peyo Yavorov Ela
PYAV003.TXT Peyo Yavorov Zatochenici
PYAV004.TXT Peyo Yavorov Ne si vinovna ti
SCAN001.TXT Stefan Canev Molitva kqm Anna
SCAN002.TXT Stefan Canev Himn
VBAS001.TXT Vladimir Bashev Spomen za pqrvata celuvka
VBAS001.TXT Vladimir Bashev Risunka
VHAN001.TXT Vesselin Hanchev Prqsten
VHAN002.TXT Vesselin Hanchev Lyubov
VSID001.TXT Volen Siderov Avtobiografiya
=============================================================================
12-2 Books about Bulgaria
(by Charles Power)
There are a number of relatively recent and readable books on
modern Bulgarian history and related topics. Some are in print,
and others should be available at larger libraries.
Barnes, Julian. THE PORCUPINE. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1992.
138p.
Fiction: novella inspired specifically by the fall of
communism in Bulgaria and the trial of its Communist ruler,
Todor Zhivkov.
Brown, J.F. BULGARIA UNDER COMMUNIST RULE. London: Pall Mall
Press, 1970. ix+339p.
Rather stodgy political and economic analysis.
Constant, Stephen. FOXY FERDINAND: TSAR OF BULGARIA. New York/
London/Toronto/Sidney: Franklin Watts, 1980. 352p.
Lively and irreverent history of Tsar Ferdinand (1861-1948),
the monarch responsible for the restoration of Bulgarian
sovereignty.
Groueff, Stefane. CROWN OF THORNS. London/New York/London:
Madison Books, 1987. xvi+411p.
Unabashedly partisan biography of Tsar Boris (1918-1943),
who struggled to keep Bulgaria, a nominal member of the
Axis, effectively out of World War II. The author is the
son of one of Boris's advisors.
Markov, Georgi. THE TRUTH THAT KILLED. Translated by Liliana
Brisby. New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1984. xx+280p.
Essays by the famous defector and BBC commentator, victim of
a poisoned umbrella wielded by a Communist assassin.
Miller, Marshall Lee. BULGARIA DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR.
Stanford University Press, 1975. xii+290p.
More detached viewpoint than Groueff's biography of Tsar
Boris; shows how the war led to the Communist takeover.
Mollenhoff, Clark R. ATANASOFF: FORGOTTEN FATHER OF THE
COMPUTER. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1988.
xv+275p.
Biography of John V. Atanasoff (1903- ), son of a Bulgarian
immigrant, who invented the first electronic digital
computer.
=============================================================================
__ ______
/ /_______/ \ (Please someone help me draw a better map)
\ _/
| /
| \
| _______|
\______/
=============================================================================
--
Dragomir R. Radev Graduate Research Assistant
Natural Language Processing Group Columbia University CS Department
Office: (212) 939-7121 Home: (212) 866-8548