Hi Micha,
Oh dear, I'm afraid it looks like the file may be corrupt/incomplete. The crucial line in the log is
ERROR: Reached end of file...
which the stack trace shows happens when trying to read the .qpdata file.
I have seen this problem before, but not for a long time and I thought it had been fixed. It could occur if QuPath is shut down before saving the data is complete, but under normal circumstances this shouldn't happen and I recall incorporating steps that try to reduce the risk. Although I'm not sure in which version of QuPath I made these changes.
If you find that the problem occurs with the latest version of QuPath, and especially if you find a way to make it happen reproducibly, please do let me know.
As it is, I'm afraid that I do not know if it will be possible to recover the data from your existing files, but it is worth trying. Your project directory should contain a 'data' subdirectory containing several files with the extension '.qpdata', and a filename dependent upon the original image name.
If you look in the directory, can you see these .qpdata files? If so, do they have sufficiently large file sizes to suggest that they contain anything interesting? Are any backup files present in that directory as well?
If you are able to send me any .qpdata files then I would see if I can recover data from them by modifying the file reading code. I am not sure if this will be successful, but certainly I am happy to try.
Pete