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Were COVID-19 Lockdowns Worth the Cost?

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Michael Ejercito

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Jun 30, 2020, 9:20:08 AM6/30/20
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http://reason.com/2020/06/29/were-covid-19-lockdowns-worth-the-cost/

Were COVID-19 Lockdowns Worth the Cost?
The evidence suggests Americans are right to wonder.
JACOB SULLUM | 6.29.2020 4:40 PM

Greg-Abbott-mask-6-19-20-Newscom
Texas Gov. Greg Abbott (Ricardo Brazziell/TNS/Newscom)
"More than four months into fighting the coronavirus in the United States,"
The New York Times says, "the shared sacrifice of millions of Americans
suspending their lives—with jobs lost, businesses shuttered, daily routines
upended—has not been enough to beat back a virus whose staying power around
the world is only still being grasped." Most Americans, regardless of their
views about the lockdowns that the vast majority of states imposed in
response to the epidemic, probably would concur with that conclusion. But
did the lockdowns fail because they were imposed too late and lifted too
soon, or did they fail because they were fundamentally misconceived? On that
question there is much disagreement.


Prior to last spring, the idea that the mass quarantine of overwhelmingly
healthy, noninfectious people was an appropriate response to a viral
epidemic would have struck most of us as highly implausible. During the
"Spanish flu" epidemic of 1918, which was far more deadly than COVID-19 has
proven to be, many American cities banned large public gatherings, closed
schools, and shut down businesses, such as movie theaters and pool halls,
where people gathered indoors in close proximity to each other. But the
restrictions of that era were not nearly as pervasive or as broad as the
measures implemented in response to COVID-19, which closed all but a select
few businesses and confined hundreds of millions of people to their homes
except for government-approved purposes.

Those orders, which entailed enormous economic and social costs, were
clearly unsustainable over the long term. And once they were lifted, we were
bound to face the challenge that confronts us now: how to deal with a virus
that poses a negligible risk to most of the population but a serious risk to
many people with preexisting medical conditions, a virus that people often
carry without realizing it because it can be transmitted before symptoms
appear, when symptoms are so mild that they cause little concern, or when
symptoms never show up at all.

Lockdown advocates understood that the virus would still be with us after
the sweeping restrictions on movement and economic activity were removed.
But they argued that lockdowns would prevent local health systems from being
overwhelmed by COVID-19 patients, which would endanger not only their lives
but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary prospect,
although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit especially
hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.

Even if lockdowns merely delayed COVID-19 cases rather than actually
preventing them, supporters of the policy also said, the restrictions would
buy time for treatments that could make the disease less deadly. If you knew
that you were going to catch the virus at some point, Johns Hopkins surgeon
Marty Makary asked during a recent Soho Forum debate, wouldn't you rather
get it later in the epidemic, after doctors had a chance to figure out which
treatments worked best? That strikes me as a pretty good argument, although
the benefit Makary imagines has to be balanced against the medical cost of
restrictions that delayed potentially lifesaving diagnosis and treatment of
other diseases.




TOP ARTICLES
1/5
Kneeling in the Church of Social Justice

Lockdown supporters also emphasized that slowing transmission of the virus
would buy time to develop the testing capacity required to identify
carriers, trace their contacts, and quarantine them. We missed that
opportunity early in the epidemic, thanks largely to a government-engineered
testing fiasco. Having learned from that mistake, it was thought, states
could use the breathing space provided by lockdowns to expand their testing
and tracing capabilities. But as the Times notes, even states that were
relatively well-prepared on that score are doing a pretty pitiful job of
testing and tracing, a mission that seems daunting given the enormous gap
between total infections and confirmed cases.

All of these arguments assumed that lockdowns would have enough of an impact
on virus transmission to justify the huge burdens they imposed. But it is by
no means clear that they did.

Cellphone data show that Americans were already moving around less before
they were legally required to do so. Nationwide, driving, walking, and use
of mass transit fell precipitously in early March, before any of the
lockdowns. That downward trend continued until late March, when Americans
started moving around more, even as they were still subject to lockdowns.
The same basic pattern was apparent even in states, such as Arkansas, Iowa,
Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming, that never issued
stay-at-home orders. Foot traffic data show similar trends: a sharp decline
beginning in early March, followed by an increase beginning in late March
and early April.

It is possible that lockdowns accelerated the downward trends in mobility
and delayed or attenuated the upward trends. But the data suggest that the
trends were driven mostly by voluntary changes in behavior. It is also
possible that foreclosing certain options when people ventured outside their
homes reduced virus transmission even when they started doing that more. In
states with broad business closure orders, many people were not going to
work, and no one was allowed to go inside bars or restaurants for drinks or
food. It seems reasonable to expect that such restrictions would reduce
virus transmission to at least some extent.

Yet in Texas, where a statewide lockdown was imposed on April 1, that order
had no obvious impact on the number of new COVID-19 cases reported each day,
which continued to trend upward through April. And after the stay-at-home
order expired on April 30 and businesses began to reopen, more than a month
went by before there was an explosion in cases, even though the median
incubation period for COVID-19 is four or five days.

Houston writer Mimi Swartz, in a New York Times op-ed piece published
yesterday, blames Phase 3 of Gov. Greg Abbott's reopening plan, which
"allowed many businesses to reopen at 75 percent capacity on June 12." The
timing seems right, since daily new cases began to rise precipitously four
or five days later. The number jumped more than threefold between June 16
and June 25, from 2,622 to nearly 6,000, before falling slightly to 5,357
yesterday.

A longer view shows that newly identified cases had already risen
dramatically since late May, from 589 on May 26 to more than 2,500 on June
10—a fourfold increase. That increase may have had something to do with
gatherings on Memorial Day weekend and the mass protests against police
brutality that followed soon after.

But let's say Swartz is right that increasing the number of people
businesses are allowed to serve—a decision that Abbott reversed for
restaurants on Friday, when he also ordered bars closed—transformed what
might have been a one-time jump into a persistent upward trend. Doesn't that
imply that letting restaurants operate at 50 percent of capacity (the limit
to which Abbott reverted) rather than 75 percent is consistent with keeping
the epidemic under control? And doesn't that imply that the original order,
which prohibited all restaurant dining, went farther than necessary?

I honestly don't know the answer. But this is the sort of question that
politicians conspicuously failed to ask when they shut down the economy in
the name of flattening the curve.

Texas, according to lockdown supporters, did pretty much everything wrong:
It closed businesses too late, allowed them to reopen too soon, and failed
to develop testing and tracing capacity enough to make a real difference.
But what about California, which led the nation in ordering businesses to
close and telling people to stay home and has been only gradually lifting
those restrictions? Newly confirmed cases are also rising dramatically
there, from 2,108 on June 15 to 7,149 on June 23—a more-than-threefold
increase similar to what Texas saw during the same period, although that
number had dropped to 4,810 as of June 27.

California began allowing dine-in restaurants to reopen on May 8. The state
has not imposed a hard cap on occupancy, focusing instead on physical
distancing requirements. Some local governments are being more cautious. In
San Francisco, for example, restaurants were allowed to reopen on June 15,
but only for outdoor dining. The state allowed bars, wineries, breweries,
hotels, bowling alleys, and miniature golf courses to start reopening on
June 12 in counties that met specified epidemiological targets.

Can that last decision be blamed for the recent surge in cases? It seems
unlikely, given how gradually these businesses are actually reopening. In
any case, it is hard to put much stock in the argument that Texas has been
exceptionally reckless when even a super-cautious state like California is
seeing similar increases in newly identified infections.

As in Texas, the number of new daily cases in California rose steadily
during the lockdown, although supporters of that policy presumably would
argue that the number would have risen more otherwise. According to Youyang
Gu's estimates, California's reproduction number—the number of people
infected by the average carrier—was 1.71 in early February. It began falling
significantly before the statewide lockdown was imposed on March 18 and
continued falling until mid-April, when it settled around one—the threshold
for a growing epidemic. The number started rising in mid-May, about a week
after California began to reopen, and now stands at 1.09. Those estimates
are consistent with the idea that the lockdown helped reduce virus
transmission, if only by reinforcing a preexisting trend.

In Texas, by contrast, the decline in the reproduction number happened
almost entirely before the statewide lockdown, and the number began rising
before the lockdown was lifted. Gu's estimate puts it at 1.08 today,
slightly lower than California's number. If California was more successful
at reducing virus transmission because it imposed a lockdown earlier and
began to lift it later and more carefully, that success is not reflected in
these estimates.

It is certainly plausible that lockdowns helped slow the spread of COVID-19
by limiting the choices of people who were not inclined to follow social
distancing guidelines. But the size of the policy's marginal contribution is
uncertain, and it is clear that government action is only part of this
story, which is largely about how people voluntarily responded to the threat
posed by the epidemic.

The evidence suggests that Americans initially changed their behavior in
striking ways, then recalibrated their reaction as it became clear that we
would be living with this virus for a long time. Many people—especially
those whose own risk of dying from COVID-19 is very low—probably would have
become increasingly impatient with pandemic-inspired limits on their lives
even if politicians had never deprived them of their livelihoods and ordered
them to stay home. But the bitter experience with sweeping and frequently
arbitrary government-imposed restrictions seems to have left many Americans
less willing to take even relatively modest precautions.

"There was 'real hubris' on the part of public health officials at the very
start," the Times says, quoting Vanderbilt University infectious disease
specialist William Schaffner. Those officials, according to the Times,
believed "the United States could lock down and contain the virus as China
had," and "that futile hope helped create an unrealistic expectation that
the shutdown, while intense, would not be for long, and that when it was
lifted life would return to normal."

Now that we have emerged from lockdowns with no real confidence that they
actually reduced the ultimate death toll, many people are understandably
asking what the point was. "Many Americans started in the pandemic with a
strong feeling of solidarity, not unlike the days after Sept. 11, 2001," the
Times observes. "They closed their businesses, stayed inside, made masks and
wiped down their groceries. In a country often riven by politics, polls
showed broad agreement that shutting down was the right thing to do. But
months of mixed messages have left many exhausted and wondering how much of
what they did was worth it."

They are right to wonder.


--
This email has been checked for viruses by AVG.
https://www.avg.com

Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD

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Jun 30, 2020, 10:01:27 AM6/30/20
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"Unless the LORD builds the house,
the builders labor in vain.
Unless the LORD watches over the city,
the guards stand watch in vain.
In vain you rise early
and stay up late,
toiling for food to eat --
for He grants sleep to those He loves." (Psalm 127:1-2)

The LORD loves those who don't remind Him of the one He hates (Malachi
1:2-3).

So let us not be a http://bit.ly/terribly_hungry (Genesis 25:32)
Drumpf ( http://bit.ly/W_d_DJT_r ) or else we'll most certainly die a
http://bit.ly/TerriblyStupid (Mark 9:42) death:

http://bit.ly/BiblicalEsau

Be hungrier, which really is wonderfully healthier especially for
diabetics and other heart disease patients:

http://bit.ly/HeartDocAndrewToutsHunger (Luke 6:21a) with all glory to
GOD, Who causes us to hunger (Deuteronomy 8:3) when He blesses us
right now (Luke 6:21a) thereby removing the http://bit.ly/HeartVAT
from around the heart

...because we mindfully choose to openly care with our heart,

HeartDoc Andrew <><
--
Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD
Cardiologist with an http://bit.ly/EternalMedicalLicense
2016 & upwards non-partisan candidate for U.S. President:
http://bit.ly/WonderfullyHungryPresident
and author of the 2PD-OMER Approach:
http://bit.ly/HeartDocAndrewCare
which is the only **healthy** cure for the U.S. healthcare crisis

Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD

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Jun 30, 2020, 10:11:03 AM6/30/20
to
MichaelE wrote:
> HeartDoc Andrew, in the Holy Spirit, boldly wrote:
>> MichaelE wrote:
>>
>> > http://reason.com/2020/06/28/cdc-antibody-studies-confirm-huge-gap-between-covid-19-infections-and-known-cases/

<snip>

>> > The onus for preventing contact between potential carriers and high-risk
>> > individuals seems to be shifting, fairly or not, from the first group to
>> > the second. Minimizing COVID-19 deaths will require adapting to that
>> > reality.
>>
>> We, the people of America, can kindly and mercifully take the onus
>> from high-risk individuals (i.e folks with the pre-existing conditions
>> of obesity,hypertension,diabetes,asthma,emphysema,heart
>> disease,cigarette-smoking addiction,depression,alcoholism,cancer,etc)
>> by immediately finding out at any given moment, including while
>> On-line, who among us are unwittingly contagious (i.e. pre-symptomatic
>> or asymptomatic) in order to convince them to call their doctor and
>> self-quarantine per their doctor in hopes of stopping this pandemic
>> before all our hospitals are overwhelmed.
>
> You got that right!
>
>> Indeed, I am wonderfully hungry ( http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 )
>> and hope you, Michael, also have a healthy appetite too.
>>
>> So how are you ?
>
> I am wonderfully hungry!

Source:
https://groups.google.com/d/msg/sci.med.cardiology/GqTZ2LNTjSE/A5TuxE0xAQAJ


While wonderfully hungry in the Holy Spirit, Who causes (Deuteronomy
8:3) us to hunger, I note that you, Michael, not only don't have
COVID-19 but are rapture (Luke 17:37) ready and pray (2 Chronicles
7:14) that our Everlasting (Isaiah 9:6) Father in Heaven continues to
give us "much more" (Luke 11:13) Holy Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23) so
that we'd have much more of His Help to always say/write that we're
"wonderfully hungry" in **all** ways including especially caring to
http://bit.ly/ConvinceItForward (John 15:12 as shown by
http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 ) with all glory (
http://bit.ly/Psalm117_ ) to GOD (aka HaShem, Elohim, Abba, DEO), in
the name (John 16:23) of LORD Jesus Christ of Nazareth. Amen.

Laus DEO !

danny burstein

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Jun 30, 2020, 12:18:39 PM6/30/20
to
In <rdfe66$5ee$1...@dont-email.me> "Michael Ejercito" <meje...@hotmail.com> writes:

>but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary prospect,
>although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit especially
>hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
>ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.

a: damn, you're both wrong and dumb.
b: and if only "Reason" had editors. That article
could and should have been cut by 90 percent.

--
_____________________________________________________
Knowledge may be power, but communications is the key
dan...@panix.com
[to foil spammers, my address has been double rot-13 encoded]

Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD

unread,
Jun 30, 2020, 12:29:45 PM6/30/20
to
Danny Burstein wrote in part:
> MichaelE wrote in part:

>> but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary prospect,
>> although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit especially
>> hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
>> ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.

Source:
https://groups.google.com/d/msg/sci.med.cardiology/f13DOc90UDE/g4rUJXMyAQAJ

> a: damn, you're both wrong and dumb.

I am simply wonderfully hungry ( http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 ) and
hope you, Danny, also have a healthy appetite too.

So how are you ?










Michael Ejercito

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Jul 1, 2020, 8:52:51 AM7/1/20
to


"danny burstein" wrote in message news:rdfokt$2ch$1...@reader1.panix.com...

>In <rdfe66$5ee$1...@dont-email.me> "Michael Ejercito" <meje...@hotmail.com>
>writes:

>>but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary prospect,
>>although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit
>>especially
>>hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
>>ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.

>a: damn, you're both wrong and dumb.
>b: and if only "Reason" had editors. That article
>could and should have been cut by 90 percent.

In what way?


Michael

Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD

unread,
Jul 1, 2020, 11:51:16 AM7/1/20
to
MichaelE wrote ~3 hours ago:
> Danny Burstein wrote ~23 hours ago:
>> MichaelE wrote in part:
>
>>> but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary prospect,
>>> although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit especially
>>> hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
>>> ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.
>
>> a: damn, you're both wrong and dumb.
>> b: and if only "Reason" had editors. That article
>> could and should have been cut by 90 percent.
>
> In what way?

Danny's not being able to respond appropriately when greeted here over
the past several hours means that he's RapidTestCOVID-19 **positive**
indicating it's possible that he's infected with the COVID-19 novel
coronavirus and needs to call his doctor and self-quarantine per his
doctor.

Link to original greeting in this thread:
https://groups.google.com/d/msg/sci.med.cardiology/f13DOc90UDE/dlMrtIo6AQAJ

In the interim, I am instead wonderfully hungry(
http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 ) and hope you, Michael, also have a

Michael Ejercito

unread,
Jul 2, 2020, 8:46:36 AM7/2/20
to


"Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD" wrote in message
news:eibpffhiojs4o8ek6...@4ax.com...

>MichaelE wrote ~3 hours ago:
>> Danny Burstein wrote ~23 hours ago:
>>> MichaelE wrote in part:
>>
>>>> but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary
>>>> prospect,
>>>> although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit
>>>> especially
>>>> hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
>>>> ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.
>>
>>> a: damn, you're both wrong and dumb.
>>> b: and if only "Reason" had editors. That article
>>> could and should have been cut by 90 percent.
>>>
>> In what way?

>Danny's not being able to respond appropriately when greeted here over
>the past several hours means that he's RapidTestCOVID-19 **positive**
>indicating it's possible that he's infected with the COVID-19 novel
>coronavirus and needs to call his doctor and self-quarantine per his
>doctor.
He should get a test.

>Link to original greeting in this thread:
>https://groups.google.com/d/msg/sci.med.cardiology/f13DOc90UDE/dlMrtIo6AQAJ

>In the interim, I am instead wonderfully hungry(
>http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 ) and hope you, Michael, also have a
>healthy appetite too.

>So how are you ?

I am wonderfully hungry!

Andrew B. Chung, MD/PhD

unread,
Jul 2, 2020, 9:03:16 AM7/2/20
to
MichaelE wrote:
> HeartDoc Andrew, in the Holy Spirit, boldly wrote:
>> MichaelE wrote ~3 hours ago:
>>> Danny Burstein wrote ~23 hours ago:
>>>> MichaelE wrote in part:
>>>
>>>>> but the lives of people with other illnesses. That was a scary prospect,
>>>>> although it was probably exaggerated even in places that were hit especially
>>>>> hard by the epidemic. New York City, for example, ended up with more
>>>>> ventilators and hospital capacity than it actually needed.
>>>
>>>> a: damn, you're both wrong and dumb.
>>>> b: and if only "Reason" had editors. That article
>>>> could and should have been cut by 90 percent.
>>>>
>>> In what way?
>
>> Danny's not being able to respond appropriately when greeted here over
>> the past several hours means that he's RapidTestCOVID-19 **positive**
>> indicating it's possible that he's infected with the COVID-19 novel
>> coronavirus and needs to call his doctor and self-quarantine per his
>> doctor.
>
> He should get a test.

Danny's doctor should be able to make arrangements for confirmatory
test(s) as needed during his self-quarantine. The priority here is to
first convince Danny to stop being possibly a "super-spreader" in his
community.

>> Link to original greeting in this thread:
>> https://groups.google.com/d/msg/sci.med.cardiology/f13DOc90UDE/dlMrtIo6AQAJ
>
>> In the interim, I am instead wonderfully hungry(
>> http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 ) and hope you, Michael, also have a
>> healthy appetite too.
>
>> So how are you ?
>
> I am wonderfully hungry!


While wonderfully hungry in the Holy Spirit, Who causes (Deuteronomy
8:3) us to hunger, I note that you, Michael, not only don't have
COVID-19 but are rapture (Luke 17:37) ready and pray (2 Chronicles
7:14) that our Everlasting (Isaiah 9:6) Father in Heaven continues to
give us "much more" (Luke 11:13) Holy Spirit (Galatians 5:22-23) so
that we'd have much more of His Help to always say/write that we're
"wonderfully hungry" in **all** ways including especially caring to
http://bit.ly/ConvinceItForward (John 15:12 as shown by
http://bit.ly/RapidTestCOVID-19 ) with all glory (
http://bit.ly/Psalm117_ ) to GOD (aka HaShem, Elohim, Abba, DEO), in
the name (John 16:23) of LORD Jesus Christ of Nazareth. Amen.

Laus DEO !

Be hungrier, which really is wonderfully healthier especially for
diabetics and other heart disease patients:

http://bit.ly/HeartDocAndrewToutsHunger (Luke 6:21a) with all glory to
GOD, Who causes us to hunger (Deuteronomy 8:3) when He blesses us
right now (Luke 6:21a) thereby removing the http://bit.ly/HeartVAT
from around the heart

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