Just to check a few things:
Which version of QuPath are you running (1.2 vs 1.3)?
What are the relative file sizes of the files that didn't work as compared to the ones that did?
What are the sizes of the .qpdata files for each image (or are the ones that failed 0)?
You mentioned playing around with the parameters on individual pictures, does that mean the detection completes fully when they are run one at a time? Or did those fail as well?
Are the files on a networked folder?
If you have run the batch multiple times, is it always the same images that fail?